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Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain 2D and 3D Images

Maria Peris-Celda, MD, PhD Neurosurgeon Department of Neurosurgery Albany Medical Center Albany, New York Francisco Martinez-Soriano, MD, PhD Professor and Chairman Emeritus Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology University of Valencia Valencia, Spain Albert L. Rhoton, Jr., MD‡ R.D. Keene Family Professor and Chairman Emeritus Department of Neurosurgery University of Florida College of Medicine Gainesville, Florida

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Anatomical Labeling: Alfonso Amador Valverde, MD, PhD Associate Professor Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology University of Valencia Valencia, Spain Vicent Teruel Martí, PhD Associate Professor Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology University of Valencia Valencia, Spain

Anatomical Dissections: Performed at the Microsurgery and Endoscopic Neurosurgical Laboratory Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida

With 624 Figures

Thieme New York • Stuttgart • Delhi • Rio de Janeiro

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Executive Editor: Timothy Hiscock Managing Editor: Elizabeth Palumbo Director, Editorial Services: Mary Jo Casey Editorial Assistant: Keith Palumbo Production Editors: Naamah Schwartz, Barbara Chernow International Production Director: Andreas Schabert Editorial Director: Sue Hodgson International Marketing Director: Fiona Henderson International Sales Director: Louisa Turrell Director of Institutional Sales: Adam Bernacki Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer: Sarah Vanderbilt President: Brian D. Scanlan Typesetting by Carol Pierson, Chernow Editorial Services, Inc. Cover: Head and Neck Anatomy, lateral view by Maria Peris-Celda, MD PhD Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Peris-Celda, Maria, author. | Martinez-Soriano, Francisco, author. | Rhoton, Albert L., 1932–2016, author. Title: Rhoton’s atlas of head, neck, and brain : 2d and 3d images / Maria Peris-Celda, Francisco Martinez-Soriano, Albert L. Rhoton, Jr. ; anatomical labeling, Alfonso Amador Valverde, Vicent Teruel Marti. Other titles: Dissection atlas of head, neck, and brain Description: New York, NY : Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., [2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017035765| ISBN 9781604069006 (alk. paper) | ISBN 9781604069013 (eISBN) Subjects: | MESH: Head—anatomy & histology | Neck—anatomy & histology | Brain—anatomy & histology | Atlases Classification: LCC QM535 | NLM WE 17 | DDC 612.9/1—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017035765

Important note: Medicine is an ever-changing science undergoing continual development. Research and clinical experience are continually expanding our knowledge, in particular our knowledge of proper treatment and drug therapy. Insofar as this book mentions any dosage or application, readers may rest assured that the authors, editors, and publishers have made every effort to ensure that such references are in accordance with the state of knowledge at the time of production of the book. Nevertheless, this does not involve, imply, or express any guarantee or responsibility on the part of the publishers in respect to any dosage instructions and forms of applications stated in the book. Every user is requested to examine carefully the manufacturers’ leaflets accompanying each drug and to check, if necessary in consultation with a physician or specialist, whether the dosage schedules mentioned therein or the contraindications stated by the manufacturers differ from the statements made in the present book. Such examination is particularly important with drugs that are either rarely used or have been newly released on the market. Every dosage schedule or every form of application used is entirely at the user’s own risk and responsibility. The authors and publishers request every user to report to the publishers any discrepancies or inac curacies noticed. If errors in this work are found after publication, errata will be posted at www.thieme.com on the product description page. Some of the product names, patents, and registered designs referred to in this book are in fact registered trademarks or proprietary names even though specific reference to this fact is not always made in the text. Therefore, the appearance of a name without designation as proprietary is not to be construed as a representation by the publisher that it is in the public domain.

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Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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To the memory of our beloved Professor Rhoton, the most brilliant neurosurgeon, greatest mentor, and kindest human being. To Professor Rhoton´s family, especially his wife Joyce, for their warm welcome to all the fellows and for their support of our work through the years. To all the patients around the world who are, were, and will be saved by Professor Rhoton´s teachings. To those who donate their bodies to the study of anatomy and their families for their generous gift to those who benefit from a better study of the anatomy. To our families for their unconditional support and love. Maria Peris-Celda and Francisco Martinez-Soriano

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Contents

Foreword by Michael J. Link, MD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Orientation Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii Part I Osteology of the Head and Neck 1 Adult and Fetal Skull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Maria Peris-Celda

2 Bones of the Skull and Skull Bone Articulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Maria Peris-Celda and Carolina Martins

3 Cervical Vertebrae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Maria Peris-Celda

Part II Face and Neck 4 Face: Superficial Dissection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Maria Peris-Celda

5 Face: Deep Dissection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Maria Peris-Celda and Takeshi Funaki

6 Anterior Aspect of the Neck: Superficial Dissection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Maria Peris-Celda

7 Anterior Aspect of the Neck: Deep Dissection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Maria Peris-Celda

8 Posterior Aspect of the Neck. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 Maria Peris-Celda

9 Parapharyngeal Dissection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 Maria Peris-Celda

Part III Ear, Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, and Orbit 10 External and Middle Ear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 Noritaka Komune, Maria Peris-Celda, and Carlos Diogenes Pinheiro-Neto

11 Internal Ear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 Fumitaka Yoshioka

12 Nose: Sagittal Dissection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 Maria Peris-Celda

13 Nose: Coronal Dissection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 Takeshi Funaki

14 Endonasal Endoscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 Maria Peris-Celda and Rowan Valentine

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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viii

Contents

15 Pharynx. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 Maria Peris-Celda

16 Larynx. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308 Maria Peris-Celda

17 Orbit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 Fumitaka Yoshioka

18 Eye and Orbital Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 Maria Peris-Celda

19 Internal Structure of the Eyeball . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 Maria Peris-Celda, Carlos Diogenes Pinheiro-Neto, and Edward J. Wladis

Part IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base 20 Cerebrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 Maria Peris-Celda

21 Cerebellum and Brainstem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 Ken Matsushima and Maria Peris-Celda

22 Brain, Meninges, and Sutures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394 Maria Peris-Celda

23 Cerebrovascular and Intraventricular Dissection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 Maria Peris-Celda and Alejandro Monroy-Sosa

24 Cranial Base and Craniocervical Junction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450 Fumitaka Yoshioka, Maria Peris-Celda, and Ken Matsushima

25 Sagittal and Endoscopic Dissection of the Cranial Base. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482 Maria Peris-Celda, Carlos Diogenes Pinheiro-Neto, and Rowan Valentine

26 Cranial Nerves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494 Maria Peris-Celda

27 Brain Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511 Maria Peris-Celda

28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553 Kaan Yağmurlu Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593

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Foreword

Anatomy does not exclude physiology, but physiology certainly presupposes anatomy. The phenomena that the physiologist investigates occur in special organs with quite characteristic anatomical arrangements; the various morphological parts disclosed by the anatomist are the bearers of properties or, if you will, of forces probed by the physiologist; when the physiologist has established a law, whether through physical or chemical investigation, the anatomist can still proudly state: This is the structure in which the law becomes manifest. — Rudolf Virchow 1 The foundation for success in the operating room is based on the understanding of complex anatomical relationships, normal variations that may exist, and how various pathologic entities can alter the normal anatomy, potentially putting vital structures in harm’s way. It was Dr. Albert L. Rhoton, Jr.’s life’s work and ambition to better understand the complex anatomy that surgeons face in their daily intrusions into the human body and share that knowledge with the greater medical community. One of his driving themes was the simple phrase, displayed prominently in his lab, “Every second.” His goal, shared by the many outstanding fellows who labored under his tutelage, was that somewhere in the world, every second of every day, some patient’s life was being made better by a surgeon assisted by the anatomic knowledge his lab helped elucidate and distribute. This atlas is one of those crowning achievements. Dr. Maria Peris-Celda and Professors Francisco Martinez-Soriano and Albert L. Rhoton, Jr., have compiled an incredible collection of detailed, artful dissections of the brain and head and neck. Each figure is meticulously labeled with English and Latin descriptors for easy cross-reference with other resources. Multiple views of the most complex regions of the head and neck are provided to assist in understanding. No layer of anatomy or structure is neglected. The chapters follow a logical progression through the complex anatomy of the brain, head, and neck, and will be an extremely valuable resource for students, trainees, and accomplished practitioners in neurosurgery, neurology, otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery, oral maxillofacial surgery, and plastic

and reconstructive surgery, to name just a few of the specialties that should take notice of this work. While actual anatomic dissection is undoubtedly the best way to learn anatomy, Dr. Rhoton certainly understood that anatomical prosections displayed in a 3D format would be essentially equivalent and reach a far greater audience. Thieme has done a remarkable job of formatting the 2D images in a large 11 × 12-inch format that absolutely optimizes the viewing experience for the reader. The 3D images can be projected on any 3D television or computer to take full advantage of this outstanding collection. Begun in 2011 and painstakingly assembled over the last 5 years, it is indeed sad Dr. Rhoton could not see the completed project before his death in 2016. Undoubtedly, he would be extremely pleased with the results Dr. PerisCelda and Dr. Martinez-Soriano have achieved and the knowledge that this work has the possibility to improve the lives of patients around the world, every second of every day. Those who have dissected or inspected many [bodies] have at least learnt to doubt; while others who are ignorant of anatomy and do not take the trouble to attend it are in no doubt at all. — Giovanni Battista Morgagni 2 Michael J. Link, MD Professor Departments of Neurologic Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota References 1. Rudolf Virchow. In Cellular-Pathologie, Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und fur klinische Medizin 1855;8:19, as translated in Lelland J. Rather, Cellular Pathology, Disease, Life, and Man: Selected Essays by Rudolf Virchow 1958:84. 2. Giovanni Battista Morgagni. Letter xvi, Art. 25, as translated by Benjamin Alexander. Cited in Edward W. Adams, Founders of Modern Medicine II: Giovanni Battista Morgagni, Medical Library and Historical Journal 1903;1:27.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Preface

In January 2016, one month before Professor Albert L. Rhoton, Jr. passed away, I promised him that I would do everything possible to publish this work with the quality and scientific accuracy he envisioned. I can only hope that Dr. Martinez-Soriano and I have achieved the high level that he intended. It rests now with the reader to judge this. We worked on most of the dissections for this project from 2011 to 2013. During these years, I was privileged to work with Professor Rhoton at the University of Florida as his microsurgery and endoscopic neurosurgery fellow. Thieme accepted the challenge of publishing this atlas in 2012 and the labeling process started in 2013 after a thorough selection of pictures. Professor Martinez-Soriano and his team of anatomists combined knowledge of surgical and classical anatomy and international terminology as they meticulously labeled thousands of anatomical structures in English and Latin.

Ten friends, most of them Professor Rhoton’s fellows, collaborated by contributing their dissections to chapters of this book. Their names are listed in each chapter according to the number of figures they contributed. “Accurate, gentle, and safe” are probably the most frequently heard words spoken by Professor Rhoton. Knowledge of anatomy through detailed dissections, as he said, is the way to achieve the precision required in surgery to help our patients. This work will have served its purpose even if only one person benefits from this knowledge. Maria Peris-Celda, MD, PhD

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Acknowledgments

To all the fellows of Prof. Rhoton, whose expertise and skills have helped to build the anatomical knowledge and improved dissection techniques through the years.

To Timothy Hiscock, Thieme executive editor and Elizabeth Palumbo, Thieme managing editor, and their team, for their commitment and absolute dedication to this work.

To Laura Dickinson, Margaret Barry and Jessica Striley, for their friendship, their valuable advice, and their help with this project.

To Barbara Chernow, production editor, and her team, for their expertise and help throughout the process.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Contributors

Takeshi Funaki, MD, PhD Assistant Professor Department of Neurosurgery Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Shogo-in, Sakyo-ku Kyoto, Japan Noritaka Komune, MD, PhD Kyushu University Hospital Higashi-ku Fukuoka, Japan Carolina Martins, MD, PhD Neurosurgeon Director of Research and Education Hospital Pelopidas Silveira IMIP/SES/SVS Recife, Brazil Ken Matsushima, MD Fellow Department of Neurosurgery Tokyo Medical University Tokyo, Japan Alejandro Monroy-Sosa, MD Skull-Base and Vascular Neurosurgeon Head and Neck Department National Cancer Institute of Mexico Tlalpan, Mexico

Rowan Valentine, PhD, MBBS, FRACS Otolaryngologist, head and neck surgeon Adelaide University Adelaide, South Australia Australia Edward J. Wladis, MD, FACS Associate Professor Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery Lions Eye Institute Department of Ophthalmology Albany Medical College Albany, New York Kaan Yağmurlu, MD Surgeon Department of Neurosurgery University of Florida College of Medicine Gainesville, Florida Fumitaka Yoshioka, MD Assistant Professor Department of Neurosurgery Faculty of Medicine Saga University Saga, Japan

Carlos Diogenes Pinheiro-Neto, MD, PhD Associate Professor of Otolaryngology Co-Director of the Cranial Base Surgery Albany Medical Center Albany, New York

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Orientation Abbreviations

A anterior P posterior S superior (or cranial) I inferior (or caudal) R right L left

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Osteology of the Head and Neck

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1

Adult and Fetal Skull Maria Peris-Celda

Fig. 1.1. Skull, anterior view.

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Fig. 1.2. Skull, right oblique view of the upper facial area.

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Fig. 1.3. Skull, left lateral view.

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Fig. 1.4. Skull base, inferior view.

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Fig. 1.5. Skull base, inferior view, anterior portion.

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Fig. 1.6. Skull, superior view.

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Fig. 1.7. Skull and upper cervical spine, posterior view. The vertebral artery on the right side has been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 1.8. Skull, inferior oblique view of the right side.

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Fig. 1.9. Skull base, superior view. Part of the cranium adjacent to the right middle fossa has been removed.

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I Osteology of the Head and Neck

Fig. 1.10. Skull base, superior view. Arterial, venous, and neural structures have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 1.11. Skull base, superior right oblique view. Arterial, venous, and neural structures have been represented with molding material.

Fig. 1.12. Skull base, superior view. Enlarged view of the sellar and parasellar areas.

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Fig. 1.13. Skull base, superior view. Enlarged view of the middle and posterior cranial fossae.

Fig. 1.14. Skull base, superior right oblique view. Enlarged view of the skull base in midline. * Optic strut (surgical terminology).

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Fig. 1.15. Fetal skull, anterior view.

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Fig. 1.16. Fetal skull, right lateral view.

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Fig. 1.17. Fetal skull, superior view.

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Fig. 1.18. Fetal skull, anterior superior view.

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Fig. 1.19. Fetal skull, inferior view.

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2

Bones of the Skull and Skull Bone Articulations Maria Peris-Celda and Carolina Martins

Fig. 2.1. Sphenoidal bone, superior view.

Fig. 2.2. Sphenoidal bone, inferior view.

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Fig. 2.3. Sphenoidal bone, posterior view.

Fig. 2.4. Sphenoidal bone, anterior view.

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Fig. 2.5. Sphenoidal bone, right oblique view. (*, optic strut)

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Fig. 2.6. Sphenoidal bone, superior oblique view of the left side.

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Fig. 2.7. Sphenoidal bone, left lateral view. The carotid artery has been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 2.8. Sphenoidal bone, left superior view. The carotid arteries have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 2.9. Sphenoidal bone, posterior view. The carotid arteries have been represented with molding material.

Fig. 2.10. Sphenoidal bone, anterior view. The optic nerves, maxillary nerves, and nerves of the pterygoid canal have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 2.11. Anterior view of the sphenoidal, vomer, and left palatine bones.

Fig. 2.12. Inferior view of the sphenoidal, vomer, and left palatine bones.

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Fig. 2.13. Anterior superior view of the sphenoidal, right palatine, left maxilla, and left zygomatic bones.

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Fig. 2.14. Anterior superior view of the sphenoidal, right palatine, right maxilla, and right zygomatic bones forming the inferior orbital fissure.

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Fig. 2.15. Anterior view of the sphenoidal bone, ethmoidal bone, vomer, and maxillae.

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Fig. 2.16. Anterior view of the sphenoidal, ethmoidal, and frontal bones.

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Fig. 2.17. Posterior view of the frontal, ethmoidal, and sphenoidal bones.

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Fig. 2.18. Anterior view of the sphenoidal bone, frontal bone, right zygomatic bone, and right maxilla.

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Fig. 2.19. Right anterior oblique view of the frontal bone, ethmoidal bone, maxillae, and nasal bones.

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Fig. 2.20. Right lateral view of the sphenoidal and occipital bones.

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Fig. 2.21. Superior view of the sphenoidal and occipital bones.

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Fig. 2.22. Superior view of the sphenoidal, temporal, and occipital bones.

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Fig. 2.23. Inferior view of the sphenoidal, temporal, and occipital bones.

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Fig. 2.24. Anterior view of the sphenoidal, occipital, right parietal, and right temporal bones.

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Fig. 2.25. Superior view of the left parietal, sphenoidal, occipital, and right temporal bones.

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Fig. 2.26. Right lateral view of the sphenoidal, frontal, and right zygomatic bones.

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Fig. 2.27. Right lateral view of the sphenoidal, frontal, right temporal, and right zygomatic bones.

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Fig. 2.28. Right posterolateral view of the sphenoidal, frontal, right temporal, right parietal, and right zygomatic bones.

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Fig. 2.29. Frontal bone, anterior view.

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Fig. 2.30. Frontal bone, posterior view.

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Fig. 2.31. Frontal bone, inferior view.

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Fig. 2.32. Superior view of the frontal and parietal bones.

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Fig. 2.33. Inferior view of the frontal and sphenoidal bones.

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Fig. 2.34. Inferior view of the frontal and ethmoidal bones.

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Fig. 2.35. Posterior view of the frontal and ethmoidal bones.

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Fig. 2.36. Anterior view of the frontal and ethmoidal bones.

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Fig. 2.37. Inferior view of the frontal, ethmoidal, and sphenoidal bones.

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Fig. 2.38. Right parietal bone, lateral view.

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Fig. 2.39. Right parietal bone, medial view.

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Fig. 2.40. Anterior view of the occipital and both parietal bones.

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Fig. 2.41. Posterior view of the occipital and both parietal bones.

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Fig. 2.42. Left lateral view of the temporal, parietal, and occipital bones.

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Fig. 2.43. Medial view of the right temporal, parietal, and occipital bones.

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Fig. 2.44. Occipital bone, anterior superior view.

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Fig. 2.45. Occipital bone, anterior view.

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Fig. 2.46. Occipital bone, left inferior view.

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Fig. 2.47. Occipital bone, anterior portion, superior view.

Fig. 2.48. Occipital bone, anterior oblique view.

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Fig. 2.49. Posterior oblique view of the sphenoidal, occipital, and left temporal bones. Arterial, venous, and neural structures have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 2.50. Ethmoidal bone, anterior view. (* Concha bullosa, anatomical variation.)

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Fig. 2.51. Ethmoidal bone, posterior view.

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Fig. 2.52. Ethmoidal bone, left lateral view.

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Fig. 2.53. Ethmoidal bone, superior view.

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Fig. 2.54. Ethmoidal bone, inferior view.

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Fig. 2.55. Left maxilla, lateral view.

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Fig. 2.56. Left maxilla, medial view.

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Fig. 2.57. Right maxilla, inferior view.

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Fig. 2.58. Anterior view of both maxillae.

Fig. 2.59. Inferior view of both maxillae.

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Fig. 2.60. Posterior view of both maxillae.

Fig. 2.61. Superior view of both maxillae.

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Fig. 2.62. Medial view of the left palatine bone and maxilla.

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Fig. 2.63. Medial view of the left palatine bone, left maxilla, and sphenoidal bone.

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Fig. 2.64. Medial view of the left palatine bone, ethmoidal bone divided at the level of the conchae, left inferior nasal concha, left maxilla, and left nasal bone.

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Fig. 2.65. Posterior view of the sphenoid bone, maxillae, and both palatine bones.

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Fig. 2.66. Left palatine bone, anterior view.

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Fig. 2.67. Medial view of the left palatine bone and lateral view of the right palatine bone.

Fig. 2.68. Posterior view of both palatine bones.

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Fig. 2.69. Anterior superior view of both palatine bones.

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Fig. 2.70. Right zygomatic bone, lateral view.

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Fig. 2.71. Right zygomatic bone, anterior view.

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Fig. 2.72. Right zygomatic bone medial view.

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Fig. 2.73. Superior view of both maxillae and left zygomatic bone.

Fig. 2.74. Right lateral view of the sphenoidal, right zygomatic, and right temporal bones.

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Fig. 2.75. Anterior view of the sphenoidal, right zygomatic, and right temporal bones.

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Fig. 2.76. Anterior view of the left inferior nasal concha.

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Fig. 2.77. Medial view of the right inferior nasal concha and lateral view of the left nasal concha.

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Fig. 2.78. Vomer, lateral view.

Fig. 2.79. Vomer, superior view.

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Fig. 2.80. Medial view of the vomer, ethmoidal bone, and right maxilla.

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Fig. 2.81. Posterior view of the right nasal bone and anterior view of the left nasal bone.

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Fig. 2.82. Anterior view of both nasal bones.

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Fig. 2.83. Medial view of both lacrimal bones.

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Fig. 2.84. Lateral view of the ethmoidal bone, right lacrimal bone, and right maxilla.

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Fig. 2.85. Right temporal bone, lateral view.

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Fig. 2.86. Right temporal bone, medial view.

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Fig. 2.87. Right temporal bone, anterior view.

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Fig. 2.88. Right temporal bone, inferior view.

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Fig. 2.89. Right temporal bone, superior view.

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Fig. 2.90. Right temporal bone, posterior view.

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Fig. 2.91. Right temporal bone, lateral view, and detailed view of the external acoustic meatus.

Fig. 2.92. Right temporal bone, medial view, and detailed view of the internal acoustic meatus.

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Fig. 2.93. Posterior view of both temporal bones.

Fig. 2.94. Superior view of both temporal bones.

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Fig. 2.95. Right temporal bone, medial view. Several vascular structures have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 2.96. Right temporal bone, inferior view. Several anatomic structures have been represented with molding material.

Fig. 2.97. Right temporal bone, superior view. Several anatomic structures have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 2.98. Right temporal bone, anterior view. Several anatomic structures have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 2.99. Auditory ossicles.

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Fig. 2.100. Mandible, anterior view.

Fig. 2.101. Mandible, posterior superior view.

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Fig. 2.102. Mandible, superior view.

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Fig. 2.103. Mandible, inferior view.

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Fig. 2.104. Mandible, left lateral view.

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Fig. 2.105. Lateral view of the mandible and its articulation with the right temporal bone.

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Cervical Vertebrae Maria Peris-Celda

Fig. 3.1. Cranium and cervical spine, left oblique view. The vertebral arteries have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 3.2. Cranium and cervical spine, anterior inferior view of the spine and skull base. The vertebral arteries have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 3.3. Cranium and cervical spine, posterior view of the spine and the craniocervical junction. The vertebral arteries have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 3.4. Cranium and upper cervical spine, and left view of the spine and the craniocervical junction. The vertebral arteries have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 3.5. Cervical spine, anterior view.

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Fig. 3.6. Cervical spine, right lateral view.

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Fig. 3.7. Cervical spine, posterior view.

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Fig. 3.8. Cervical spine, right lateral view. The vertebral artery has been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 3.9. C1 vertebra (atlas), anterior view.

Fig. 3.10. C1 vertebra (atlas), posterior view.

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Fig. 3.11. C1 vertebra (atlas), right lateral view.

Fig. 3.12. C1 vertebra (atlas), superior view.

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Fig. 3.13. C1 vertebra (atlas), inferior view.

Fig. 3.14. C2 vertebra (axis), anterior view.

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Fig. 3.15. C2 vertebra (axis), posterior view.

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Fig. 3.16. C2 vertebra (axis), right lateral view.

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Fig. 3.17. C2 vertebra (axis), superior view.

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Fig. 3.18. C2 vertebra (axis), inferior view.

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Fig. 3.19. C1 and C2 vertebrae, anterior view.

Fig. 3.20. C1 and C2 vertebrae, posterior view.

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Fig. 3.21. C1 and C2 vertebrae, right lateral view.

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Fig. 3.22. C1 and C2 vertebrae, superior view.

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Fig. 3.23. C1 and C2 vertebrae, superior oblique view. The vertebral artery on the right side has been represented with molding material.

Fig. 3.24. C3 vertebra, anterior view.

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Fig. 3.25. C3 vertebra, posterior view.

Fig. 3.26. C3 vertebra, right lateral view.

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Fig. 3.27. C3 vertebra, superior view.

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Fig. 3.28. C3 vertebra, inferior view.

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Fig. 3.29. C3 vertebra, superior oblique view. The cervical nerve and vertebral artery have been represented with molding material.

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Fig. 3.30. C1, C2, and C3 vertebrae, anterior view.

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Fig. 3.31. C1, C2, and C3 vertebrae, right lateral view.

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Fig. 3.32. C1, C2, and C3 vertebrae, right posterior oblique view.

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Fig. 3.33. C3 and C4 vertebrae, anterior view.

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Fig. 3.34. C3 and C4 vertebrae, right anterior oblique view.

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Fig. 3.35. C7 vertebra, superior view.

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Fig. 3.36. C7 vertebra, inferior view.

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Face and Neck

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4

Face: Superficial Dissection Maria Peris-Celda

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Fig. 4.1. Facial dissection, right anterolateral view, superficial plane. The skin and subcutaneous tissue have been removed.

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Fig. 4.2. Facial dissection, right lateral view, superficial plane. The temporal fascia layers have been exposed.

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Fig. 4.3. Detailed view of the superior part of the right facial region, lateral view. Note the relationships between the temporal branches of the facial nerve and the layers of the temporal fascia. S P

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Fig. 4.4. Detailed view of the inferior part of the right facial region, lateral view.

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Fig. 4.5. Face and neck dissection, lateral view, right side. The sternocleidomastoid muscle has been retracted laterally to expose the common carotid artery. S A

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Fig. 4.6. Detailed view of the inferior part of the face, lateral view, right side. The superficial lobe of the parotid gland has been retracted laterally to expose the facial nerve and the parotid duct.

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Fig. 4.7. Deep facial dissection, lateral view, right side. The parotid gland, masseter muscle, majority of the facial muscles, and the zygomatic arch have been removed.

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Fig. 4.8. Overview of the superficial facial region and anterolateral cervical region, left side. The platysma and sternocleidomastoid muscles have been partially removed.

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Fig. 4.9. Superficial plane of the left facial region.

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Fig. 4.10. Lateral view of the superficial plane of the left facial and cranial regions.

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Fig. 4.11. Musculature of the face, anterolateral view, left side. The zygomatic muscles, part of the orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris muscles, and buccal fat pad have been removed to expose the deep muscular plane.

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Fig. 4.12. Enlarged view of the dissection in Fig. 4.11, anterolateral view, left facial region.

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Fig. 4.13. Detailed view of the left facial and superior cervical regions, anterolateral view.

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Fig. 4.14. Lateral view of the left facial and cervical regions. The parotid gland has been removed to expose the facial nerve. The sternocleidomastoid, occipitofrontalis muscles, and epicranial aponeurosis have been partially removed.

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Fig. 4.15. Left facial region after removal of the parotid gland, lateral view.

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Fig. 4.16. Head and neck dissection, lateral view, left side. The parotid gland has been removed. Part of the sternocleidomastoid, occipitofrontalis muscles, and epicranial aponeurosis have been removed. Part of the frontal bone and frontal dura mater have been removed to expose the frontal lobe. Part of the parietal bone has been removed to expose the dura mater.

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Fig. 4.17. Anterolateral view of the right frontotemporal region. The skin, subcutaneous tissue, and part of the epicranial aponeurosis have been removed to expose the temporal fascia. Note that the temporal fascia divides anteriorly

into a superficial and deep layer. The temporal branches of the facial nerve cross the outer surface of the superficial layer of the temporal fascia to reach the frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle.

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Fig. 4.18. Anterolateral view of the right frontotemporal region. Further dissection exposes the pericranium deep to the epicranial aponeurosis.

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Fig. 4.19. Lateral view of the right frontotemporal region. The frontal pericranium and superficial layer of temporal fascia have been folded forward. The temporal fascia and temporal aponeurosis overlying the temporalis muscle have been opened to expose the muscle.

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Face: Deep Dissection Maria Peris-Celda and Takeshi Funaki

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Fig. 5.1. Cranial, facial, and cervical dissection, lateral view, left side. The facial musculature has been removed. Part of the ramus and body of the mandible have been removed to partially expose the infratemporal fossa. A craniotomy leaving the sutures and superior temporal line intact has been performed to expose the brain.

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Fig. 5.2. Detailed lateral view of the left infratemporal fossa with part of the ramus of the mandible removed.

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Fig. 5.3. Infratemporal fossa, anterolateral view, left side. The mandible and the zygomatic arch have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.4. Infratemporal fossa, lateral view, left side. The lateral pterygoid muscle has been removed. The medial pterygoid muscle has been retracted anteriorly to expose the external carotid artery and its branches.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.5. Infratemporal fossa, lateral view, left side. The ramus of the mandible and the pterygoid muscles have been removed. The mastoid process has been removed to expose the sigmoid sinus, jugular bulb, semicircular canals, and dura mater of the posterior cranial fossa.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.6. Head and neck regions, lateral view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.7. Anterolateral view of the infratemporal fossa after removal of the mandible and pterygoid muscles, left side. The maxillary artery has been retracted anteriorly and the superficial temporal artery divided. The internal carotid artery has been exposed inferior to its entrance into the cranial base.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.8. Facial and cranial regions, lateral view, left side. The left maxillary sinus has been opened. The middle cranial fossa floor has been removed with a drill to expose the anterior part of the temporal lobe.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.9. Infratemporal fossa in a different specimen. Lateral view, right side. Part of the ramus of the mandible has been removed. The mandibular canal has been opened, and the zygomatic arch removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.10. Detailed view of the right infratemporal fossa, lateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.11. Infratemporal fossa, lateral view, right side. The ramus of the mandible and posterior part of the body have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.12. Submandibular and infratemporal regions, anterior view, right side. The submandibular gland has been retracted laterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.13. Deep facial region, lateral view, right side. The oral cavity has been opened, and the carotid artery and its branches are exposed. The posterior belly of the digastric muscle has been resected.

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Fig. 5.14. Head sectioned in the coronal plane at the level of the pterygoid processes, anterior view. The infratemporal fossae have been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.15. Head sectioned in the coronal plane at the level of the pterygoid processes, anterior view, right side. The lower head of the lateral pterygoid muscle has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.16. Detailed view of the right infratemporal fossa and foramen ovale after removal of the lower head of the lateral pterygoid muscle and pterygoid venous plexus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.17. Right infratemporal fossa, anterior view. The mandible, pterygoid muscles, and the lower part of the temporal muscle have been removed. The mandibular nerve divides into its branches below the foramen ovale.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 5.18. Specimen divided in the coronal plane. The right pterygoid process has been removed, and the auditory tube has been retracted laterally to expose the lower part of the clivus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Anterior Aspect of the Neck: Superficial Dissection Maria Peris-Celda

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Fig. 6.1. Anterior and lateral cervical regions, lateral view, left side. The skin and subcutaneous tissue have been removed to expose the cervical fascia. S A

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Fig. 6.2. Anterior and lateral cervical regions, lateral view, left side. The cervical fascia has been partially removed to expose the platysma muscle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.3. Anterior cervical region (anterior cervical triangle), left side. The platysma muscle has been elevated and partially removed to expose the submen tal, submandibular, and carotid triangles. The boundaries of the anterior cervical tri angle are the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle posteriorly, the inferior border of the mandible superiorly, and the midline. The anterior cervical triangle is sub divided into submental, submandibular or digastric, muscular, and carotid triangles. The submental triangle lies between the hyoid bone inferiorly and the paired anterior bellies

of the digastric muscles. The submandibular triangle lies between the inferior border of the mandible and the anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric muscle. The carotid triangle is bounded by the posterior belly of the digastric superiorly, the superior belly of the omohyoid inferiorly, and the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid posteri orly. The muscular triangle is bounded by the superior belly of the omohyoid superiorly, the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle posteriorly, and the midline.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.4. Detailed view of the submandibular and carotid triangles, lateral view, left side. The posterior belly of the digastric muscle separates both triangles.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.5. Anterior cervical region, anterolateral view, left side. The submandibular gland has been retracted laterally to expose the hypoglossal nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.6. Overview of the anterior and lateral cervical regions, left side. The platysma muscle has been resected.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.7. Lateral cervical region (posterior cervical triangle), left side. The posterior cervical triangle is located between the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle anteriorly, the anterior border of the trapezius muscle posteriorly, and the clavicle inferiorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.8. Lateral cervical region and cervical plexus, lateral view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.9. Lateral cervical region, left side. Anterior view of the posterior cervical triangle and cervical plexus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.10. Anterior cervical and sternocleidomastoid regions, left side. The sternocleidomastoid region has been exposed by reflecting the sternocleidomastoid muscle posteriorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.11. Lateral cervical region, left side. Superior view of the posterior cervical triangle. S R

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Fig. 6.12. Lateral cervical region. Detailed anterolateral view of the posterior cervical triangle, left side. The trapezius muscle has been retracted posteriorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.13. Lateral and posterior cervical regions, left side. The skin, subcutaneous tissue, and cervical fascia have been removed. The trapezius muscle is localized in the posterior cervical region, or nuchal region.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.14. Posterior cervical region bilaterally, posterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.15. Lateral and posterior cervical regions, posterolateral view, left side. The trapezius muscle has been partially removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.16. Lateral and posterior cervical regions, posterolateral view, left side. The sternocleidomastoid muscle has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 6.17. Detailed view of the lateral and posterior cervical regions and occipital area, posterolateral view, left side. The sternocleidomastoid muscle has been removed. The occipital artery and greater and lesser occipital nerves have been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Anterior Aspect of the Neck: Deep Dissection Maria Peris-Celda

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Fig. 7.1. Anterior and lateral cervical regions, anterolateral view, left side. The sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.2. Detailed view of the inferior part of the posterior cervical triangle, anterior view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.3. Lateral cervical and subclavian regions, anterior view, left side. The middle third of the clavicle has been removed to expose the subclavian vein.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.4. Deep dissection of the neck, anterior view. Both sternocleidomastoid muscles, clavicles, and trapezius muscles have been removed. The thyrocervical trunk (*), Truncus thyrocervicalis, is incomplete in this case, and the inferior thyroid artery (not visualized in this figure) arises directly from the subclavian artery.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.5. Deep dissection of the neck, anterolateral view, left side. The left omohyoid and sternothyroid muscles have been retracted medially. The medial and middle thirds of the left clavicle have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.6. Deep dissection of the neck, anterolateral view, left side. The omohyoid and sternothyroid muscles have been retracted medially, and the internal jugular vein has been retracted laterally to expose the phrenic nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.7. Deep dissection of the neck, anterolateral view, left side. The internal jugular vein has been retracted anteriorly to expose the vagus and phrenic nerves and the brachial plexus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.8. Deep dissection of the neck, anterolateral view, right side. The sternocleidomastoid muscle has been removed, and a lower segment of the internal jugular vein and the common carotid artery have been removed to expose the vagus and phrenic nerves.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.9. Deep dissection of the neck, lateral view, right side. The sternocleidomastoid muscle has been removed, and a segment of the internal jugular vein and the common carotid artery has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.10. Deep dissection of the neck, superior anterior view, right side. The sternocleidomastoid muscle has been removed, and a segment of the internal jugular vein and carotid artery has been removed to expose the relationships of these vessels with the brachial plexus, vagus, and phrenic nerves.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.11. Deep dissection of the neck, anterolateral view, right side. The sternocleidomastoid muscle and a segment of the internal jugular vein, the common carotid artery, and the clavicle have been removed to expose the brachial plexus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.12. Anterior superior view after removing the medial and middle thirds of the right clavicle. The subclavian vein has been exposed. The pectoralis major muscle has been retracted inferiorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.13. Deep dissection of the neck, anterolateral view, right side. The clavicle and the subclavian vein have been removed to expose the subclavian artery and brachial plexus. The vagus nerve has been retracted medially to expose the inferior

thyroid artery. The right thyrocervical trunk (*) Truncus thyrocervicalis, has been exposed. This inferior thyroid artery arises directly from the subclavian artery.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.14. Deep cervical and subclavian regions, anterolateral view, right side. The brachial plexus has been exposed and elevated.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.15. Head and neck dissection, anterior view, right side. The right half of the maxilla, mandible, tongue, and oropharynx have been removed to show the prevertebral space, infratemporal fossa, and parapharyngeal space. The infra-

hyoid muscles and clavicle have been removed on both sides. A segment of the right common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.16. Enlarged view of the dissection in Fig. 7.15.

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Fig. 7.17. Deep dissection of the neck, anterior view, right side. A segment of the common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein have been removed to expose the vagus and phrenic nerves.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.18. Deep dissection of the head and neck, anterolateral view, right side. The internal jugular vein and venous plexus have been removed. The pharynx and trachea have been retracted medially to expose the laryngeal nerves. The vagus nerve and the inferior thyroid artery have been retracted medially to expose the vertebral artery.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.19. Deep dissection of the head and neck, anterolateral view, right side. The external carotid artery has been retracted anteriorly. The carotid sinus and body have been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.20. Deep dissection of the head and neck, anterior view. The right half of the pharynx and larynx has been removed to expose the prevertebral plane.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.21. Enlarged anterior view of the right infratemporal fossa and the parapharyngeal and prevertebral spaces. The external carotid artery has been retracted laterally to expose its branches.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.22. Lower cervical and upper thoracic region, anterior view, right side. The ansa subclavia and recurrent laryngeal nerve have been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.23. Lower cervical and upper thoracic region, anterior view, right side. The vagus nerve has been retracted medially to expose the vertebral artery and cervicothoracic ganglion.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.24. Parapharyngeal and prevertebral space, anterolateral view, right side. Enlarged view of the right common carotid artery bifurcation and innervation of the carotid sinus and body. The external carotid artery has been resected.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.25. Deep dissection of head and neck, anterolateral view, right side. The anterior scalene and longus colli muscles, trachea, and esophagus have been removed on the right side. The sympathetic trunk and vagus nerve have been retracted laterally. The cervical vertebrae and vertebral artery are exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.26. Deep dissection of head and neck, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.27. Lower cervical and upper thoracic region, anterior superior view. The common carotid artery has been removed on the right side. The trachea and esophagus have been divided.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.28. Deep dissection of the neck, anterior view. The cervical vertebrae are exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.29. Enlarged view of the cervicothoracic junction, anterior superior view. The internal jugular veins and subclavian veins have been removed bilaterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.30. Deep dissection of the neck, anterolateral view, left side. The sympathetic trunk and vagus nerve have been retracted medially to expose the vertebral artery entering the foramen transversarium (*, thyrocervical trunk).

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 7.31. Enlarged view of the left internal carotid artery and the internal jugular vein entering the skull base.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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8

Posterior Aspect of the Neck Maria Peris-Celda

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Fig. 8.1. Posterior cervical region, posterior view. The skin and subcutaneous tissue have been removed. The sternocleidomastoid muscle has been removed on the right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.2. Posterior cervical region, posterior view. The trapezius muscles have been removed to expose the splenius capitis muscles.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.3. Posterior cervical region, posterior view. The splenius capitis has been reflected laterally on the left side to expose the semispinalis capitis muscle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.4. Posterior cervical region, posterior view. Both splenius capitis muscles and the left semispinalis capitis have been reflected laterally to partially expose the deep muscular plane.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.5. Posterior cervical region, posterior view, deep dissection. The left semispinalis capitis has been reflected laterally to expose the suboccipital triangle bordered by the rectus capitis posterior major, the obliquus capitis superior, and the obliquus capitis inferior.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.6. Detailed view of the left suboccipital triangle, posterior view. The vertebral artery is exposed in the center of this triangle.

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Fig. 8.7. Posterior cervical region, posterolateral view, right side. Detailed view of the occipital artery and greater occipital nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.8. Posterior cervical region, posterior view. The deep muscular plane has been exposed bilaterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.9. Posterior cervical region, posterior view. The rectus capitis posterior and obliquus capitis superior muscles have been removed bilaterally. The right vertebral artery and left suboccipital venous plexus have been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.10. Posterior cervical region, posterior view. The deep musculature has been removed bilaterally. The left suboccipital venous plexus has been preserved.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.11. Posterior cervical region, posterior view. The musculature and the venous plexus have been removed bilaterally while leaving some of the muscular attachments to expose the cervical spine, dorsal rami of the cervical nerves, and arteries.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.12. Posterior cervical region, posterior view. The muscular attachments have been removed to expose the cervical nerves and cervical vertebrae.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.13. Posterolateral cervical region, left side. The cervical plexus and its branches have been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.14. Posterolateral cervical region, left side. The levator scapulae muscle has been retracted posteriorly and the internal jugular vein laterally to expose the carotid artery.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.15. Posterior cervical, suboccipital, and occipital regions, posterior view. The laminae of the cervical vertebrae have been removed to expose the cervical spinal dura mater. The occipital bone has been removed while leaving a rim of bone around the foramen magnum. The vertebral artery has been exposed in the foramen transversarium on the right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.16. Posterior cervical and suboccipital regions, posterior view. The dura mater and the arachnoid have been opened and reflected to the right side to expose the cerebellum and spinal cord.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.17. Deep dissection of the head and neck, posterolateral view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.18. Enlarged view of the deep dissection of head and neck, posterolateral view, left side. Note the relationships of the vertebral artery to the C1 and C2 vertebrae.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.19. Posterior cervical region, deep dissection, posterior view. The articular processes of the right cervical vertebrae have been removed to expose the cervical nerve roots and the vertebral artery ascending through the foramen transversarium.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 8.20. Posterior cervical region, deep dissection, posterolateral view, left side. Detailed view of the relationship of the vertebral artery to the occipital bone, C1, C2 vertebrae, and C1 and C2 nerves.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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9

Parapharyngeal Dissection Maria Peris-Celda

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Fig. 9.1. Pharynx and parapharyngeal space, posterior view. The cervical spine, spinal cord, and cerebellum have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 9.2. Inferior part of the pharynx and parapharyngeal space, posterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 9.3. Detailed view of the superior part of the parapharyngeal space, posterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 9.4. Superior part of the parapharyngeal space on the left side, posterior view. The superior cervical ganglion has been retracted laterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 9.5. Detailed view of the superior part of the parapharyngeal space, left side. The superior cervical ganglion and the vagus nerve have been retracted laterally to expose the internal and external branches of the superior laryngeal nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 9.6. Detailed view of the superior part of the parapharyngeal space and part of the infratemporal fossa, posterior view, left side. The accessory nerve has been retracted laterally. The pharynx has been divided at the level of the hyoid bone and has been opened posteriorly in midline.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 9.7. Detailed view of the right parapharyngeal space, posterolateral view. The internal carotid artery has been retracted posteriorly to expose the carotid bifurcation.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 9.8. Carotid bifurcation, lateral view, right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 9.9. Anterior cervical region and carotid bifurcation, anterolateral view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 9.10. Pharynx and parapharyngeal space, posterior view. The posterior wall of the pharynx, larynx, and esophagus has been opened.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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III

Ear, Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, and Orbit

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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10 External and Middle Ear

Noritaka Komune, Maria Peris-Celda, and Carlos Diogenes Pinheiro-Neto

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Fig. 10.1. Auricle, lateral view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 10.2. Auricular cartilage and external acoustic meatus, lateral view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 10.3. Auricular cartilage and tympanic membrane, medial view, left side.

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Fig. 10.4. Auricular cartilage and external acoustic meatus, anterior view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 10.5. Auricular cartilage and external acoustic meatus, posterior view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 10.6. Tympanic membrane of a healthy adult, right side. (*, no equivalent in International Anatomical Terminology)

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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10 External and Middle Ear

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Fig. 10.7. Endoscopic image of the middle ear on the right side. The tympanic membrane has been removed. Zero-degree endoscope.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 10.8. Endoscopic image of the middle ear on the right side. The tympanic membrane has been removed. Zero-degree endoscope.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 10.9. Middle ear on the right side, lateral view. The mastoid has been drilled to expose the semicircular canals, and the tympanic membrane has been removed to expose the tympanic cavity.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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11 Internal Ear Fumitaka Yoshioka

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Fig. 11.1. Lateral view of the right external ear.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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11 Internal Ear

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Fig. 11.2. The right auricle has been retracted anteriorly, and the skin and subcutaneous tissue have been removed.

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Fig. 11.3. The right auricle has been removed to expose the external acoustic meatus. The sternocleidomastoid muscle has been removed. The mastoid process is exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 11.4. Superficial drilling of the right mastoid process has been performed to expose the mastoid air cells.

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Fig. 11.5. The aditus ad antrum has been exposed on the right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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11 Internal Ear

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Fig. 11.6. The incus, facial nerve, and chorda tympani have been exposed through the mastoid on the right side. S P

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Fig. 11.7. The semicircular canals, sigmoid sinus, facial nerve, auditory ossicles, posterior fossa, and middle fossa dura mater have been exposed through the mastoid process, right side. (For the internal ear dissection through the middle cranial fossa, see Chapters 24 and 25.)

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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12 Nose: Sagittal Dissection Maria Peris-Celda

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Fig. 12.1. Specimen divided on the sagittal plane through the left nasal cavity. View of the left nasal cavity and cranial base.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 12.2. Specimen divided on the sagittal plane through the left nasal cavity. Medial view of the left nasal cavity, septum, and cranial base.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 12.3. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. View of the left nasal cavity and cranial base. The middle nasal concha has been removed, leaving its attachment. A probe shows the drainage pathway of the frontal sinus into the middle meatus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 12.4. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. View of the left nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The uncinate process has been removed and the opening of the maxillary sinus exposed. S P

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Fig. 12.5. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. Enlarged view of the left half of the sphenoidal sinus. (*, Onodi cell)

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 12.6. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. View of the left nasal cavity and cranial base. Some ethmoidal cells and the middle and inferior turbinates have been removed, leaving their attachments.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 12.7. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. View of the left nasal cavity and cranial base. The left ethmoid cells and anterior wall of the sphenoidal sinus have been removed. The sphenopalatine foramen has been exposed.

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Fig. 12.8. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. View of the left nasal cavity, orbit, paranasal sinuses, and cranial base. The bone forming the medial and inferior walls of the orbit has been removed and the periorbita divided to expose the orbital fat. The maxillary sinus has been opened.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 12.9. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. View of the left side of the cranial base, orbit, and paranasal sinuses. The fat in the left orbit has been removed to expose the eyeball and extraocular muscles.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 12.10. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. View of the left side of the cranial base, orbit, and paranasal sinuses. The medial rectus muscle has been elevated to expose the optic nerve.

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Fig. 12.11. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. The bone in the lateral wall of the left sphenoidal sinus has been removed to expose the outer layer of the dura mater.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 12.12. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. The outer layer of the dura mater in the medial wall of the left cavernous sinus has been removed to expose the contents of the sinus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 12.13. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. View of the left side of the nasal septum.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 12.14. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. The mucosa of the left side of the nasal septum has been removed to expose the osseous and cartilaginous parts of the nasal septum. S A

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Fig. 12.15. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. The nasal septum has been removed to expose the right nasal cavity.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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13 Nose: Coronal Dissection Takeshi Funaki

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Fig. 13.1. Coronal section at the level of the sphenoidal sinus, pterygoid process, posterior choanae, and infratemporal fossa, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 13.2. Coronal section, anterior view. The right pterygoid process has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 13.3. Coronal section, anterior view. The right auditory tube has been retracted laterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 13.4. Coronal section, anterior view. The auditory tubes have been retracted laterally to expose the clivus, and atlanto-occipital joints.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 13.5. Coronal section, anterior view. The inferior third of the clivus has been drilled and the dura mater opened to expose the jugular foramina, the hypoglossal canals, vertebral arteries, and medulla. The posterior wall of the sphenoidal sinus has been removed to expose the pituitary gland and internal carotid arteries covered by dura mater.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 13.6. Coronal section, anterior view. The clivus and dura mater have been removed to expose the brainstem. The auditory tubes and cervical portion of the internal carotid arteries have been retracted laterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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14 Endonasal Endoscopy Maria Peris-Celda and Rowan Valentine

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Fig. 14.1. Endoscopic endonasal view of the left nasal cavity. Zero-degree endoscope.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 14.2. Endoscopic anterior view of the osseous structure of the nose.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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14 Endonasal Endoscopy

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Fig. 14.3. Endoscopic endonasal view of the left middle meatus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 14.4. Endoscopic view of the left middle meatus in a skull.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 14.5. Endoscopic endonasal view of the left nasal cavity. The middle turbinate has been retracted laterally to expose the superior and supreme turbinates.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 14.6. Endoscopic endonasal view of the left nasal cavity. The superior turbinate has been retracted laterally to expose the opening of the sphenoidal sinus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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14 Endonasal Endoscopy

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Fig. 14.7. Endoscopic endonasal view of the opening of the left nasolacrimal duct in the inferior meatus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 14.8. Endoscopic endonasal view of the opening of the left nasolacrimal duct in the inferior meatus in a skull.

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Fig. 14.9. Endoscopic endonasal view of the lateral and superior aspect of the left choana.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 14.10. Endoscopic endonasal view of the left nasal cavity, view of the choana.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 14.11. Endoscopic endonasal view of the superior aspect of the left choana in a skull.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 14.12. Endoscopic endonasal view of the left side of the nasopharynx.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 14.13. Endoscopic endonasal view of the posterior inferior part of the nasopharynx.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 14.14. Endoscopic endonasal view of the craniocervical junction, atlas, and axis through the left nasal cavity in a skull.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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15 Pharynx Maria Peris-Celda

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Fig. 15.1. Sagittal section. Medial view of the pharynx and oral cavity, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 15.2. Sagittal section. Medial view of the pharynx and oral cavity, right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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15 Pharynx

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Fig. 15.3. Sagittal section. Medial view of the pharynx and oral cavity, right side. The mucosa has been removed and the uvula retracted superiorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 15.4. Sagittal section. Medial view of the pharynx and oral cavity, right side. The uvula has been retracted superiorly, and part of the pharyngeal musculature has been retracted anteriorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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15 Pharynx

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Fig. 15.5. Sagittal section. Medial view of the pharynx and oral cavity, left side. The tongue has been retracted medially.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 15.6. Sagittal section. Anteromedial view of the oral cavity, left side. The tongue has been retracted medially and the mucosa resected.

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Fig. 15.7. Sagittal section. Medial view of the pharynx and oral cavity, left side. The carotid artery has been exposed laterally to the pharynx. The pharynx has been retracted anteriorly. The tongue has been dissected to expose the deep lingual artery.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 15.8. Sagittal section. Medial view of the oral cavity and oropharynx after removal of the tongue, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 15.9. Sagittal section. Enlarged medial view of the oral cavity and oropharynx after removal of the tongue and posterior aspect of the oropharynx, left side.

S P

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Fig. 15.10. Sagittal section. Anteromedial view of the oral cavity and oropharynx after removal of the tongue and posterior aspect of the oropharynx. The pterygoid venous plexus has been removed, and the internal and external carotid arteries have been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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16 Larynx Maria Peris-Celda

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Fig. 16.1. Anterior view of the larynx, trachea, and thyroid gland after partial resection of the infrahyoid muscles.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.2. Larynx, trachea, thyroid gland, and esophagus after partial resection of the infrahyoid muscles, lateral view, right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.3. Larynx, posterior view. The laryngopharynx and esophagus have been opened and the mucosa has been removed on the right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.4. Larynx and trachea, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.5. Larynx and trachea, lateral view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.6. Larynx and trachea, posterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.7. Larynx, anterior oblique view, left side. The thyrohyoid membrane and part of the thyroid cartilage have been removed on the left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.8. Larynx, posterior oblique view, left side. The thyrohyoid membrane, part of the hyoid bone and part of the thyroid cartilage have been removed on the left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.9. Larynx and trachea, lateral view, left side. A portion of the larynx above the cricoid cartilage has been divided in midline. The cricothyroid muscle has been resected on the left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.10. Larynx and trachea, anterior view. A portion of the larynx above the cricoid cartilage has been removed on the left side. The cricothyroid muscle has been resected on the left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.11. Right half of the larynx above the cricoid cartilage, medial view. The mucosa has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.12. Larynx, anterior oblique view, left side. Part of the larynx above the cricoid cartilage has been removed, and the arytenoid cartilages have been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.13. Larynx, posterior view. A portion of the left half of the larynx above the cricoid cartilage and the muscles have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.14. Larynx, lateral view, right side. Part of the thyroid cartilage has been removed on the right side and the cricothyroid muscle divided.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.15. Medial view of the right side of the larynx. The thyroid cartilage has been almost completely resected.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.16. Larynx, lateral view, right side. The muscles have been removed. The thyroid cartilage, hyoid bone, and epiglottis have been partially removed bilaterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.17. Larynx, superior view. The muscles have been removed. The thyroid cartilage, hyoid bone, and epiglottis have been partially removed bilaterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 16.18. Larynx, posterior view. The muscles have been removed. The thyroid cartilage, hyoid bone, and epiglottis have been partially removed bilaterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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17 Orbit

Fumitaka Yoshioka

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Fig. 17.1. Left orbicular area after removal of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, lateral view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.2. Dissection of the superior part of the face, lateral view, left side. The orbicularis oculi muscle has been retracted anteriorly.

S A

P I

Fig. 17.3. Left orbit, lateral view. The lateral wall of the orbit has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.4. Left orbit, lateral view. The lateral orbital wall, periorbita, and fat have been removed and the lateral rectus muscle elevated. S P

A I

Fig. 17.5. Left orbit, lateral view. The lateral rectus muscle has been retracted inferiorly to expose the optic nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.6. The orbit in continuity with the middle cranial fossa, lateral view, left side. The brain has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.7. Left orbit and cranial base, inferior view. The inferior and medial walls of the orbit have been removed and the intraorbital contents exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.8. Right orbit, inferior view. The inferior and medial walls of the orbit have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.9. Right orbit, inferior view. The inferior and medial rectus muscles have been retracted to expose the ophthalmic artery and its branches. The central retinal artery enters the inferior surface of the optic nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.10. Right orbit, inferior view. The inferior rectus muscle has been retracted laterally to expose the central retinal artery and branch of the oculomotor nerve to the medial rectus muscle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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L P

Fig. 17.11. Right orbit, inferior view. The inferior rectus muscle has been retracted medially.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.12. Anterior cranial fossa, superior view. The right orbital roof has been removed and the periorbita opened. The roof of the frontal sinus, ethmoidal cells, and sphenoidal sinus have been opened on the right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.13. Orbit and middle cranial fossa, superior view, right side. The middle fossa floor has been opened to expose the structures in the infratemporal fossa.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.14. Orbit and middle cranial fossa, superior view, right side. The levator palpebrae superioris muscle has been retracted medially.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.15. Right orbital apex, superior view. The frontal nerve, the trochlear nerve, and the superior rectus muscle have been retracted medially.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.16. Right orbital apex, lateral view. The frontal nerve, the trochlear nerve, and the superior rectus muscle have been retracted superiorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.17. Right orbit superior view. The levator palpebrae superioris and the superior rectus muscle have been retracted medially.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.18. Medial part of the right orbit and adjacent paranasal sinuses, superior view. The roof of the ethmoid, frontal, and sphenoidal sinuses has been removed, and the ethmoidal arteries exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.19. Right orbit, superior view of the posterior portion. The optic and nasociliary nerves have been retracted medially to expose the ophthalmic artery and the inferior branch of the oculomotor nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.20. Right orbit, superior view. The extraocular muscles have been divided near the eyeball and retracted posteriorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.21. Right orbit, superior view of the posterior portion. The extraocular muscles have been divided near the eyeball and retracted posteriorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 17.22. Right orbit and cranial base, superior view. The extraocular muscles have been divided near the eyeball and retracted posteriorly. A segment of the intraorbital part of the optic nerve and the right half of the optic chiasm have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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18 Eye and Orbital Contents Maria Peris-Celda

S R

L I

Fig. 18.1. Left orbit, anterior view. The skin and subcutaneous tissues have been removed to expose the orbicularis oculi muscle. This muscle has been removed on the lateral aspect of the orbit.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 18.2. Left orbit, anterior view. The anterior wall of the maxillary sinus has been opened and the nasolacrimal duct exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 18.3. Isolated eye and palpebrae, anterior view. The medial aspect of the orbicularis oculi has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 18.4. Orbital contents, superior view, left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 18.5. Orbital contents, superior view, left side. The levator palpebrae superioris has been retracted anteriorly and the lacrimal gland laterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 18.6. Orbital contents, superior view, left side. The levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscle have been retracted anteriorly and the lacrimal gland laterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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III Ear, Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, and Orbit

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Fig. 18.7. Orbital contents, lateral view, left side. The levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscle have been retracted anteriorly, the lacrimal gland laterally, and the lateral rectus muscle inferiorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 18.8. Orbital contents, inferior view, left side.

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Fig. 18.9. Left eyeball and attached muscles anterior view.

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19 Internal Structure of the Eyeball Maria Peris-Celda, Carlos Diogenes Pinheiro-Neto, and Edward J. Wladis

Fig. 19.1. Right eyeball and optic nerve, anterior view.

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Fig. 19.2. Right eyeball and optic nerve, lateral view.

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Fig. 19.3. Internal view of each half of the right eyeball divided in the coronal plane.

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Fig. 19.4. Posterior view of the anterior half of the right eyeball. The retina has been elevated from the choroid and sclera.

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Fig. 19.5. Posterior view of the anterior half of the right eyeball. The lens has been elevated.

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Fig. 19.6. Posterior view of the anterior half of the right eyeball. The lens has been retracted laterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 19.7. Funduscopic exam in a healthy adult, left eye.

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IV

Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

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20 Cerebrum Maria Peris-Celda

S R

L I

Fig. 20.1. Cerebrum, anterior view.

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Fig. 20.2. Cerebrum, left lateral view.

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Fig. 20.3. Cerebrum, left superolateral view.

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Fig. 20.4. Cerebrum, superior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 20.5. Cerebrum, posterior view.

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Fig. 20.6. Cerebrum, posterior inferior view.

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Fig. 20.7. Cerebrum, inferior view.

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Fig. 20.8. Cerebrum, right inferior oblique view.

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Fig. 20.9. Cerebrum, right anterior oblique view. The temporal lobe has been retracted inferiorly to expose the limen insulae.

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Fig. 20.10. Medial aspect of the right temporal lobe and limen insulae. The uncus has been retracted inferiorly.

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Fig. 20.11. Cerebrum, inferior view at the level of the midbrain and mesial temporal lobes. The temporal lobe on the right side has been retracted laterally to expose the fimbria of the hippocampus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 20.12. Cerebrum, left lateral view. The temporal lobe and part of the frontal and parietal lobes have been resected to expose the insula. The precentral and postcentral gyri have been preserved.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 20.13. Cerebrum, inferior view. Part of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes on the right side have been removed to expose the insula and lower portion of the thalamus. The temporal lobe on the left side has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 20.14. Cerebrum divided in the midsagittal plane, right hemisphere, medial oblique view.

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Fig. 20.15. Enlarged view of the right uncus.

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Fig. 20.16. Enlarged view of the right uncus and hippocampus. The cortex of the parahippocampal gyrus has been partially resected to expose the fimbria of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus.

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Fig. 20.17. Cerebrum divided in the midsagittal plane, right hemisphere, medial aspect. The cortex of the parahippocampal gyrus has been partially resected to expose the fimbria and dentate gyrus. The right optic tract has been exposed.

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Fig. 20.18. Cerebrum divided in the midsagittal plane, right hemisphere, medial aspect. The cortex of the parahippocampal gyrus has been partially resected to expose the fimbria and dentate gyrus. The occipital and parietal lobes have been removed, and the crus of fornix can be visualized by retracting posteriorly the splenium of corpus callosum.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 20.19. Brain divided in the midsagittal plane, medial view of the left hemisphere.

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21 Cerebellum and Brainstem Ken Matsushima and Maria Peris-Celda

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Fig. 21.1. Cerebellum and brainstem, superior view.

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21 Cerebellum and Brainstem

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Fig. 21.2. Cerebellum and brainstem, inferior view.

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Fig. 21.3. Cerebellum and brainstem, anterior view.

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Fig. 21.4. Anterior view of the right cerebellopontine angle.

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Fig. 21.5. Cerebellum and brainstem, anterior view. The right side of the brainstem has been resected to expose the fourth ventricle.

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Fig. 21.6. Cerebellum and brainstem, posterior view.

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21 Cerebellum and Brainstem

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Fig. 21.7. Cerebellum and brainstem, left lateral view.

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Fig. 21.8. Midsagittal section of the cerebellum and brainstem, medial view.

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Fig. 21.9. Cerebellum and medulla, posterior inferior view. The left cerebellar tonsil has been retracted laterally, and the choroid plexus and choroid membrane are exposed.

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Fig. 21.10. Cerebellum and medulla, posterior inferior view. The left cerebellar tonsil has been resected, and the inferior medullary velum, choroid plexus, and choroid membrane are exposed.

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Fig. 21.11. Cerebellum and medulla, posterior inferior view. The left cerebellar tonsil, the choroid plexus, and the choroid membrane have been resected. The fourth ventricle has been exposed.

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22 Brain, Meninges, and Sutures Maria Peris-Celda

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Fig. 22.1. Superior part of the head, lateral view, left side. The bones of the calvaria have been removed, keeping the suture lines and superior temporal line to expose the brain. Note the relationship of the sutures with the facial nerve and superficial temporal artery.

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22 Brain, Meninges, and Sutures

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Fig. 22.2. Lateral view of the sutures of the calvaria and underlying brain, left side.

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Fig. 22.3. Superior view of the sutures of the calvaria and underlying brain. The superior sagittal sinus has been preserved.

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22 Brain, Meninges, and Sutures

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Fig. 22.4. Posterior view of the sutures of the calvaria and underlying brain. The dural sinuses have been preserved.

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Fig. 22.5. Lateral view of the dura mater and middle meningeal artery, right side.

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23 Cerebrovascular and Intraventricular Dissection Maria Peris-Celda and Alejandro Monroy-Sosa

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Fig. 23.1. Left cerebral hemisphere, lateral view.

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Fig. 23.2. Brain, superior view.

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Fig. 23.3. Brain, inferior view. The brainstem has been divided at the level of the midbrain.

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Fig. 23.4. The main arteries that supply the brain (including the cerebral arterial circle), anterior view.

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Fig. 23.5. Brain, left lateral view. The frontal, parietal, and temporal opercula have been removed to expose the insula and middle cerebral artery branches.

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Fig. 23.6. Right side of the brain, lateral view. Part of the right hemisphere has been divided in the axial plane to expose the lateral ventricle. The superior frontal gyrus has been removed on the left side.

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Fig. 23.7. Superior view of the dissection in Fig. 23.6. The right lateral ventricle, insula, and superior aspect of the temporal lobe are exposed.

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Fig. 23.8. Lateral view of the right middle cerebral artery and its branches in the insula.

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Fig. 23.9. Inferior surface of the cerebrum, right side. The temporal lobe has been partially removed and the lateral ventricle exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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408

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Fig. 23.10. Inferior view of the right internal carotid artery bifurcation in anterior and middle cerebral arteries.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.11. Left cerebral hemisphere, lateral view. The superior half has been removed to expose the falx and the lateral ventricle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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410

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Fig. 23.12. Left cerebral hemisphere, lateral view. Part of the left hemisphere has been removed to expose the lateral ventricle. The falx has been removed to expose the medial aspect of the right hemisphere.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.13. Temporal horn of the left lateral ventricle and hippocampus. The choroid plexus has been retracted superiorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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412

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Fig. 23.14. Atrium of the left lateral ventricle. The choroid plexus has been retracted superiorly and medially.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.15. Posterior aspect of the left lateral ventricle. The choroid plexus has been retracted anteriorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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414

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Fig. 23.16. Left hippocampus. The choroid fissure has been opened on the forniceal side to expose the ambient and quadrigeminal cisterns.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.17. Superior view of the brain divided in the axial plane. The brain has been dissected to expose the entire left ventricle and the frontal horn and body of the right ventricle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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416

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Fig. 23.18. Body of the lateral ventricles, superior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.19. Body of the lateral ventricles, superior view. The fornices have been split in midline to expose the internal cerebral veins.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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418

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Fig. 23.20. Body of the lateral ventricles, superior view. The right internal cerebral vein has been exposed by opening the right choroidal fissure between the choroid plexus and the fornix.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.21. Superior view of the third ventricle. The thalami and internal cerebral veins have been retracted laterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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420

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Fig. 23.22. Overview of the lateral ventricles and third ventricle, superior view. The left thalamus has been resected to expose the vascular structures in the perimesencephalic cisterns. A L

R P

Fig. 23.23. Left hippocampus, posterior oblique view. The thalamus has been resected.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.24. Third ventricle, superior view. The fornices have been resected.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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422

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Fig. 23.25. Left hippocampus and tentorial incisura, lateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.26. Left lateral view of the brainstem, hippocampus, cranial base, and tentorium. The left cerebral hemisphere has been removed, leaving the main cerebral arteries.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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424

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Fig. 23.27. Superior view of the cranial base and cerebrovascular structures, midbrain, and third ventricle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.28. Superior view of the tentorium, third ventricle, and midbrain.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.29. Superior view of the anterior aspect of the third ventricle and optic chiasm. The premammillary area has been resected to expose the basilar artery.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.30. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane, left lateral view. The cingulate gyrus has been preserved and the falx cerebri exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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428

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Fig. 23.31. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. Left anterior oblique view of the precallosal and infracallosal areas.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.32. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. Left lateral view of the sellar, supra-, and infrachiasmatic areas.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.33. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. Left superior oblique view of the lateral ventricle and interventricular foramen.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.34. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane, left lateral view. The lateral, third, and fourth ventricles are exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.35. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane, left lateral view. Enlarged view of the third ventricle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.36. Specimen divided in the sagittal plane. Posterior view of the third ventricle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.37. Anterior view of both cerebral hemispheres and the brainstem and cerebellum. Part of the frontal and temporal lobes has been resected to show the arteries of the brain.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.38. Enlarged view of the cerebral arterial circle, inferior view of the brain.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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436

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Fig. 23.39. Left lateral view of the brain. The left cerebral hemisphere has been partially resected, preserving the insula.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.40. Left lateral view of the mesencephalon, the superior part of the pons, and related neurovascular structures.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.41. Posterior inferior view of the brain. The left hemisphere has been partially resected, and the insula has been preserved. Note the venous structures around the splenium of the corpus callosum.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.42. Brainstem and cerebellum, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.43. Brainstem and cerebellum, left lateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.44. Brainstem and cerebellum, left anterolateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.45. Brainstem and cerebellum, superior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.46. Brainstem and cerebellum, right superolateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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444

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Fig. 23.47. Enlarged view of the superior aspect of the brainstem and cerebellum.

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Fig. 23.48. Brainstem and cerebellum, posterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.49. Brainstem and cerebellum, inferior view. S P

A I

Fig. 23.50. Right cerebellopontine angle, lateral view. The dissector has been placed to open and expose the lateral aperture of the lateral recess.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.51. Right cerebellopontine angle, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.52. Cerebellar tonsils and medulla, posterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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448

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Fig. 23.53. Cerebellar tonsils and medulla, posterior view. The tonsils have been elevated to expose the inferior medullary velum and tela choroidea.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 23.54. Lateral view of the left tonsil and medulla. The cerebellum has been divided in midline.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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24 Cranial Base and Craniocervical Junction Fumitaka Yoshioka, Maria Peris-Celda, and Ken Matsushima

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Fig. 24.1. Cranial base, superior view. The cerebral hemispheres have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.2. Superior view of the anterior cranial fossa and part of the middle cranial fossa.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.3. The middle cranial fossa on the right side, superior view. The dura mater has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.4. Anterior and middle cranial fossae, superior view. The anterior cranial fossa bone has been removed with a drill to expose the frontal and ethmoidal sinuses and the orbit on the right side. The dura mater has been resected on the right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.5. Middle cranial fossa on the right side, superior view. The bone has been partially removed with a drill to expose the carotid artery, internal and middle ear structures, and the vestibulocochlear, intermediate and facial nerves. The anterior semicircular canal is also known as superior semicircular canal.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.6. Enlarged view of the dissection in Fig. 24.5. The facial nerve has been retracted laterally in the internal acoustic meatus to expose the cochlear nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.7. Middle cranial fossa on the right side, superior view. The floor of the middle fossa has been completely removed on the anterior part to expose the infratemporal fossa contents.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.8. Middle cranial fossa on the right side, superior view. The trigeminal ganglion has been retracted laterally to expose the petrous part of the internal carotid artery medial to it.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.9. Middle cranial fossa and parasellar area on the right side, lateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.10. Middle cranial fossa on the right side, lateral view. The dura mater has been removed to expose the trigeminal ganglion and cavernous sinus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.11. Middle cranial fossa on the right side, lateral view. The cavernous sinus has been exposed, and the anterior clinoid process has been removed. The sphenoidal sinus has been opened. The floor of the middle fossa has been removed to expose the infratemporal fossa.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.12. Enlarged view of the motor and sensory roots of the trigeminal nerve, lateral view, right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.13. Overview of the middle cranial fossa, right side. The maxillary nerve has been retracted laterally to visualize the nerve of the pterygoid canal through the opened sphenoidal sinus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.14. Enlarged lateral view of the sellar and parasellar areas, right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.15. Overview of the sellar and parasellar areas, right side. The trigeminal ganglion has been retracted laterally to expose the petrolingual and petrosphenoidal ligaments. (*Note: the petrolingual and petrosphenoidal ligaments do not have equivalents in International Anatomical Terminology.)

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.16. Lateral view of the right pterygopalatine fossa through the middle fossa after removal of the middle fossa floor.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.17. Lateral view of the right pterygopalatine fossa through the middle fossa. Detail of the nerve of the pterygoid canal. The maxillary nerve has been retracted superiorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.18. Posterior cranial fossa, posterior view of the brainstem and spinal cord. The cerebellum has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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468

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Fig. 24.19. Posterior cranial fossa, posterior view of the brainstem and spinal cord. Part of the medulla has been removed to expose the clival surface and the right vertebral artery.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.20. Posterior fossa, posterior oblique view of the right side. Cranial nerves III to XII are exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.21. Posterior fossa, posterior view. Part of the brainstem and the spinal cord have been removed to expose the cranial nerves and vascular structures.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.22. Posterior fossa, posterior view. Enlarged view of the lower cranial nerves on the left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c024.indd 471

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472

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Fig. 24.23. Upper part of the posterior fossa, posterior view. The brainstem has been almost completely removed to expose the basilar artery and cranial nerves.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.24. Lower part of the posterior fossa, posterior view. The brainstem has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.25. Posterior fossa and craniocervical junction, posterior view. The brainstem has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.26. Posterior fossa and craniocervical junction, posterior view. The dura mater has been partially removed. The tectorial membrane is exposed on the left side and has been removed on the right side to expose the cruciate ligament.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.27. Craniocervical junction, posterior view. The dura mater and tectorial membrane have been removed to expose the cruciate ligament.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.28. Craniocervical junction, posterior view. The cruciate ligament has been removed on the left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.29. Craniocervical junction, posterior view. Further dissection provides exposure of the dens on the left side, and the apical and alar ligaments.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.30. Craniocervical junction, posterior view. The dens is completely exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.31. Craniocervical junction, posterior view. The left part of the dens has been removed with a drill.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 24.32. Craniocervical junction, posterior view. The dens, anterior arch of C1, and part of the body of C2 have been removed. The pharynx can be visualized.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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and Endoscopic Dissection of the 25 Sagittal Cranial Base Maria Peris-Celda, Carlos Diogenes Pinheiro-Neto, and Rowan Valentine

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Fig. 25.1. Specimen divided in the midsagittal plane, medial view of the left side. The cranial base, nose, and oral cavity are exposed. The medial wall of the orbit and maxillary sinus have been resected. The medial wall of the cavernous sinus has been removed to expose the internal carotid artery. Part of the clivus has been removed with a drill, leaving the cortical bone.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 25.2. Specimen divided in the midsagittal plane, medial view of the left side. The auditory tube has been retracted posteriorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 25.3. Specimen divided in the midsagittal plane, medial view of the left side. A segment of the cavernous part of the internal carotid artery has been resected to expose the nerves in the cavernous sinus. The pterygopalatine fossa has been opened and most of the pterygoid process removed. The auditory tube has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 25.4. Specimen divided in the midsagittal plane, medial view of the left side. The tensor veli palatini muscle has been removed and the mandibular nerve exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 25.5. Medial view of the left cavernous sinus after removal of a segment of the cavernous part of the internal carotid artery. The petrous part of the internal carotid artery can be visualized.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 25.6. Specimen divided in the midsagittal plane, medial view of the left side. The cervical part of the carotid artery has been retracted medially to expose the glossopharyngeal nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 25.7. Endoscopic endonasal view of the sphenoidal sinus. The sphenoidal sinus septation and the mucosa have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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25 Sagittal and Endoscopic Dissection of the Cranial Base

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Fig. 25.8. Endoscopic endonasal view of the sphenoidal sinus. The bone above and over the pituitary gland has been removed, and the outer layer of the dura mater divided and retracted laterally. The intercavernous sinus has been exposed. (*, dura mater, outer layer; **, inner layer)

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 25.9. Endoscopic endonasal view, anterior cranial base. The septum, ethmoidal sinus, and sphenoidal sinus have been completely resected. The dura mater has been removed to expose the pituitary gland, carotid arteries, and inferomedial aspect of the frontal lobes. The periorbita has been exposed bilaterally.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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25 Sagittal and Endoscopic Dissection of the Cranial Base

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Fig. 25.10. Endoscopic endonasal view of the pons. The septum, ethmoidal sinus, and sphenoidal sinus have been completely resected. The upper and middle portions of the clivus have been removed with a drill, and the dura mater has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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492

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Fig. 25.11. Endoscopic endonasal view of the brainstem after removal of the clivus and dura mater. The anterior arch of the atlas has been partially removed, leaving a thin rim of bone, and the dens has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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25 Sagittal and Endoscopic Dissection of the Cranial Base

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Fig. 25.12. Endoscopic endonasal view of the spinal cord after removal of the anterior arch of the atlas and the dens.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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26 Cranial Nerves Maria Peris-Celda

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Fig. 26.1. Enlarged view of the left jugular foramen. The internal jugular vein has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 26.2. Posterolateral view of the left side of the head and neck. The zygomatic arch and the ramus of the mandible have been resected. The brain, brainstem, and spinal cord are exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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496

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Fig. 26.3. Lateral view of the midbrain and upper part of the pons on the left side. Note the course of cranial nerves III to VI.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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26 Cranial Nerves

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Fig. 26.4. Overview of the brainstem, spinal cord, and posterior fossa, posterior view. The external ear and part of the temporal bone on the left side have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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498

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Fig. 26.5. Brainstem and spinal cord, posterior view. Note the course of cranial nerves IX to XI in the jugular foramen on the left side. The vertebral artery has been retracted inferiorly on the left side to expose the lateral atlantoaxial joint.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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26 Cranial Nerves

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Fig. 26.6. Left posterolateral view of the same dissection in Fig. 26.4.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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500

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Fig. 26.7. Posterolateral view of the left carotid artery and lower cranial nerves.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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26 Cranial Nerves

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Fig. 26.8. Superior view of the anterior cranial base. The bone over the ethmoidal sinuses and the orbit has been removed. The ethmoidal cells have been opened and the orbital fat has been removed on the left side. The mucosa of the sinuses and the orbital fat have been partially preserved on the right side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Fig. 26.9. Cranial base and midbrain, posterior superior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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26 Cranial Nerves

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Fig. 26.10. Superior view of the anterior part of the midbrain and dorsum sellae. Note the origin of the trigeminal and oculomotor nerves.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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504

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Fig. 26.11. Superior view of the midbrain, middle cranial base, and part of the anterior cranial base. The middle cranial fossa floor has been removed on the left side, and the semicircular canals and internal and external acoustic meatus have been exposed. The dura mater of the right middle cranial fossa has been removed, and the semicircular canals and cochlea are exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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26 Cranial Nerves

505

S P

A I

Fig. 26.12. Middle cranial fossa and midbrain, lateral view, right side. The right cavernous sinus and trigeminal nerve have been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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506

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S P

A I

Fig. 26.13. Middle cranial fossa and midbrain, anterolateral view, right side. The right cavernous sinus and trigeminal nerve have been exposed. The semicircular canals, auditory ossicles, and internal and external acoustic meatus have been exposed. The anterior semicircular canal in International Terminology is also known as superior semicircular canal.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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26 Cranial Nerves

507

S A

P I

Fig. 26.14. Face and cranial base, lateral view, left side. The cranial nerves have been exposed intra- and extracranially. The middle cranial fossa floor, the lateral wall of the orbit, and the ramus of the mandible have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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508

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S A

P I

Fig. 26.15. Face and cranial base, lateral view, left side. Enlarged view of the dissection in Fig. 26.14. The maxillary artery has been retracted anteriorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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26 Cranial Nerves

509

S A

P I

Fig. 26.16. Face and cranial base, lateral view, left side. The left maxillary and sphenoidal sinuses have been opened. The superior rectus muscle has been retracted superiorly.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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510

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S A

P I

Fig. 26.17. Face and cranial base, superolateral view, left side. The ophthalmic nerve has been retracted inferiorly on the left side to fully expose the abducens nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections Maria Peris-Celda

Axial Sections

A R

L P

Fig. 27.1. Axial section I, inferior view. Thickness of the sections is 5 to 10 mm.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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512

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

A R

L P

Fig. 27.2. Axial section II, inferior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

513

A R

L P

Fig. 27.3. Axial section III, inferior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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514

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

A R

L P

Fig. 27.4. Axial section IV, inferior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

515

A R

L P

Fig. 27.5. Axial section V, inferior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 515

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516

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

A R

L P

Fig. 27.6. Axial section VI, inferior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

517

A R

L P

Fig. 27.7. Axial section VII, inferior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 517

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518

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

A R

L P

Fig. 27.8. Axial section VIII, inferior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

519

A R

L P

Fig. 27.9. Axial section IX, inferior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 519

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520

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

A R

L P

Fig. 27.10. Axial section X, inferior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 520

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27 Brain Sections

521

A R

L P

Fig. 27.11. Axial section XI, inferior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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522

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

Coronal Sections

S R

L I

Fig. 27.12. Coronal section I, anterior view. Thickness of the sections is 5 to 10 mm.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

523

S R

L I

Fig. 27.13. Coronal section II, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 523

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524

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S R

L I

Fig. 27.14. Coronal section III, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

525

S R

L I

Fig. 27.15. Coronal section IV, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 525

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526

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S R

L I

Fig. 27.16. Coronal section V, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

527

S R

L I

Fig. 27.17. Coronal section VI, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 527

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528

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S R

L I

Fig. 27.18. Coronal section VI, enlarged view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 528

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27 Brain Sections

529

S R

L I

Fig. 27.19. Coronal section VII, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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530

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S R

L I

Fig. 27.20. Coronal section VII, enlarged view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

531

S R

L I

Fig. 27.21. Coronal section VIII, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 531

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532

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S R

L I

Fig. 27.22. Coronal section VIII, enlarged view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

533

S R

L I

Fig. 27.23. Coronal section IX, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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534

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S R

L I

Fig. 27.24. Coronal section IX, enlarged view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 534

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27 Brain Sections

535

S R

L I

Fig. 27.25. Coronal section X, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 535

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536

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S R

L I

Fig. 27.26. Coronal section XI, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 536

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27 Brain Sections

537

S R

L I

Fig. 27.27. Coronal section XII, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 537

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538

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S R

L I

Fig. 27.28. Coronal section XII, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 538

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27 Brain Sections

539

S R

L I

Fig. 27.29. Coronal section XIV, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 539

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540

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S R

L I

Fig. 27.30. Coronal section XV, anterior view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

541

Sagittal Sections

S A

P I

Fig. 27.31. Sagittal section I, left hemisphere, lateral view. Thickness of the sections is 5 to 10 mm.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 541

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542

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S A

P I

Fig. 27.32. Sagittal section II, left hemisphere, lateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 542

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27 Brain Sections

543

S A

P I

Fig. 27.33. Sagittal section III, left hemisphere, lateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 543

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544

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S A

P I

Fig. 27.34. Sagittal section IV, left hemisphere, lateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

545

S A

P I

Fig. 27.35. Sagittal section V, left hemisphere, lateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 545

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546

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S A

P I

Fig. 27.36. Sagittal section V, enlarged view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

547

S A

P I

Fig. 27.37. Sagittal section VI, left hemisphere, lateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 547

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548

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S A

P I

Fig. 27.38. Sagittal section VI, enlarged view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

549

S A

P I

Fig. 27.39. Sagittal section VII, left hemisphere, lateral view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 549

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550

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S A

P I

Fig. 27.40. Sagittal section VII, enlarged view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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27 Brain Sections

551

S P

A I

Fig. 27.41. Sagittal section VIII, left hemisphere, medial view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c027.indd 551

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552

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S P

A I

Fig. 27.42. Sagittal section VIII, enlarged view.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain Kaan Yağmurlu

Lateral to Medial Dissection

S A

P I

Fig. 28.1. Lateral view of the left cerebral cortex.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c028.indd 553

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554

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base S A

P I

Fig. 28.2. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. The gray matter (cortex) has been removed while preserving the pre- and postcentral gyri.

S A

P I

Fig. 28.3. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. The insular cortex has been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

555

S A

P I

Fig. 28.4. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. The insular cortex has been removed to expose the extreme capsule, while preserving the circular sulcus of insula. S A

P I

Fig. 28.5. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. Removal of the extreme capsule exposes the external capsule and claustrum.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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556

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base S A

P I

Fig. 28.6. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. Some fibers of the external capsule have been removed to expose the putamen.

S A

P I

Fig. 28.7. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. The dorsal external capsule and posterior half of the putamen have been removed to expose the globus pallidus and internal capsule. The external and internal capsules come together to form the corona radiata.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

557

S A

P I

Fig. 28.8. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. The putamen has been removed to expose the whole internal capsule and anterior commissure. The removal of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (association fibers) exposes the corona radiata (projection fibers).

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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558

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S A

P I

Fig. 28.9. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. Part of the anterior commissure fibers have been removed to expose the optic radiation fibers. The centrum semiovale is formed by association, projection, and commissural fibers above the level of the corpus callosum.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

559

S A

P I

Fig. 28.10. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. The caudate head, body, and tail have been exposed. The ependyma covers the lateral wall of the lateral ventricle, and the tapetum covers the atrium, occipital and temporal horns.

S A

P I

Fig. 28.11. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. The ependyma and tapetum have been removed to expose the parts of the lateral ventricle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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560

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S A

P I

Fig. 28.12. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. The basal ganglia structures have been exposed in the insular area.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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S A

P I

Fig. 28.13. Lateral view of the left hemisphere. The callosal fibers have been removed to expose the cingulum.

S A

P I

Fig. 28.14. Lateral view, left side. The Papez circuit has been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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562

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

Medial to Lateral Dissection

S P

A I

Fig. 28.15. Medial view of the left cerebral hemisphere. The cingulate cortex has been preserved while the removing the gray matter (cortex).

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

563

S P

A I

Fig. 28.16. Enlarged medial view of the left parahippocampal gyrus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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564

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base S P

A I

Fig. 28.17. Medial view of the left cerebral hemisphere. The cortex has been removed to expose the white matter of the hemisphere. The midbrain has also been dissected to expose the red nucleus

S P

A I

Fig. 28.18. Medial view of the left cerebral hemisphere. The cingulate cortex and parahippocampal cortex have been removed to expose the cingulum and dentate gyrus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

565

S P

A I

Fig. 28.19. Medial view of the left cerebral hemisphere. After removal of the short association fibers of the medial hemisphere, the callosal fibers can be seen. The thalamus has been removed.

S P

A I

Fig. 28.20. Medial view of the left cerebral hemisphere. The cingulum has been removed to expose the dentate gyrus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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566

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S P

A I

Fig. 28.21. Medial view of the left cerebral hemisphere. The corpus callosum has been removed to expose the Papez circuit.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

567

Superior to Inferior Dissection

A L

R P

Fig. 28.22. Superior view of the brain. The superior part of the cerebrum has been removed to expose the roof and lateral walls of the lateral ventricle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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568

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

A L

R P

Fig. 28.23. Superior view of the brain. The roof of the body of the right lateral ventricle has been opened.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

569

A L

R P

Fig. 28.24. Superior view of the brain in another specimen. The roof of the left lateral ventricle has been removed to expose the ventricle, thalamus, and caudate nucleus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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570

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S A

P I

Fig. 28.25. Superolateral view of the left hemisphere. The left lateral ventricle, caudate nucleus, and insula are exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

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A L

R P

Fig. 28.26. Superior view of the brain. The roof of the lateral ventricles on both sides has been removed. The ependyma and choroid plexus on the right side have been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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572

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

A L

R P

Fig. 28.27. Superior view of the brain. The roof of the lateral ventricles on both sides has been removed. The body of the fornix has been split to expose the third ventricle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

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A L

R P

Fig. 28.28. Superior view of the brain. Both lateral ventricles are exposed. The optic radiation forming the roof of the temporal horn of the left lateral ventricle has been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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574

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base A L

R P

Fig. 28.29. Superior view of the brain. Bilateral thalami and right basal ganglia structures have been removed to expose the floor of the third ventricle and midbrain structures. The roof of the temporal horn on the left side has been opened to expose the hippocampus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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575

Inferior to Superior Dissection

A R

L P

Fig. 28.30. Inferior view of the brain. The right parahippocampal gyrus has been removed to expose the hippocampus and lateral ventricle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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576

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

A R

L P

Fig. 28.31. Inferior view of the brain. The right hippocampus has been removed to expose the roof of the lateral ventricle. Anteriorly, the uncinate fasciculus has been exposed by further dissection of the orbitofrontal cortex. The left hippocampus is exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

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A R

L P

Fig. 28.32. Inferior view of the brain. The visual system, including the optic nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, lateral geniculate body, and optic radiation fibers, is exposed on the right side. The amygdaloid body is exposed on the left side of the brain.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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578

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

A R

L P

Fig. 28.33. Inferior view of the brain. The optic radiation on the right has been partially resected as well as the right half of the midbrain. This exposes the third ventricle and the anterior and posterior commissures.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

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A R

L P

Fig. 28.34. Inferior view of the brain. Further dissection exposes the anterior commissure and basal ganglia.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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580

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

A R

L P

Fig. 28.35. Inferior view of the brain in another specimen. The structures around and within the lateral ventricle have been exposed by removing the thalamus and both parahippocampal gyri. The right hippocampus has been removed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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A R

L P

Fig. 28.36. Inferior view of the brain in the same dissection as Fig. 28.35. The dentate gyrus is exposed on the left side.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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582

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base A R

L P

Fig. 28.37. Enlarged view of Fig. 28.36, inferior view of the left side of the brain.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

583

Dissection of the Brainstem and Cerebellum S A

P I

Fig. 28.38. Lateral view of the brain. Some parts of the cerebellum were decorticated to expose its underlying white matter. The left lateral ventricle and basal ganglia are exposed.

S A

P I

Fig. 28.39. Lateral view of the brainstem and cerebellum. Part of the middle cerebellar peduncle and pontine fibers have been removed on the left side to expose the cerebellar peduncles and dentate nucleus.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S A

P I

Fig. 28.40. Lateral view of the brainstem and cerebellum. Complete removal of the middle cerebellar peduncle on the left side exposes the segment of some cranial nerves in the brainstem.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

585

S A

P I

Fig. 28.41. Lateral view of the brainstem and cerebellum. Part of the superior cerebellar peduncle has been removed to expose the fourth ventricle.

S A

P I

Fig. 28.42. Lateral view of the brainstem and cerebellum. Cranial nerves VII to XII have been removed to expose the course of the long tracts and the intrapontine segment of the abducens nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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586

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S R

L I

Fig. 28.43. Anterior view of the brainstem and part of the left cerebellum.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

587

S R

L I

Fig. 28.44. Anterior view of the brainstem and cerebellum. Exposure of the corticospinal fibers on the right side and medial lemniscus on the left. A L

R P

Fig. 28.45. Superior view of the brainstem and cerebellum. The left dentate nucleus has been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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588

IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S L

R I

Fig. 28.46. Posterior view of the brainstem and cerebellum. Further dissection of the cerebellum exposes the roof of the fourth ventricle.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

589

S L

R I

Fig. 28.47. Posterior view of the brainstem and cerebellum. Further dissection of the cerebellum exposes the bilateral dentate nuclei, superior cerebellar peduncles, and a part of the middle cerebellar peduncle on the right side. S L

R I

Fig. 28.48. Posterior view of the brainstem and part of the cerebellum. The dorsal pontine structures on the left side and right midbrain structures have been exposed.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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IV Neuroanatomy and Cranial Base

S L

R I

Fig. 28.49. Posterior view of the brainstem. Further dissection of the brainstem on the left side enables identifying the trigeminospinal tract and the intrapontine portion of the facial nerve.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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28 Fiber Dissection of the Brain

591

S L

R I

Fig. 28.50. Posterior view of the brainstem. The midbrain–diencephalon junction has been dissected to expose the red and subthalamic nuclei.

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index

A Abducens nerve (nervus abducens), 242, 244, 247, 268, 270, 274, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 284, 338, 339, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 386, 387, 388, 389, 403, 434, 435, 436, 437, 439, 440, 441, 445, 446, 462, 464, 469, 470, 472, 473, 474, 483, 484, 485, 486, 491, 492, 496, 499, 506, 507, 509, 583, 584, 586 Accessory nerve (nervus accessorius), 12, 13, 63, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 183, 186, 187, 189, 190, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 203, 212, 216, 217, 219, 221, 222, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 251, 283, 284, 386, 387, 392, 393, 434, 439, 440, 445, 446, 447, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 492, 494, 495, 497, 498, 499, 500, 507, 508, 509, 586, 588, 589, 590, 591 Adhesio interthalamica (interthalamic adhesion), 378, 381, 382, 419, 423, 431, 432, 531, 532, 563 Aditus ad antrum mastoideum (aditus to mastoid antrum), 266 Aditus laryngis (laryngeal inlet), 316 Aditus to mastoid antrum (aditus ad antrum mastoideum), 266 Ala lobuli centralis (wing of central lobule), 384, 388 Ala major, os sphenoidale (greater wing, sphenoid bone), 3, 5, 6, 11, 15, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 48, 52, 63, 75, 85, 111, 327, 335 facies cerebralis (greater wing, cerebral surface), 20, 21 facies infratemporalis (greater wing, infratemporal surface), 20 Ala minor, os sphenoidale (lesser wing, sphenoid bone), 3, 11, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 35, 36, 37, 39, 41, 52, 63, 75, 84, 85 Ala of vomer (ala vomeris), 6, 27, 88, 295 Alar ligaments (ligamenti alaria), 476, 477, 478, 479 Ala vomeris (ala of vomer), 6, 27, 88, 295 Alveolar arch (arcus alveolaris), 106 Alveolar part (pars alveolaris), 106 Alveolar process (processus alveolaris), 30, 33, 69, 70, 71, 72 Alveolar yokes (juga alveolaria), 3, 28, 34, 69, 84, 106 Ambient cistern (cisterna ambiens), 414 Ambient gyrus, 563 Amygdaloid body (corpus amygdaloideus), 411, 414, 513, 527, 528, 530, 545, 546, 560, 561, 577, 579, 581, 582

Angular artery (arteria angularis), 146, 147, 155, 168, 170 Angular gyrus (gyrus angularis), 366, 367, 376, 538, 542, 553 Angular vein (vena angularis), 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 161 Angulus frontalis (frontal angle), 53, 54 Angulus mandibulae (angle of mandible), 3, 106, 108, 109, 234, 235 Angulus mastoideus (mastoid angle), 53, 54 Angulus occipitalis (occipital angle), 53, 54 Angulus sphenoidalis (sphenoidal angle), 53, 54 Ansa cervicalis (ansa cervicalis), 160, 163, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 210, 213, 246, 249, 250, 495, 499, 500, 507 Ansa cervicalis (ansa cervicalis), 160, 163, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 210, 213, 246, 249, 250, 495, 499, 500, 507 Ansa subclavia (ansa subclavia), 208, 209, 213, 214, 216 Ansa subclavia (ansa subclavia), 208, 209, 213, 214, 216 Anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen (foramen ethmoidale anterius et posterius), 4 Anterior and posterior parietal branches (arteriae parietales anterior et posterior), 403 Anterior arch of atlas (arcus anterior atlantis), 112, 117, 119, 120, 126, 128, 129, 136, 268, 270, 272, 274, 275, 298, 479, 481, 491 Anterior articular facet (facies articularis anterior), 121, 123, 126, 135 Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane (membrana atlantooccipitalis anterior), 491 Anterior cerebral artery (arteria cerebri anterior), 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 402, 407, 408, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 436, 437, 450, 451, 452, 458, 459, 472, 501, 502, 503, 504, 510 Anterior cerebral artery, A1 segment (arteria cerebri anterior, segmentum A1), 428, 429 Anterior cerebral artery, A2 segment (arteria cerebri anterior, segmentum A2), 428, 429 Anterior choroidal artery (arteria choroidea anterior), 420, 422, 435, 437, 496 Anterior clinoid process (processus clinoideus anterior), 11, 14, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 32, 35, 36, 37, 40, 41, 63, 452, 458, 459 Anterior commissure (commissura anterior), 378, 381, 382, 383, 419, 431, 432, 433, 514, 528, 550, 552, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561, 563, 564, 565, 566, 574, 576, 577, 578, 579, 583, 585 Anterior commissure, posterior part (commissura anterior, pars posterior), 557, 560

Anterior communicating artery (arteria communi cans anterior), 402, 423, 424, 425, 426, 429, 433, 452, 501, 502, 503, 504 Anterior cranial fossa (fossa cranii anterior), 450, 451, 453 Anterior deep temporal artery (arteria temporalis profunda anterior), 168, 169, 330 Anterior ethmoidal artery (arteria ethmoidalis anterior), 330, 331, 332, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 501, 502, 510 Anterior ethmoidal cells (cellulae ethmoidales anteriores), 68 Anterior ethmoidal nerve (nervus ethmoidalis anterior), 332, 343, 344, 345 Anterior fontanelle (fonticulus anterior), 18 Anterior horn of lateral ventricle (ventriculus lateralis cornu anterior), 573 Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (arteria inferior anterior cerebelli), 284, 402, 434, 436, 437, 439, 440, 441, 443, 445, 446, 455, 460, 461, 462, 464, 472, 473 Anterior intercavernous sinus (sinus intercavernosus anterior), 283, 429, 489 Anterior jugular vein (vena jugularis anterior), 154, 156, 181, 184, 185, 192, 194, 195, 200, 201 Anterior lacrimal crest (crista lacrimalis anterior), 69, 70, 73, 74 Anterior limb of stapes (crus anterius stapedis), 105, 261 Anterior lobe of cerebellum (lobus cerebelli anterior), 430, 439, 440, 445, 446, 587 Anterior longitudinal ligament (ligamentum longitu dinale anterius), 213, 216, 219, 221, 481, 491 Anterior malleolar fold (plica mallearis anterior), 260 Anterior median fissure (fissura mediana anterior), 386, 387, 511, 586 Anterior nasal spine (spina nasalis anterior), 3, 4, 5, 15, 16, 34, 69, 70, 72, 74, 111 Anterior notch (incisura anterior), 255, 264 Anterior perforated substance (substantia perforata anterior), 371, 372, 374, 375, 377, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582 Anterior quadrangular lobule (lobulus quadrangularis anterior), 384, 386, 387, 389, 443, 444 Anterior ramus of C2 (ramus anterior C2), 235, 241 Anterior scalene muscle (musculus scalenus anterior), 185, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 213, 214, 215, 218, 220 Anterior spinal artery (arteria spinalis anterior), 445, 468, 493 Anterior temporal artery (arteria temporalis ante rior), 405 Anterior temporal branches (rami temporales anteriores), 401, 403, 404, 406

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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594

Index Anterior thalamic radiation (radiato thalami ante rior), 566 Anterior tubercle of atlas (tuberculum anterius), 112, 115, 116, 119, 120, 121, 126, 128, 130, 131, 134, 135 Anterior vein of septum pellucidum (vena anterior septi pellucidi), 415, 416, 418, 420 Anterolateral central arteries (arteriae centrales anterolaterales), 408 Anterolateral pontine vein (vena pontis antero lateralis), 435, 437 Anterolateral sulcus (sulcus anterolateralis), 386 Anteromedial central arteries (arteriae centrales anteromediales), 426 Anteromedial frontal branch (ramus frontalis anteromedialis), 404, 405, 409, 436 Anteromedian pontine vein (vena pontis antero mediana), 435, 437 Antihelical fossa (fossa antihelica), 257, 259 Antihelix (antihelix), 255, 256, 258, 264 Antihelix (antihelix), 255, 256, 258, 264 Antitragus (antitragus), 255, 256, 258, 264 Antitragus (antitragus), 255, 256, 258, 264 Anular epiphysis (epiphysis anularis), 115, 125, 129, 131, 132, 133, 134, 137, 138, 139, 140 Anulus conjunctiva (conjunctival ring), 355, 356 Anulus conjunctivae (conjunctival ring), 354 Anulus fibrocartilagineus (fibrocartilaginous ring), 260 Anulus tendineus communis (common anular tendon), 276, 486 Anulus tympanicus (tympanic ring), 42, 100 Aortic arch (arcus aortae), 218 Apertura canaliculi cochleae (opening of cochlear canaliculus), 95, 97, 100 Apertura canaliculi vestibuli (opening of vestibular canaliculus), 37, 100, 101, 102 Apertura ductus nasolacrimalis (opening of naso lacrimal duct), 291, 292 Apertura externa canalis carotici (external opening of carotid canal), 38, 97 Apertura interna canalis carotici (internal opening of carotid canal), 95, 96 Apertura lateralis (lateral aperture), 467 Apertura lateralis recessus lateralis (lateral aperture of lateral recess), 393, 445 Apertura mediana (median aperture), 448 Apertura sinus sphenoidalis (opening of sphenoidal sinus), 27, 85, 290 Apex dentis (apex of dens), 115, 123, 124, 126, 128, 479 Apex of dens (apex dentis), 115, 123, 124, 126, 128, 479 Apex of petrous part (apex partis petrosae), 95, 101, 103, 104 Apex partis petrosae (apex of petrous part), 95, 101, 103, 104 Apical ligament of dens (ligamentum apicis dentis), 478, 479 Aponeurosis temporalis (temporal aponeurosis), 159 Aqueduct of midbrain (aqueductus mesencephali), 370, 371, 372, 375, 377, 378, 384, 390, 401, 421, 431, 432, 514, 535, 575, 576

Aqueductus mesencephali (aqueduct of midbrain), 370, 371, 372, 375, 377, 378, 384, 390, 401, 421, 431, 432, 514, 535, 575, 576 Arachnoidea mater (arachnoid mater), 237 Arachnoid mater (arachnoidea mater), 237 Arbor vitae (arbor vitae), 390 Arbor vitae (arbor vitae), 390 Arcuate eminence (eminentia arcuata), 11, 37, 40, 95, 96, 98, 100, 101, 102, 103, 497 Arcuate fasciculus (fasciculus arcuatus), 554, 555, 556 Arcuate fibers (fibrae arcuate cerebri), 554, 555, 556, 557, 583 Arcus alveolaris (alveolar arch), 106 Arcus anterior atlantis (anterior arch of atlas), 112, 117, 119, 120, 126, 128, 129, 268, 270, 272, 274, 275, 298, 479, 481, 491 Arcus aortae (aortic arch), 218 Arcus dentalis mandibularis (mandibular dental arcade), 107 Arcus dentalis maxillaris (maxillary dental arcade), 72 Arcus palatoglossus (palatoglossal arch), 300 Arcus palatopharyngeus (palatopharyngeal arch), 299, 300 Arcus palpebralis superior (superior palpebral arch), 348 Arcus posterior, atlantis (posterior arch, atlas), 9, 114, 117, 119, 120, 121, 126, 127, 128, 129, 135, 136, 230, 231, 232, 233, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481 Arcus superciliaris (superciliary arch), 44, 47, 49, 52 Arcus venosus jugularis (jugular venous arch), 181, 183, 185 Arcus vertebrae (vertebral arch), 131, 132, 133, 140 Arcus vertebrae axis (axis vertebral arch), 126 Arcus zygomaticus (zygomatic arch), 5, 10, 11, 111, 265, 326, 327 Area cochlearis (cochlear area), 100 Area nervi facialis (facial area), 100 Area paraolfactoria (paraolfactory area), 378, 381, 383 Area septalis (septal area), 528 Area subcallosa (subcallosal area), 383, 428, 431, 436 Area subcallosa, gyrus paraterminalis (subcallosal area, paraterminal gyrus), 381 Area vestibularis (vestibular area), 393, 498 Area vestibularis inferior (inferior vestibular area), 100 Area vestibularis superior (superior vestibular area), 100 Arteria alveolaris inferior (inferior alveolar artery), 160, 161, 162, 164, 166, 168, 169, 170 Arteria alveolaris superior posterior (posterior superior alveolar artery), 164, 169, 170, 330, 508 Arteria angularis (angular artery), 146, 147, 155, 168, 170 Arteria auricularis posterior (posterior auricular artery), 161, 163, 166, 209 Arteria basilaris (basilar artery), 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 277, 278, 284, 402, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 439, 440,

441, 443, 445, 446, 457, 463, 464, 470, 472, 473, 491, 492, 493, 503 Arteria buccalis (buccal artery), 163 Arteria callosomarginalis (callosomarginal artery), 405, 409, 410, 415, 423, 428, 436 Arteria canalis pterygoideus (artery of pterygoid canal), 330 Arteria carotid externa (deep lateral cervical nodes), 193 Arteria carotis communis (common carotid artery), 146, 160, 163, 170, 171, 178, 179, 180, 185, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 242, 243, 249, 250, 251, 270, 305, 495, 499 Arteria carotis externa (external carotid artery), 160, 161, 163, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 175, 176, 192, 193, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 217, 235, 239, 245, 250, 487, 500, 507 Arteria carotis interna (internal carotid artery), 24, 25, 26, 63, 102, 103, 104, 166, 172, 176, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 222, 235, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, 268, 270, 272, 274, 275, 282, 283, 284, 307, 329, 330, 335, 336, 337, 340, 343, 345, 401, 402, 407, 408, 422, 424, 425, 426, 434, 435, 437, 439, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 462, 463, 464, 468, 472, 488, 489, 490, 494, 495, 496, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 507, 508, 510 Arteria carotis interna, pars cavernosa (internal carotid artery, cavernous part), 12, 13, 276, 463, 464, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 491 Arteria carotis interna, pars cervicalis (internal carotid artery, cervical part), 482, 483, 484, 485, 487 Arteria carotis interna, pars petrosa (internal carotid artery, petrous part), 12, 13, 276, 459, 460, 486 Arteria carotis interna pars cerebralis (internal carotid artery, cerebral part), 276 Arteria centralis retinae (central retinal artery), 332, 333, 334, 356 Arteria cerebri anterior (anterior cerebral artery), 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 402, 407, 408, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 436, 437, 450, 451, 452, 458, 459, 472, 501, 502, 503, 504, 510 Arteria cerebri anterior, segmentum A1 (anterior cerebral artery, A1 segment), 428, 429 Arteria cerebri anterior, segmentum A2 (anterior cerebral artery, A2 segment), 428, 429 Arteria cerebri media (middle cerebral artery), 402, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 410, 411, 415, 420, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 434, 436, 439, 450, 451, 452, 458, 459, 495, 502, 503, 510 Arteria cerebri media, pars insularis, M2 (middle cerebral artery, insular part, M2), 403 Arteria cerebri media, pars insularis, M2 (middle cerebral artery, insular part, M2), 499 Arteria cerebri posterior (posterior cerebral artery), 270, 272, 275, 276, 329, 336, 401, 402, 407, 414, 420, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 434, 435,

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 472, 495, 496, 497, 499, 502, 503, 504, 510 Arteria cervicalis ascendens (ascending cervical artery), 195, 197, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 210, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Arteria cervicalis superficialis (superficial cervical artery), 193 Arteria choroidea anterior (anterior choroidal artery), 420, 422, 435, 437, 496 Arteria collicularis (collicular artery), 438 Arteria communicans anterior (anterior communi cating artery), 402, 423, 424, 425, 426, 429, 433, 452, 501, 502, 503, 504 Arteria communicans posterior (posterior communicating artery), 336, 401, 402, 407, 408, 420, 423, 425, 429, 431, 432, 434, 435, 437, 439, 451, 452, 453, 456, 458, 459, 460, 462, 463, 469, 496, 501, 502, 503, 510 Arteria dorsalis nasi (dorsal nasal artery), 147, 168, 347 Arteria dorsalis scapulae (dorsal scapular artery), 204, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Arteriae centrales anterolaterales (anterolateral central arteries), 408 Arteriae centrales anteromediales (anteromedial central arteries), 426 Arteriae centrales posterolaterales (posterior central arteries), 420 Arteriae centrales posterolaterales (posterolateral central arteries), 442 Arteriae centrales posteromediales (posteromedial central arteries), 426, 429 Arteriae ciliares posteriores breves (short posterior ciliary arteries), 342. 344 Arteriae ciliares posteriores longae (long posterior ciliary arteries), 275, 328, 333, 334, 340, 342, 343, 351, 352 Arteriae circumferentiales breves (short circumferential arteries), 420 Arteriae insulares (insular arteries), 403, 405 Arteriae mesencephalicae (mesencephalic arteries), 429, 472 Arteriae musculares (muscular arteries), 332, 333, 334, 349 Arteriae palpebrales mediales (medial palpebral arteries), 348, 351 Arteriae parietales anterior et posterior (anterior and posterior parietal branches), 403 Arteriae pontis (pontine arteries), 284, 402, 430, 441, 472 Arteriae pontis rami mediales et laterales (pontine arteries, medial and lateral branches), 435, 439 Arteriae striatae mediales proximales (proximal medial striate arteries), 426 Arteriae temporalis (temporal arteries), 399 Arteria ethmoidalis anterior (anterior ethmoidal artery), 330, 331, 332, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 501, 502, 510 Arteria ethmoidalis posterior (posterior ethmoidal artery), 332, 341, 342, 460, 462

Arteria et vena centralis retinae, pars intraocularis (central retinal artery and vein, intraocular part), 361 Arteria et vena facialis (facial artery and vein), 148 Arteria facialis (facial artery), 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 160, 161, 162, 163, 167, 168, 170, 178, 179, 181, 182, 183, 185, 186, 189, 195, 196, 199, 200, 202, 206, 209, 210, 212, 238, 250, 307, 327, 482, 487, 500 Arteria frontobasalis lateralis (lateral frontobasal artery), 404, 405, 406 Arteria frontobasalis medialis (medial frontobasal artery), 430 Arteria hypophysialis superior (superior hypophysial artery), 435 Arteria inferior anterior cerebelli (anterior inferior cerebellar artery), 284, 402, 434, 436, 437, 439, 440, 441, 443, 445, 446, 455, 460, 461, 462, 464, 472, 473 Arteria inferior posterior cerebelli (posterior inferior cerebellar artery), 237, 240, 269, 397, 402, 427, 431, 434, 439, 440, 441, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 468, 469, 471, 473, 492, 494, 495, 497, 498 Arteria infraorbitalis (infra-orbital artery), 160, 163, 164, 167, 330, 331, 332, 334, 465, 466, 486 Arteria labialis inferior (inferior labial branch), 143, 145, 147, 151, 153, 154, 155, 161, 162, 163, 164, 167, 168, 206 Arteria labialis superior (superior labial branch), 147, 152, 154, 155, 160, 162, 164, 167, 170, 206 Arteria labyrinthi (labyrinthine artery), 441, 446 Arteria lacrimalis (lacrimal artery), 328, 336, 337, 338, 340, 342, 343, 344, 349, 351, 352, 353, 502 Arteria laryngea inferior (inferior laryngeal artery), 213 Arteria laryngea superior (superior laryngeal artery), 249, 250, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315 Arterial grooves (sulci arteriosi), 45 Arteria lingualis (lingual artery), 208, 209, 210, 212, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 304, 305, 306, 307, 482, 487 Arteria masseterica (masseteric artery), 330 Arteria maxillaris (maxillary artery), 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175, 206, 209, 210, 211, 212, 215, 238, 239, 279, 282, 330, 465, 466, 484, 485, 486, 487, 494, 495, 499, 500, 507, 508, 509 Arteria meningea media (middle meningeal artery), 12, 13, 166, 167, 174, 175, 209, 210, 215, 279, 330, 336, 398, 452, 453, 454, 456, 457, 459, 460, 462, 465, 506, 508 Arteria meningea media, ramus frontalis (middle meningeal artery, frontal branch), 398 Arteria meningea media, ramus parietalis (middle meningeal artery, parietal branch), 398 Arteria meningea posterior (posterior meningeal artery), 209, 210, 212, 247 Arteria occipitalis (occipital artery), 154, 156, 163, 166, 182, 183, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 209, 210, 211, 212, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228,

595

229, 230, 231, 234, 236, 238, 239, 242, 244, 245, 247, 248, 265, 266, 267, 499, 500, 507 Arteria occipitalis, ramus sternocleidomastoideus (occipital artery, sternocleidomastoid branch), 211 Arteria occipitalis lateralis (lateral occipital artery), 401, 407, 423 Arteria occipitalis medialis (medial occipital artery), 401, 407, 422, 423 Arteria ophthalmica (ophthalmic artery), 330, 332, 333, 334, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 435, 464, 489 Arteria orbitofrontalis lateralis (lateral orbitofrontal artery), 403, 407, 409 Arteria orbitofrontalis medialis (medial orbitofrontal artery), 401, 407, 408, 423, 424, 427, 428, 429, 433, 434, 436, 490 Arteria palatina ascendens (ascending palatine artery), 280 Arteria palatina descendens (descending palatine artery), 465, 486 Arteria parietooccipitalis (parieto-occipital artery), 410 Arteria pericallosa (pericallosal artery), 409, 410, 415, 416, 423, 424, 436 Arteria pharyngea ascendens (ascending pharyngeal artery), 212, 215, 222, 482, 483, 484, 485, 487, 500 Arteria polaris frontalis (polar frontal artery), 407, 409, 423, 424, 427, 428, 429, 436 Arteria polaris temporalis (polar temporal artery), 408, 434, 435 Arteria prefrontalis (prefrontal artery), 403, 405, 406, 409, 420 Arteria profunda linguae (deep lingual artery), 305, 306, 307 rteria sphenopalatina (sphenopalatine artery), 166, 169, 275, 465, 482, 486, 510 Arteria spinalis anterior (anterior spinal artery), 445, 468, 493 Arteria spinalis posterior (posterior spinal artery), 237 Arteria striata medialis distalis (distal medial striate artery), 408, 422, 423, 424, 426, 433 Arteria subclavia (subclavian artery), 195, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 220, 221 Arteria sublingualis (sublingual artery), 307 Arteria submentalis (submental artery), 146, 147, 153, 154, 155, 156, 160, 161, 163, 170, 171, 178, 180, 181, 183, 184, 189, 192, 195, 196, 197 Arteria sulci centralis (artery of central sulcus), 403, 405, 406, 407, 409, 410, 414, 415, 434, 436 Arteria sulci postcentralis (artery of postcentral sulcus), 403, 405, 406, 409, 410, 414, 415, 434, 436 Arteria sulci precentralis (artery of precentral sulcus), 403, 405, 406, 407, 409, 410, 415 Arteria superior cerebelli (superior cerebellar artery), 284, 402, 432, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 454, 455, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 469, 470, 472, 496, 497, 503, 504, 510

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Arteria superior cerebelli, ramus lateralis (superior cerebellar artery, lateral branch of), 443, 444 Arteria superior cerebelli, ramus medialis (superior cerebellar artery, medial branch of), 443, 444 Arteria supraorbitalis (supra-orbital artery), 151, 152, 336, 337, 338, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344 Arteria suprascapularis (suprascapular artery), 193, 194, 195, 196, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Arteria supratrochlearis (supratrochlear artery), 151, 341 Arteria supratrochlearis, ramus anastomoticus (supratrochlear artery, anastomotic branch), 152 Arteria temporalis anterior (anterior temporal artery), 405 Arteria temporalis posterior (posterior temporal artery), 405 Arteria temporalis profunda anterior (anterior deep temporal artery), 168, 169, 279, 282, 330 Arteria temporalis profunda posterior (deep posterior temporal artery), 162, 163, 168, 169, 170, 174, 175, 330 Arteria temporalis superficialis (superficial temporal artery), 143, 144, 145, 147, 149, 154, 155, 156, 160, 161, 163, 168, 169, 175, 176, 209, 210, 211, 212, 239, 265, 266, 326, 327, 394 Arteria temporalis superficialis, ramus frontalis (superficial temporal artery, frontal branch), 143, 144, 148, 149, 150, 151, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 160, 161, 163 Arteria temporalis superficialis, ramus parietalis (superficial temporal artery, parietal branch), 143, 144, 148, 149, 150, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 163 Arteria temporooccipitalis (temporo-occipital artery), 406, 409 Arteria thalami perforans (thalamoperforating artery), 503 Arteria thalamogeniculato (thalamogeniculate artery), 407, 420, 437 Arteria thalamotuberalis (thalamotuberal artery), 435 Arteria thoracica interna (internal thoracic artery), 195, 196, 204, 205, 208, 209, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Arteria thyroidea inferior (inferior thyroid artery), 204, 205, 208, 209, 210, 213, 214, 216, 218, 220, 221, 309 Arteria thyroidea superior (superior thyroid artery), 160, 163, 171, 179, 180, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 200, 202, 203, 204, 206, 208, 209, 210, 213, 245, 246, 249, 250, 308, 309, 310 Arteria transversa colli (transverse cervical artery), 183, 184, 186, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Arteria transversa faciei (transverse facial artery), 149, 151, 155, 160, 161, 168, 169, 170, 175, 209, 212 Arteria vertebralis (vertebral artery), 9, 111, 112, 113, 114, 129, 133, 209, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237,

238, 239, 240, 241, 283, 284, 402, 431, 434, 436, 439, 440, 441, 445, 446, 448, 467, 468, 470, 471, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 492, 493, 494, 495, 497, 498, 500, 508, 509 Arteria vertebralis, rami musculares (vertebral artery, muscular branches of), 230, 231, 241 Arteria vertebralis, ramus radicularis (vertebral artery, radicular branch), 241 Arteriola et venula nasalis retinae inferior (inferior nasal retinal arteriole and venule), 361 Arteriola et venula nasalis retinae superior (superior nasal retinal arteriole and venule), 361 Arteriola et venula temporalis retinae superior (superior temporal retinal arteriole and venule), 361 Arteriola macularis superior, media, et inferior (macular arterioles, superior, middle, inferior), 361 Artery of central sulcus (arteria sulci centralis), 403, 405, 406, 407, 409, 410, 414, 415, 434, 436 Artery of postcentral sulcus (arteria sulci postcentra lis), 403, 405, 406, 409, 410, 414, 415, 434, 436 Artery of precentral sulcus (arteria sulci precentralis), 403, 405, 406, 407, 409, 410, 415 Artery of pterygoid canal (arteria canalis pterygoi deus), 330 Articular disc (discus articularis), 160, 161 Articular process (processus articularis), 237 Articular tubercle (tuberculum articulare), 42, 43, 57, 84, 94, 96, 97, 99, 100, 110, 160 Articulatio atlantoaxialis lateralis (lateral atlanto- axial joint), 216, 217, 241, 298, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 498 Articulatio atlantooccipitalis (atlanto-occipital joint), 9, 230, 239, 241, 282, 298, 479, 480, 481 Articulatio cricoarytenoidea (crico-arytenoid joint), 320, 325 Articulatio incudomallearis (incudomallear joint), 105, 261 Articulatio incudostapedalis (incudostapedial joint), 262 Ary-epiglottic fold (plica aryepiglottica), 310, 313, 315, 316 Arytenoid cartilage (cartilago arytenoidea), 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325 Arytenoid cartilage, muscular process (cartilago arytenoidea, processus muscularis), 316, 318, 319, 320, 324, 325 Arytenoid cartilage, vocal process (cartilago aryte noidea, processus vocalis), 316, 319, 324 Ascending cervical artery (arteria cervicalis ascen dens), 195, 197, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 210, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Ascending palatine artery (arteria palatina ascen dens), 280 Ascending pharyngeal artery (arteria pharyngea ascendens), 212, 215, 222, 482, 483, 484, 485, 487, 500 Asterion (asterion), 5, 16, 57, 239, 265, 395 Asterion (asterion), 5, 16, 57, 239, 265, 395

Atlanto-occipital joint (articulatio atlantooccipitalis), 9, 230, 239, 241, 282, 298, 479, 480, 481 Atlas (atlas), 111, 112, 115, 126, 127, 128, 129, 134, 135, 136, 216, 217, 229, 234, 235, 240, 241, 468, 476, 492 Atlas (atlas), 111, 112, 115, 126, 127, 128, 129, 134, 135, 216, 217, 229, 234, 235, 240, 241, 468, 476, 492 Atlas, posterior tubercle (atlas, tuberculum posterius), 226, 227 Atlas, tuberculum posterius (atlas, posterior tubercle), 226, 227 Atrium of lateral ventricle (atrium ventriculus lateralis), 405, 414, 415, 517, 537, 538, 546, 576, 578, 581 Atrium ventriculus lateralis (atrium of lateral ventricle), 405, 414, 415, 517, 537, 538, 546, 576, 578, 581 Auditory ossicles (ossicula auditoria), 16, 456, 457 Auditory tube (tuba auditoria), 176, 280, 281, 282, 283, 305, 454, 455, 457, 460, 483, 504, 506 Auditory tube, cartilaginous part (tuba auditoria, pars cartilaginea), 482 Auditory tube, pharyngeal opening of (ostium pharyngeum tubae auditoriae), 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 277, 278, 279, 293, 294, 296, 297, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303 Auricle (auricula), 265 Auricula (auricle), 265 Auricular branch, vagus nerve (ramus auricularis, nervus vagus), 470, 473, 494 Auricularis anterior muscle (musculus auricularis anterior), 257 Auricularis posterior muscle (musculus auricularis posterior), 257, 265 Auricularis superior muscle (musculus auricularis superior), 257 Auriculotemporal nerve (nervus auriculotemporalis), 145, 154, 155, 156, 161, 162, 163, 166, 167, 174, 175, 206, 209, 210, 211, 212, 215, 279, 282, 284, 507 Axis (axis), 9, 111, 112, 115, 126, 127, 128, 129, 134, 135, 136, 216, 217, 234, 235, 240, 241, 268, 269, 277, 278, 298, 468, 476, 477, 478, 480 Axis (axis), 9, 111, 112, 115, 126, 127, 128, 134, 135, 136, 216, 217, 234, 235, 240, 241, 268, 277, 278, 298, 468, 476, 477, 478, 480 Axis, body of (corpus axis), 126, 128, 134, 136 Axis, spinous process (processus spinosus axis), 229, 231, 233 Axis vertebral arch (arcus vertebrae axis), 126 B Band of Giacomini, 563 Basal nucleus (nucleus basalis), 513 Basal vein (vena basalis), 401, 407, 420, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 437, 438, 450, 497, 588 Base of stapes (basis stapedis), 105 Basilar artery (arteria basilaris), 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 277, 278, 284, 402, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 439, 440, 441, 443, 445, 446, 457, 463, 464, 470, 472, 473, 491, 492, 493, 503

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Basilar part, occipital bone (pars basilaris, os occipitale), 11, 14, 36, 37, 38, 40, 59, 61, 62, 63, 112 Basilar plexus (plexus basilaris), 276 Basilar sulcus (sulcus basilaris), 386, 387 Basion (basion), 6, 7, 60 Basis stapedis (base of stapes), 105 Bifurcatio arteria carotis communis (common carotid artery bifurcation), 244 Bifurcatio carotidis (carotid bifurcation), 210, 248 Biventral lobule (lobulus biventer), 385, 386, 388, 389, 391 Bony nasal cavity (cavitas nasalis ossea), 10, 18 Bony palate (palatum osseum), 77, 89 Brachial plexus (plexus brachialis), 154, 156, 160, 163, 183, 184, 185, 189, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 210, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Brachiocephalic trunk (truncus brachiocephalicus), 204, 209, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Brachium colliculi inferioris (brachium of inferior colliculus), 437 Brachium of inferior colliculus (brachium colliculi inferioris), 437 Branch to angular gyrus (rami gyri angularis), 399, 403, 406, 409 Bregma (bregma), 8, 47, 395, 396, 397 Bregma (bregma), 8, 47, 395, 396, 397 Buccal artery (arteria buccalis), 163 Buccal fat pad (corpus adiposum buccae), 149 Buccal nerve (nervus buccalis), 161, 162, 164, 166, 168, 169, 170, 174, 175, 238, 239, 280, 495, 507, 508, 509 Buccinator muscle (musculus buccinator), 144, 145, 146, 147, 155, 160, 161, 162, 164, 167, 168, 327, 495, 507, 509 Bulbar conjunctiva (tunica conjunctiva bulbi), 354, 355, 356 Bulbus jugularis (jugular bulb), 164 Bulbus oculi (eyeball), 274, 347, 349, 351, 352, 482, 501, 509 Bulbus olfactorius (olfactory bulb), 335, 336, 337, 340, 341, 343, 365, 370, 371, 373, 377, 450, 451, 453, 511 Bulbus superior venae jugularis (jugular vein, superior bulb), 267 Bulla ethmoidalis (ethmoidal bulla), 31, 287, 288 C C1 fila radicularia (C1 rootlets), 471 C1 rootlets (C1 fila radicularia), 471 C2 fila radicularia (C2 rootlets), 471 C2 rootlets (C2 fila radicularia), 471 Calcar avis (calcarine spur), 412, 414, 581 Calcarine spur (calcar avis), 412, 414, 581 Calcarine sulcus (sulcus calcarinus), 370, 377, 383, 405, 436, 517, 538, 539, 540, 547, 549, 567, 581 Callosomarginal artery (arteria callosomarginalis), 405, 409, 410, 415, 423, 428, 436 Canales incisivi (incisive canals), 6, 10, 70 Canales semicirculares (semicircular canals), 164, 267, 399, 456, 457, 495, 499, 504, 506, 508

Canal for auditory tube (semicanalis tubae audito riae), 96 Canal for tensor tympani (semicanalis musculi tensoris tympani), 96 Canaliculus mastoideus (mastoid canaliculus), 97 Canaliculus tympanicus (tympanic canaliculus), 97 Canalis caroticus (carotid canal), 6, 19, 99, 222 Canalis condylaris (condylar canal), 56, 61, 62 Canalis hypoglossi (hypoglossal canal), 60 Canalis mandibulae (mandibular canal), 107, 110 Canalis musculotubarius (musculotubal canal), 6 Canalis nervi hypoglossi (hypoglossal canal), 7, 11, 14, 40, 55, 57, 61, 62, 283 Canalis nutriens (nutrient canal), 122 Canalis opticus (optic canal), 3, 4, 11, 14, 20, 22, 23, 25, 26 Canalis opticus et nervus opticus (optic canal and optic nerve), 26 Canalis pterygoideus (pterygoid canal), 20, 21, 25, 27, 31, 32, 33, 39, 85 Canalis semicircularis anterior (anterior semicircular canal), 454, 455, 460 Canalis semicircularis lateralis (lateral semicircular canal), 454, 455 Canalis semicircularis posterior (posterior semi circular canal), 454 Canine fossa (fossa canina), 69, 72, 84 Canine tooth (dens caninus), 72, 107 Capsula externa (external capsule), 415, 434, 516, 528, 555, 556 Capsula extrema (extreme capsule), 516, 528, 530, 555 Capsula interna (internal capsule), 404, 415, 434, 517, 518, 528, 530, 531, 532, 534, 547, 548, 549, 550, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 571, 572, 573, 579, 583, 591 Capsula interna, crus anterior (internal capsule, anterior limb), 514, 515, 516 Capsula interna crus posterius (posterior limb of internal capsule), 578 Caput mallei (head of malleus), 105, 454, 455, 504 Caput mallei (malleus, head), 261, 263 Caput nucleus caudatus (caudate nucleus, head), 382, 415, 514, 515, 516, 517, 559, 569, 572 Caput stapedis (head of stapes), 105 Caput stapedis (stapes, head of), 261, 262, 263 Carotid bifurcation (bifurcatio carotidis), 210, 248 Carotid body (glomus caroticum), 210, 215, 245, 246, 247 Carotid branch of glossopharyngeal nerve (ramus sinus carotici), 245, 247 Carotid canal (canalis caroticus), 6, 19, 99, 222 Carotid sinus (sinus caroticus), 210, 215 Carotid sulcus (sulcus caroticus), 11, 14, 20, 21, 23, 40 Carotid tubercle (tuberculum caroticum), 115, 116 Cartilago arytenoidea (arytenoid cartilage), 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325 Cartilago arytenoidea, processus muscularis (arytenoid cartilage, muscular process), 316, 318, 319, 320, 324, 325 Cartilago arytenoidea, processus vocalis (arytenoid cartilage, vocal process), 316, 319, 324 Cartilago corniculata (corniculate cartilage), 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325

597

Cartilago cricoidea (cricoid cartilage), 306, 308, 309, 311, 312, 313, 314, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325 Cartilago septi nasi (septal nasal cartilage), 278 Cartilago thyroidea (thyroid cartilage), 154, 156, 160, 163, 178, 180, 208, 210, 217, 300, 301, 303, 304, 305, 306, 308, 309, 311, 317, 319, 320, 321 Cartilago thyroidea cornu superior (thyroid cartilage superior horn), 302, 313, 314, 315, 316, 318, 320 Caruncula lacrimalis (lacrimal caruncle), 347 Cauda helicis (helix, tail of), 256 Caudate nucleus (nucleus caudatus), 381, 382, 416, 518, 526, 527, 528, 530, 531, 532, 533, 536, 547, 548, 549, 550, 558, 560, 561, 562, 563, 571, 574, 580, 581, 582, 583 Caudate nucleus, body (nucleus caudatus, corpus), 534, 535, 559, 568 Caudate nucleus, head (caput nucleus caudatus), 382, 415, 514, 515, 516, 517, 559, 569, 572 Caudate nucleus, tail (nucleus caudatus, cauda), 534, 535, 536, 559, 561, 577 Cavernous branch (ramus sinus cavernosa), 276 Cavernous sinus (sinus cavernosus), 275, 283, 457, 459, 464 Cavitas conchae (cavity of concha), 255, 256, 258 Cavitas infraglottica (infraglottic cavity), 316, 317, 319 Cavitas laryngis (laryngeal cavity), 213, 215, 216 Cavitas nasalis ossea (bony nasal cavity), 10, 18 Cavitas nasi (nasal cavity), 3, 175, 285 Cavitas orbitalis (orbital cavity), 111 Cavitas ori (oral cavity), 482 Cavitas tympani (tympanic cavity), 455 Cavity of concha (cavitas conchae), 255, 256, 258 Cavum nasi (nasal fossa), 251 Cellulae ethmoidales (ethmoidal cells), 46, 48, 268, 269, 270, 272, 335, 336, 337, 340, 341, 453, 501 Cellulae ethmoidales anteriores (anterior ethmoidal cells), 68 Cellulae ethmoidales posteriores (posterior ethmoidal cells), 502 Cellulae mastoideae (mastoid cells), 244, 266, 267 Central lobule (lobulus centralis), 384, 388, 390 Central retinal artery (arteria centralis retinae), 332, 333, 334, 356 Central retinal artery and vein, intraocular part (arteria et vena centralis retinae, pars intraocularis), 361 Central sulcus (sulcus centralis), 366, 367, 368, 369, 376, 377, 383, 394, 395, 396, 399, 400, 403, 520, 521, 542, 543, 544, 545, 547, 549, 551, 553, 554 Central sulcus of insula (sulcus centralis insulae), 376, 554, 570 Central thalamic radiation (radiato thalami centralis), 565 Cerebellar fossa (fossa cerebellaris), 58, 59 Cerebellar tonsil (tonsilla cerebelli), 237, 385, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 431, 440, 444, 445, 447, 448, 449, 512, 588 Cerebellar tonsil branch (ramus tonsillae cerebelli), 445, 447

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Cerebellum (cerebellum), 238, 239, 240, 383, 397, 427, 434, 436, 437, 438, 514, 515, 533, 535, 536, 537, 538, 542, 543, 544, 545, 547, 549, 550, 551, 552, 568, 569, 571, 572, 573, 574, 583, 584, 585, 588, 589 Cerebellum (cerebellum), 238, 239, 240, 383, 397, 427, 434, 436, 437, 438, 514, 515, 533, 535, 536, 537, 538, 542, 543, 544, 545, 547, 549, 550, 551, 552, 568, 569, 571, 572, 573, 574, 583, 584, 585, 588, 589 Cerebellum, substantia alba (cerebellum white matter), 583 Cerebellum white matter (cerebellum, substantia alba), 583 Cerebral crus (crus cerebri), 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 377, 378, 422, 425, 426, 450, 451, 452, 453, 457, 459, 460, 462, 463, 464, 502, 576, 577, 587 Cerebral falx (falx cerebri), 451, 490 Cerebral fossa (fossa cerebralis), 58, 59 Cerebral surface (facies cerebralis), 98 Cerebral surface of squamous part (facies cerebralis pars squamosa), 103 Cervical fascia (fascia cervicalis), 177 Cervical nerve C1 (nervus cervicalis C1), 439, 498 Cervical nerve C1, anterior root (nervus cervicalis C1, radix anterior), 493 Cervical nerve C2 (nervus cervicalis C2), 467, 498 Cervical nerve C3 (nervus cervicalis C3), 242, 244 Cervical nerve C4 (nervus cervicalis C4), 242 Cervical nerves (nervi cervicales), 243 Cervical plexus (plexus cervicalis), 148, 183, 187, 192, 193, 194, 196, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 234, 235, 251, 500 Cervical vertebra, C3 (vertebra cervicalis, C3), 269, 278 Cervical vertebrae (vertebrae cervicales), 111, 303, 305 Cervicothoracic ganglion (ganglion cervicothoraci cum), 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Chiasma opticum (optic chiasm), 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 284, 329, 335, 336, 337, 340, 371, 373, 377, 378, 381, 382, 383, 385, 408, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432, 435, 453, 456, 463, 464, 490, 491, 526, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 575, 576, 577, 580, 581, 582, 587 Choana, apertura nasalis posterior (choana, posterior nasal aperture), 77 Choana, posterior nasal aperture (choana, apertura nasalis posterior), 77 Choanae (choanae), 7, 10, 19, 279, 288, 289, 290, 293 Choanae (choanae), 7, 10, 19, 279, 288, 289, 290, 293 Chorda tympani (chorda tympani), 166, 261, 262, 263, 267, 454, 455, 456, 457, 494, 500, 508, 509 Chorda tympani (chorda tympani), 166, 261, 262, 263, 267, 454, 455, 456, 457, 494, 500, 508, 509 Chorda tympani nerve (nervus chorda tympani), 485, 487 Choroid (choroidea), 357, 358, 359, 360 Choroidal branch of fourth ventricle (ramus choroi deus ventriculus quartus), 448

Choroidal fissure (fissura choroidea), 412 Choroidea (choroid), 357, 358, 359, 360 Choroid membrane (tela choroidea), 388, 391, 392, 393, 417, 418, 448 Choroid membrane, third ventricle (tela choroidea, ventriculus tertius), 517 Choroid plexus (plexus choroideus), 381, 387, 388, 390, 391, 392, 393, 405, 410, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 418, 421, 532, 536, 568, 569, 575 Choroid plexus of fourth ventricle (plexus choroideus ventriculi quarti), 445, 446, 448, 449 Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle (plexus choroideus ventriculus lateralis), 407, 411, 417, 430, 496, 546, 570, 571, 580 Ciliary body (corpus ciliare), 357, 358, 359 Ciliary ganglion (ganglion ciliare), 328, 342, 344, 352, 509 Ciliary ganglion, parasympathetic root (radix parasympathica, ganglion cilare), 328, 342, 344, 352 Ciliary ganglion, sensory root (radix sensoria, ganglion cilare), 328, 342, 344 Ciliary ganglion, sympathetic root (radix sympathica, ganglion cilare), 328, 342 Ciliary processes (processus ciliares), 358, 359, 360 Cingulate gyrus (gyrus cinguli), 378, 383, 404, 427, 436, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 524, 525, 526, 528, 531, 533, 535, 536, 537, 538, 551, 562, 563 Cingulate sulcus (sulcus cinguli), 383, 404, 436, 526, 527, 551 Cingulum (cingulum), 561, 564, 565, 567, 569, 571 Cingulum (cingulum), 561, 564, 565, 567, 569, 571 Circular sulcus of insula (sulcus circularis insulae), 376, 555, 556, 558, 560, 561 Cisterna ambiens (ambient cistern), 414 Cisterna quadrigeminalis (quadrigeminal cistern), 414 Claustrum (claustrum), 415, 516, 517, 518, 528, 555, 556 Claustrum (claustrum), 415, 516, 517, 518, 528, 555, 556 Clavicle (clavicula), 154, 156, 184, 194 Clavicula (clavicle), 154, 156, 184 Clivus (clivus), 6, 7, 19, 35, 55, 58, 60, 176, 269, 282, 283, 295, 298, 476, 478, 480, 481, 482, 486, 491 Clivus (clivus), 6, 7, 19, 35, 55, 58, 60, 176, 269, 282, 283, 295, 298, 476, 478, 480, 481, 482, 486, 491 Cochlea (cochlea), 454, 455, 457 Cochlea (cochlea), 454, 455, 457 Cochlear area (area cochlearis), 100 Cochlear labyrinth (labyrinthus cochlearis), 504, 508 Cochlear nerve (nervus cochlearis), 455 Collateral eminence (eminentia collateralis), 412, 414 Collateral sulcus (sulcus collateralis), 370, 371, 372, 379, 527, 575 Collateral trigone (trigonum collaterale), 412, 569, 570 Collicular artery (arteria collicularis), 438 Colliculus facialis (facial colliculus), 467, 468, 589, 590, 591

Colliculus inferior (inferior colliculus), 370, 384, 437, 470, 472, 515, 550, 552, 587, 588, 589, 590 Colliculus superior (superior colliculus), 370, 372, 375, 377, 384, 549, 550, 552, 574, 588, 589, 590 Collum mallei (malleus, neck), 105, 261, 263 Collum mandibulae (neck of mandible), 107, 109 Columna fornix (column of fornix), 433, 530, 552, 564 Column of fornix (columna fornix), 433, 530, 552, 564 Commissura anterior (anterior commissure), 378, 381, 382, 383, 419, 431, 432, 433, 514, 528, 550, 552, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561, 563, 564, 565, 566, 574, 576, 577, 578, 579, 583, 585 Commissura anterior, pars posterior (anterior commissure, posterior part), 556, 557 Commissura habenular (habenular commissure), 383, 444 Commissura posterior (posterior commissure), 378, 381, 382, 383, 384, 421, 432, 444, 515, 535, 577, 578, 579 Common carotid artery (arteria carotis communis), 146, 160, 163, 170, 171, 178, 179, 180, 185, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 242, 243, 249, 250, 251, 305, 495, 499 Common carotid artery bifurcation (bifurcatio arteria carotis communis), 244 Common tendinous ring (anulus tendineus commu nis), 486 Concha auriculae (concha of auricle), 255, 256, 264 Conchal crest (crista conchalis), 70, 78, 79, 80 Concha nasalis inferior (inferior nasal concha), 4, 7, 76, 77, 86, 87, 269, 270, 272, 278, 285, 286, 288, 291, 292, 293, 299, 303, 304, 305 Concha nasalis media (middle nasal concha), 3, 7, 31, 49, 50, 51, 52, 64, 65, 66, 68, 76, 89, 268, 269, 270, 278, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 292, 293 Concha nasalis superior (superior nasal concha), 76, 269, 278, 289, 290 Concha nasalis suprema (supreme nasal concha), 289 Concha of auricle (concha auriculae), 255, 256, 264 Condylar canal (canalis condylaris), 56, 61, 62 Condylar emissary vein (vena emissaria condylaris), 12, 469 Condylar fossa (fossa condylaris), 56, 60, 61 Condylar fossa and condylar canal (fossa condylaris et canalis condylaris), 57 Condylar process (processus condylaris), 3, 5, 16, 19, 106, 108, 109, 110, 160, 161, 168 Condylus mandibulae (head of mandible), 107, 109 Condylus occipitalis (occipital condyle), 5, 6, 7, 19, 35, 38, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62, 244 Cone of light, 260 Confluence of sinuses (confluens sinuum), 233, 397, 425, 427, 450 Confluens sinuum (confluence of sinuses), 233, 397, 425, 427, 450 Conjunctival ring (anulus conjunctivae), 354, 355, 356

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Cornea (cornea), 354, 355, 356 Cornea (cornea), 354, 355, 356 Corniculate cartilage (cartilago corniculata), 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325 Corniculate tubercle (tuberculum corniculatum), 313 Cornu inferius cartilago thyroidea (thyroid cartilage inferior horn), 311, 312, 313, 314 Cornu temporale (temporal horn), 528 Coronal suture (sutura coronalis), 5, 8, 15, 16, 18, 43, 47, 156, 159, 160, 394, 395, 396 Corona radiata (corona radiata), 519, 556, 557, 558, 560 Corona radiata (corona radiata), 519, 556, 557, 558, 560 Coronoid process (processus coronoideus), 3, 5, 16, 106, 107, 109, 110, 111, 112, 160, 161 Corpus adiposum buccae (buccal fat pad), 149 Corpus adiposum orbitae (orbital fat body), 335, 348, 453, 501 Corpus amygdaloideus (amygdaloid body), 411, 414, 513, 527, 528, 530, 545, 546, 560, 561, 577, 579, 581, 582 Corpus axis (body of axis), 126, 128, 134, 136 Corpus callosum (corpus callosum), 268, 401, 407, 413, 416, 423, 427, 430, 436, 526, 527, 528, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 559, 561, 565, 566, 570, 583 Corpus callosum (corpus callosum), 268, 401, 407, 413, 416, 423, 427, 430, 436, 526, 527, 528, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 559, 561, 565, 566, 570, 583 Corpus callosum, body (corpus callosum, truncus), 378, 381, 383, 410, 519, 548, 550, 551, 567, 568 Corpus callosum, genu (genu corpus callosum), 378, 381, 382, 383, 405, 428, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 525, 547, 548, 550, 551, 552, 562, 563, 564, 568, 572, 573, 574 Corpus callosum, sulcus (sulcus corporis callosi), 378, 381, 383 Corpus callosum, truncus (corpus callosum, body), 378, 381, 383, 410, 519, 548, 550, 551, 567, 568 Corpus callosum fibers (fibrae corpus callosum), 559, 561, 565, 567, 569, 581 Corpus ciliare (ciliary body), 357, 358, 359 Corpus fornix (body of fornix), 382, 552, 564, 581 Corpus geniculatum laterale (lateral geniculate body), 374, 375, 377, 378, 380, 381, 382, 545, 546, 576, 577 Corpus geniculatum mediale (medial geniculate body), 375, 377, 378, 380, 381, 382, 535, 577, 579 Corpus incudis (body of incus), 105, 261, 263 Corpus mammillare (mammillary body), 277, 278, 336, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 377, 378, 381, 382, 383, 401, 407, 429, 451, 452, 503, 504, 513, 530, 551, 552, 565, 566, 574, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582 Corpus mandibulae (body of mandible), 3, 106, 111 Corpus maxillae (body of maxilla), 28, 30, 69, 71, 93, 111 Corpus sphenoidale (body of sphenoid), 20, 21, 22, 26, 27, 41, 48, 75

Corpus vertebrae (vertebral body), 112, 115, 116, 121, 123, 124, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 137, 138, 139, 216, 221 Corpus vertebrae, C7 (vertebral body, C7), 219 Corrugator supercilli muscle (musculus corrugator supercilli), 143, 144, 149, 151, 152, 155 Cortex insularis (insular cortex), 526, 527, 533 Corticospinal fibers (fibrae corticospinales), 584, 585, 587 Cranial dura mater (dura mater cranialis), 156, 236, 237, 467, 468, 475, 501, 502 Cribriform foramina (foramina cribrosa), 67, 288 Cribriform plate (lamina cribrosa), 11, 12, 49, 50, 52, 65, 67, 286, 288, 292, 501 Cribriform plate and foramina (lamina et foramina cribrosa), 32 Crico-arytenoid joint (articulatio cricoarytenoidea), 320, 325 Cricoid cartilage (cartilago cricoidea), 306, 308, 309, 311, 312, 313, 314, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325 Cricopharyngeal ligament (ligamentum cricopharyn geum), 325 Cricothyroid muscle (musculus cricothyroideus), 209, 321, 323 Cricothyroid muscle, oblique part (musculus crico thyriodeus, pars obliqua), 308, 309, 311, 312, 317 Cricothyroid muscle, straight part (musculus cricothyriodeus, pars recta), 308, 309, 311, 312, 317 Cricotracheal ligament (ligamentum cricotracheale), 311, 312, 317 Crista choanalis vomeris (vomerine crest of choana), 88, 269, 277, 278 Crista conchalis (conchal crest), 70, 78, 79, 80 Crista ethmoidalis (ethmoidal crest), 70, 73, 78, 79 Crista frontalis (frontal crest), 11, 12, 45, 50, 451, 453 Crista galli (crista galli), 11, 12, 13, 30, 32, 50, 64, 65, 66, 67, 76, 89, 93, 453, 501 Crista galli (crista galli), 11, 12, 13, 30, 32, 50, 64, 65, 66, 67, 76, 89, 93, 453, 501 Crista lacrimalis anterior (anterior lacrimal crest), 69, 70, 73, 74 Crista lacrimalis posterior (posterior lacrimal crest), 92, 93 Crista nasalis (nasal crest), 34, 70, 72, 73, 78 Crista occipitalis externa (external occipital crest), 6, 9, 38, 56, 61, 113, 234 Crista occipitalis interna (internal occipital crest), 39, 58 Crista sphenoidalis (sphenoidal crest), 26, 27, 29, 33, 39 Crista supramastoidea (supramastoid crest), 94, 265 Crista transversa (transverse crest), 100 Crista verticalis (vertical crest), 100 Cruciate ligament of atlas (ligamentum cruciforme atlantis), 475, 476 Cruciform eminence (eminentia cruciformis), 36, 37, 39, 59 Crus anterius stapedis (anterior limb of stapes), 105, 261 Crus antihelicis (crus of antihelix), 255, 256, 258

599

Crus breve incudis (short limb of incus), 105, 261, 263 Crus cerebri (cerebral crus), 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 377, 378, 422, 425, 426, 450, 451, 452, 453, 457, 459, 460, 462, 463, 464, 502, 576, 577, 587 Crus fornix (crus of fornix), 378, 382, 552, 564, 581, 582 Crus helicis (crus of helix), 255, 256 Crus longum incudis (long limb of incus), 105, 261, 262, 263 Crus mediale cartilago alaris major (medial crus of major alar cartilage), 277, 278 Crus of antihelix (crus antihelicis), 255, 256, 258 Crus of fornix (crus fornix), 378, 382, 552, 564, 581, 582 Crus of helix (crus helicis), 255, 256 Crus posterius stapedis (posterior limb of stapes), 105 Crus posterius stapedis (stapes, posterior limb of), 261 Culmen (culmen), 384, 390, 440, 442, 443 Culmen (culmen), 384, 390, 440, 442, 443 Cuneate fasciculus (fasciculus cuneatus), 393, 589 Cuneate tubercle (tuberculum cuneatum), 393, 467, 498, 589 Cuneiform part of vomer (pars cuneiformis vomeris), 88 Cuneiform tubercle (tuberculum cuneiforme), 313 Cuneus (cuneus), 383, 539, 540, 544, 545, 547, 549, 551 Cuneus (cuneus), 383, 539, 540, 544, 545, 547, 549, 551 Cymba conchae (cymba conchae), 255, 256 Cymba conchae (cymba conchae), 255, 256 D Declive (declive), 384, 390 Declive (declive), 384, 390 Deep anterior temporal artery (arteria temporalis profunda anterior), 279, 282 Deep cervical vein (vena cervicalis profunda), 226, 227, 228, 229, 231, 232 Deep lateral cervical nodes (nodus cervicales lateralis profundi), 193 Deep lingual artery (arteria profunda linguae), 305, 306, 307 Deep middle cerebral vein (vena media profunda cerebri), 422 Deep petrosal nerve (nervus petrosus profundus), 455, 510 Deep posterior temporal artery (arteria temporalis profunda posterior), 170, 175 Deep temporal nerve (nervus temporalis profundus), 170, 175 Dens (dens axis), 9, 112, 113, 117, 121, 122, 123, 126, 129, 135, 136, 272, 298, 478, 479, 480 Dens, anterior articular facet (dens axis, facies articularis anterior), 480 Dens axis (dens), 9, 112, 113, 117, 121, 122, 123, 126, 129, 136, 272, 298, 478, 479, 480 Dens axis, facies articularis anterior (dens, anterior articular facet), 480 Dens caninus (canine tooth), 72, 107 Dens incisivus (incisor tooth), 72, 107

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Dens molaris (molar tooth), 72, 107 Dens premolaris (premolar tooth), 72, 107 Dentate gyrus (gyrus dentatus), 380, 381, 382, 536, 563, 564, 565, 581, 582 Dentate nucleus (nucleus dentatus), 513, 536, 537, 545, 547, 549, 564, 583, 584, 585, 587, 588, 589 Denticulate ligament (ligamentum denticulatum), 237, 240, 241, 471, 474, 475, 493 Depressor anguli oris muscle (musculus depressor anguli oris), 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149 Depressor labii inferioris muscle (musculus depressor labii inferioris), 143, 145, 148, 149 Depressor supercilii muscle (musculus depressor supercilii), 148, 149, 150, 152 Descending palatine artery (arteria palatina descen dens), 465, 486 Diagonal band (stria diagonalis), 579, 580, 581, 582 Diaphragma sellae (diaphragma sellae), 428, 429 Diaphragma sellae (diaphragma sellae), 428, 429 Diencephalon (diencephalon), 585 Diencephalon (diencephalon), 585 Digastric fossa (fossa digastrica), 107, 108 Digastric muscle (musculus digastricus), 235, 238, 239, 265, 299, 300 Digastric muscle, anterior belly (musculus digastricus, venter anterior), 146, 160, 163, 171, 178, 180, 181, 304, 305, 306, 307, 495 Digastric muscle, intermediate tendon (musculus digastricus, tendo intermedius), 180 Digastric muscle, posterior belly (musculus digastri cus, venter posterior), 147, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 168, 169, 170, 171, 179, 206, 242, 244, 247, 495, 497, 499, 507 Digitationes hippocampi (hippocampal digitations), 411, 414, 420 Discus articularis (articular disc), 160, 161 Discus intervertebralis (intervertebral disc), 216, 217, 219, 221 Discus nervi optici (optic disc), 357, 361 Distal medial striate artery (arteria striata medialis distalis), 408, 422, 423, 424, 426, 433 Dorsal branch to corpus callosum (ramus corporis callosi dorsalis), 401, 407 Dorsal nasal artery (arteria dorsalis nasi), 147, 168, 347 Dorsal root ganglion (ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis), 232, 233, 234, 236, 237, 239, 240, 241 Dorsal scapular artery (arteria dorsalis scapulae), 204, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Dorsum sellae (dorsum sellae), 11, 14, 20, 22, 25, 26, 32, 40, 41, 63, 428, 433 Dorsum sellae (dorsum sellae), 11, 14, 20, 22, 25, 26, 32, 40, 41, 63, 428, 433 Ductus nasolacrimale (nasolacrimal duct), 272, 274, 275, 330, 347 Ductus parotideus (parotid duct), 143, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 327 Ductus submandibularis (submandibular duct), 170, 171, 304, 305, 306, 307 Ductus thoracicus (thoracic duct), 198, 220, 221 Ductus thoracicus, pars cervicalis (thoracic duct, cervical part), 193

Dura mater (dura mater), 230, 231, 232, 233, 236, 237, 240, 241, 283, 398, 489 Dura mater (dura mater), 230, 231, 232, 233, 236, 237, 240, 241, 283, 398, 489 Dura mater, fossa cranii media (dura mater, middle cranial fossa), 267 Dura mater, fossa cranii posterior (dura mater, posterior cranial fossa), 267 Dura mater, middle cranial fossa (dura mater, fossa cranii media), 267 Dura mater, posterior cranial fossa (dura mater, fossa cranii posterior), 267 Dura mater cranialis (cranial dura mater), 156, 236, 237, 467, 468, 475, 501, 502 Dura mater spinalis (spinal dura mater), 474, 492 Dura mater tentorium cerebelli (dura mater tento rium cerebelli), 502 Dura mater tentorium cerebelli (dura mater tentorium cerebelli), 502 E Eminentia arcuata (arcuate eminence), 11, 37, 40, 95, 96, 98, 100, 101, 102, 103, 497 Eminentia collateralis (collateral eminence), 412, 414 Eminentia conchae (eminentia conchae), 257, 259 Eminentia conchae (eminentia conchae), 257, 259 Eminentia cruciformis (cruciform eminence), 36, 37, 39, 59 Eminentia fossae triangularis (eminentia fossae triangularis), 257, 259 Eminentia fossae triangularis (eminentia fossae triangularis), 257, 259 Eminentia medialis (medial eminence), 467, 468 Eminentia pyramidalis (pyramidal eminence), 261, 262, 263 Eminentia scaphae (eminentia scaphae), 257, 259 Eminentia scaphae (eminentia scaphae), 257, 259 Ependyma (ependyma), 558 Ependyma (ependyma), 558 Ependyma, lateral ventricle (ependyma, ventriculus lateralis), 559 Ependyma, ventriculus lateralis (ependyma, lateral ventricle), 559 Epicranial aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica), 145, 157, 158, 159 Epiglottic tubercle (tuberculum epiglotticum), 310 Epiglottis (epiglottis), 251, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325 Epiglottis (epiglottis), 251, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325 Epiphysis anularis (anular epiphysis), 115, 125, 129, 131, 132, 133, 134, 138, 139, 140 Esophagus (esophagus), 213, 214, 218, 219, 220, 221, 242, 243, 251, 309, 310 Esophagus (esophagus), 213, 214, 218, 219, 220, 221, 242, 243, 251, 309, 310 Ethmoidal bone (os ethmoidale), 30, 31, 34, 49, 50, 51, 52, 76, 89, 93, 286, 288 Ethmoidal bulla (bulla ethmoidalis), 31, 287, 288

Ethmoidal cells (cellulae ethmoidales), 46, 48, 268, 269, 270, 272, 335, 336, 337, 340, 341, 453, 501 Ethmoidal crest (crista ethmoidalis), 70, 73, 78, 79 Ethmoidal groove (sulcus ethmoidalis), 90 Ethmoidal labyrinth (labyrinthus ethmoidalis), 49, 52, 64, 65, 67, 68, 501 Ethmoidal notch (incisura ethmoidalis), 46, 48 Ethmoidal process (processus ethmoidalis), 87 Excavatio disc (physiological cup), 361 External acoustic meatus (meatus acusticus exter nus), 147, 161, 163, 166, 239, 256, 258, 259, 260, 265, 266, 267, 399, 454, 455, 495, 504, 506, 507, 509 External acoustic opening (porus acusticus externus), 5, 16, 19, 38, 42, 43, 57, 94, 110, 111, 114 External acoustic opening and meatus (porus et meatus acusticus externus), 100 External capsule (capsula externa), 415, 434, 516, 528, 555, 556 External carotid artery (arteria carotis externa), 160, 161, 163, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 175, 176, 192, 193, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 217, 235, 239, 245, 250, 487, 500, 507 External jugular vein (vena jugularis externa), 143, 145, 177, 178, 180, 181, 182, 184, 185, 186, 187, 190, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200, 201 External occipital crest (crista occipitalis externa), 6, 9, 38, 56, 61, 113, 234 External occipital protuberance (protuberantia occipitalis externa), 9, 56, 113, 230, 231, 232, 234 External occipital protuberance, inion (protuberantia occipitalis externa, inion), 5, 6 External opening of carotid canal (apertura externa canalis carotici), 38, 97 Extreme capsule (capsula extrema), 516, 528, 530, 555 Eyeball (bulbus oculi), 274, 347, 349, 351, 352, 482, 501, 509 Eyeball (globus oculi), 330, 331, 334, 337, 344 F Facet for dens (fovea dentis), 117, 119, 121 Facial and vestibulocochlear nerves (nervus facialis et vestibulocochlearis), 103 Facial area (area nervi facialis), 100 Facial artery (arteria facialis), 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 167, 168, 170, 178, 179, 181, 182, 183, 185, 186, 189, 195, 196, 199, 200, 202, 206, 209, 210, 212, 238, 250, 307, 327, 482, 487, 500 Facial artery and vein (arteria et vena facialis), 148 Facial colliculus (colliculus facialis), 467, 468, 589, 590, 591 Facial colliculus (colliculus facialis), 467, 468 Facial nerve (nervus facialis), 12, 13, 63, 147, 154, 155, 161, 163, 166, 168, 169, 170, 180, 181, 182, 183, 185, 189, 202, 209, 211, 212, 239, 242, 244, 247, 263, 267, 326, 386, 387, 388, 389, 434, 437, 439, 440, 441, 445, 446, 454, 455, 457, 461, 462, 467, 468, 469, 470, 472,

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index 473, 474, 494, 495, 497, 498, 499, 500, 504, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 584, 585, 586, 589, 590, 591 Facial nerve, anastomotic branch of (nervus facialis, ramus anastomoticus), 151, 153 Facial nerve, buccal branches (nervus facialis, rami buccales), 143, 144, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 153, 155, 156, 327 Facial nerve, cervical branch (nervus facialis, ramus cervicalis), 145, 146, 149, 151, 153, 155, 178, 179 Facial nerve, marginal mandibular branch (nervus facialis, ramus marginalis mandibularis), 143, 145, 146, 151, 153, 156, 179 Facial nerve, temporal branches (nervus facialis, rami temporales), 143, 144, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 156, 158, 159, 265, 266, 327, 394 Facial nerve, zygomatic branches (nervus facialis, rami zygomatici), 143, 144, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 156, 327 Facial vein (vena facialis), 148, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 160, 161, 163, 178, 179, 180, 182, 184, 185, 186, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 202, 204, 217, 234, 235, 238, 327 Facies orbitalis (orbital surface), 26, 28, 29, 30, 34, 46, 48, 69, 72, 81, 83, 84, 93 Falx cerebri (falx cerebri), 401, 403, 407, 409, 410, 427, 428 Falx cerebri (falx cerebri), 401, 403, 407, 409, 410, 427, 428, 451, 490 Fascia capitis (fascia of head), 223 Fascia cervicalis (cervical fascia), 177 Fascia of head (fascia capitis), 223 Fascia temporalis (temporal fascia), 157, 159 Fascia temporalis, lamina profunda (temporal fascia, deep layer), 157, 158, 159 Fascia temporalis, lamina superficialis (temporal fascia, superficial layer), 157, 159 Fasciculi longitudinales ligamentum cruciforme atlantis (longitudinal bands of cruciate ligament of atlas), 477, 478 Fasciculi occipitales verticales, fibrae laterales (vertical occipital fasciculus, lateral fibers), 555 Fasciculus arcuatus (arcuate fasciculus), 554, 555, 556 Fasciculus cuneatus (cuneate fasciculus), 393, 589 Fasciculus gracilis (gracile fasciculus), 393, 589 Fasciculus longitudinalis inferior (inferior longitudinal fasciculus), 554, 555, 556, 557 Fasciculus longitudinalis medialis (medial longitudinal fasciculus), 589 Fasciculus longitudinalis superior (superior longitudinal fasciculus), 554, 555, 556, 557 Fasciculus mammillothalamicus (mammillothalamic fasciculus), 564, 565, 566, 580, 581, 582, 591 Fasciculus retroflexus (fasciculus retroflexus), 574 Fasciculus retroflexus (fasciculus retroflexus), 574 Fasciculus thalamicus et zona incerta (thalamic fasciculus and zona incerta), 532 Fasciculus uncinatus (uncinate fasciculus), 556, 557, 564, 576, 579 Fenestra cochleae (round window), 100, 262, 263 Fenestra vestibuli (oval window), 100

Fibrae arcuate cerebri (arcuate fibers), 554, 555, 556, 557, 583 Fibrae corpus callosum (corpus callosum fibers), 559, 561, 565, 567, 569, 581 Fibrae corticospinales (corticospinal fibers), 584, 585, 587 Fibrae pontis longitudinales (longitudinal pontine fibers), 428 Fibrae pontis transversae (transverse pontine fibers), 587 Fibrae thalamoparietales (thalamoparietal fibers), 572, 573 Fibrae zonulares (zonular fibers), 359 Fibrocartilaginous ring (anulus fibrocartilagineus), 260 Fila radicularia (rootlets), 467, 468 Fimbria hippocampi (fimbria of hippocampus), 375, 378, 380, 381, 382, 414, 420, 422, 562, 563, 565, 566, 581, 582 Fimbria of hippocampus (fimbria hippocampi), 375, 378, 380, 381, 382, 414, 420, 422, 562, 563, 565, 566, 581, 582 Fissura antitragohelicina (fissura antitragohelicina), 256 Fissura antitragohelicina (fissura antitragohelicina), 256 Fissura choroidea (choroidal fissure), 412 Fissura horizontalis (horizontal fissure), 386, 388, 389, 390, 442, 444 Fissura longitudinalis cerebri (longitudinal cerebral fissure), 365, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 377, 567 Fissura lunogracilis (lunogracile fissure), 385, 388 Fissura mediana anterior (anterior median fissure), 386, 387, 511, 586 Fissura orbitalis inferior (inferior orbital fissure), 4, 7, 10, 18, 28, 29 Fissura orbitalis superior (superior orbital fissure), 3, 4, 11, 12, 15, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 39, 41, 52, 63, 77, 85 Fissura petrotympanica (petrotympanic fissure), 6, 10, 94, 97, 100, 166 Fissura posterior superior (posterior superior fissure), 384, 389, 442 Fissura posterolateralis (posterolateral fissure), 388 Fissura prebiventralis (prebiventral fissure), 385, 388 Fissura precentralis (precentral fissure), 384 Fissura preculminalis (preculminate fissure), 384, 389 Fissura prima (primary fissure), 384, 389, 390, 587 Fissura secunda (secondary fissure), 385, 388 Fissura tympanomastoidea (tympanomastoid fissure), 94, 100 Fissura tympanosquamosa (tympanosquamous fissure), 10, 94 Flocculus (flocculus), 386, 387, 388, 389, 439, 440, 445, 446, 512, 531, 583, 587, 589 Flocculus (flocculus), 386, 387, 388, 389, 439, 440, 445, 446, 512, 531, 583, 587, 589 Folia cerebelli (folia of cerebellum), 555 Folia of cerebellum (folia cerebelli), 555 Folium of vermis (folium vermis), 388, 390 Folium vermis (folium of vermis), 388, 390 Fonticulus mastoideus (mastoid fontanelle), 19

601

Foramen caecum (foramen caecum), 11, 32, 45 Foramen caecum (foramen caecum), 11, 32, 45 Foramen caecum medullae oblongatae (foramen caecum of medulla oblongata), 387 Foramen caecum of medulla oblongata (foramen caecum medullae oblongatae), 387 Foramen ethmoidale anterius et posterius (anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen), 4 Foramen infraorbitale (infra-orbital foramen), 3, 4, 10, 15, 18, 33, 34, 71, 72, 111, 286 Foramen interventriculare (interventricular foramen), 415, 416, 417, 418, 430, 431, 432, 563, 571, 572, 573 Foramen intervertebrale (intervertebral foramen), 111, 133, 137, 138 Foramen jugulare (jugular foramen), 6, 11, 14, 222, 283, 468, 471, 500 Foramen jugularis (jugular foramen), 40 Foramen lacerum (foramen lacerum), 6, 11, 14, 19, 486 Foramen lacerum (foramen lacerum), 6, 11, 14, 19, 486 Foramen magnum (foramen magnum), 11, 14, 35, 36, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 282, 284, 298, 476, 493 Foramen magnum (foramen magnum), 11, 14, 35, 36, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 282, 284, 298, 476, 493 Foramen mandibulae (mandibular foramen), 106, 108, 109 Foramen mastoideum (mastoid foramen), 99 Foramen mentale (mental foramen), 3, 5, 16, 106, 109, 110, 111 Foramen nutricium (nutrient foramen), 130 Foramen ovale (foramen ovale), 6, 10, 11, 14, 20, 23, 27, 36, 37, 38, 40, 48, 52, 172, 174, 485, 486 Foramen ovale (foramen ovale), 6, 10, 11, 14, 20, 23, 27, 36, 37, 38, 40, 48, 52, 172, 174, 485, 486 Foramen palatinum majus (greater palatine foramen), 6, 10 Foramen rotundum (foramen rotundum), 11, 20, 21, 23, 25, 26, 27, 29, 31, 32, 33, 39, 52, 77, 85, 486 Foramen rotundum (foramen rotundum), 11, 21, 23, 25, 26, 27, 29, 31, 32, 33, 39, 52, 77, 85, 486 Foramen rotundum and maxillary nerve (foramen rotundum et nervus maxillaris), 26 Foramen rotundum et nervus maxillaris (foramen rotundum and maxillary nerve), 26 Foramen sphenopalatinum (sphenopalatine foramen), 29, 75, 295 Foramen spinosum (foramen spinosum), 6, 10, 11, 14, 20, 27, 36, 37, 38, 48, 52 Foramen spinosum (foramen spinosum), 6, 10, 11, 14, 20, 27, 36, 37, 38, 48, 52 Foramen stylomastoideum (stylomastoid foramen), 6, 7, 38, 97 Foramen transversarium (foramen transversarium), 114, 115, 116, 119, 120, 121, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128, 129, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 139, 140 Foramen transversarium (foramen transversarium), 114, 115, 116, 119, 120, 121, 123, 124, 125, 127, 128, 129, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 139, 140

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Foramen vertebrale (vertebral foramen), 117, 120, 123, 126, 129 Foramen zygomaticofaciale (zygomaticofacial foramen), 4, 7, 29, 42, 81, 84, 327 Foramen zygomaticoorbitale (zygomatico-orbital foramen), 82 Foramina cribrosa (cribriform foramina), 67, 288 Foramina incisiva (incisive foramina), 73, 77 Foramina nasalia (nasal foramina), 90 Foramina palatina minora (lesser palatine foramina), 6, 10 Forceps major, corpus callosum (major forceps, corpus callosum), 518, 565, 567, 568, 571, 572, 573, 575, 576, 577, 578, 581, 583 Forceps minor corpus callosum (forceps minor, corpus callosum), 518, 565, 567 Fornix (fornix), 381, 383, 410, 413, 417, 418, 430, 431, 432, 517, 532, 534, 551, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, 568, 572, 573, 578, 579, 580 Fornix (fornix), 381, 383, 410, 413, 417, 418, 430, 431, 432, 517, 532, 534, 551, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, 568, 572, 573, 578, 579, 580 Fornix, body of (corpus fornix), 382, 552, 564, 571, 581 Fornix, column (fornix, columna), 581, 582 Fornix, columna (fornix, column), 581, 582 Fornix columnae, fibrae postcommissurales (fornix, columns, postcommissural fibers), 574 Fornix columns, postcommissural fibers (fornix columnae, fibrae postcommissurales), 574 Fornix conjunctivae superior (superior conjunctival fornix), 355 Fornix fibrae postcommissurales (fornix postcommissural fissures), 564 Fornix fibrae postcommissurales (postcommissural fibers of fornix), 514 Fornix pharyngis (vault of pharynx), 294 Fornix postcommissural fissures (fornix fibrae postcommissurales), 564 Fossa antihelica (antihelical fossa), 257, 259 Fossa canina (canine fossa), 69, 72, 84 Fossa cerebellaris (cerebellar fossa), 58, 59 Fossa cerebralis (cerebral fossa), 58, 59 Fossa condylaris (condylar fossa), 56, 60, 61 Fossa condylaris (condylar fossa), 56, 60, 61 Fossa condylaris et canalis condylaris (condylar fossa and condylar canal), 57 Fossa cranii anterior (anterior cranial fossa), 450, 451, 453 Fossa cranii media (middle cranial fossa), 11, 40, 329, 335, 337, 450, 451, 452, 458 Fossa cranii posterior (posterior cranial fossa), 11 Fossa digastrica (digastric fossa), 107, 108 Fossa for lacrimal gland (fossa glandulae lacrimalis), 4, 46, 48, 49, 52 Fossa glandulae lacrimalis (fossa for lacrimal gland), 4, 46, 48, 49, 52 Fossa hypophysialis (hypophysial fossa), 14, 22, 28, 35, 36, 37, 40, 41 Fossa hypophysialis et lingula sphenoidalis (hypophysial fossa and sphenoidal lingula), 20 Fossa infratemporalis (infratemporal fossa), 10, 279 Fossa interpeduncularis (interpeduncular fossa), 371, 377, 386, 401, 452, 453, 456, 457, 463, 503, 531, 532, 576, 584, 585, 586, 587

Fossa jugularis (jugular fossa), 19, 38, 97, 99, 103 Fossa mandibularis (mandibular fossa), 10, 38, 42, 57, 84, 94, 97, 99, 100, 103, 166, 239 Fossa pterygoidea (pterygoid fossa), 20, 21, 27, 48, 52 Fossa pterygopalatina (pterygopalatine fossa), 10, 111, 166, 465, 466 Fossa retromolaris (retromolar fossa), 107 Fossa rhomboidea (rhomboid fossa), 393, 468, 498, 588 Fossa scaphoidea (scaphoid fossa), 10, 20, 21 Fossa subarcuata (subarcuate fossa), 95, 100, 101, 103 Fossa sublingualis (sublingual fossa), 106, 108 Fossa submandibularis (submandibular fossa), 106, 108 Fossa temporalis (temporal fossa), 399 Fossa triangularis (triangular fossa), 255, 256, 264 Fourth cervical nerve, posterior ramus (nervus cervicalis quartus, posterior ramus), 227 Fourth ventricle (ventriculus quartus), 383, 388, 390, 427, 431, 448, 449, 497, 512, 513, 535, 585 Fourth ventricle, medullary stria (ventriculi quarti, striae medullares), 467 Fovea centralis (fovea centralis), 361 Fovea centralis (fovea centralis), 361 Fovea dentis (facet for dens), 117, 119, 121 Fovea pterygoidea (pterygoid fovea), 109 Fovea trochlearis (trochlear fovea), 46, 48, 49, 52 Foveolae granulares (granular foveolae), 50, 54, 55, 62 Foveola suprameatica (suprameatal triangle), 94, 265 Frontal angle (angulus frontalis), 53, 54 Frontal anteromedial branch (ramus frontalis anteromedialis), 410 Frontal bone (os frontale), 3, 5, 8, 13, 15, 16, 31, 32, 33, 34, 41, 42, 43, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 111, 154, 158 Frontal bone, orbital part (os frontale, pars orbitalis), 15, 16, 31, 32, 44, 45, 49, 52, 335, 336, 450 Frontal border (margo frontalis), 53, 54 Frontal crest (crista frontalis), 11, 12, 45, 50, 451, 453 Frontal lobe (lobus frontalis), 156, 160, 268, 269, 270, 272, 275, 394, 395, 401, 405, 406, 567, 568, 570, 571, 573 Frontal margin (margo frontalis), 20 Frontal nerve (nervus frontalis), 167, 329, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 403, 484, 501, 502, 507, 510 Frontal operculum (operculum frontale), 373, 377, 543, 553 Frontal pole (polus frontalis), 365, 366, 371, 373, 377, 522 Frontal process, maxilla (maxilla, processus frontalis), 3, 15, 29, 30, 33, 34, 69, 70, 72, 73, 74, 75, 93 Frontal process, zygomatic bone (processus frontalis, os zygomaticum), 28, 41, 42, 43, 81, 83, 84, 327 Frontal sinus (sinus frontalis), 46, 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 277, 278, 335, 336, 337, 340, 399, 453 Frontal tuber (tuber frontale), 44, 47, 51 Frontal veins (venae frontales), 396, 399, 403, 409 Frontonasal suture (sutura frontonasalis), 4, 15 Frontozygomatic suture (sutura frontozygomatica), 4, 41, 43, 395 Fundoscopic exam, left eye, 361

G Galea aponeurotica (epicranial aponeurosis), 145, 157, 158, 159 Ganglion cervicale medium (middle cervical ganglion), 210 Ganglion cervicale superius (superior cervical ganglion), 212, 216, 217, 221, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 249, 251, 307, 482, 483, 487, 495, 499 Ganglion cervicothoracicum (cervicothoracic ganglion), 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Ganglion ciliare (ciliary ganglion), 328, 342, 344, 352, 509 Ganglion geniculatum (geniculate ganglion), 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 460, 462, 504, 506, 508 Ganglion pterygopalatinum (pterygopalatine ganglion), 276, 466, 486 Ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis (dorsal root ganglion), 232, 233, 234, 236, 237, 239, 240, 241 Ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis C2 (spinal ganglion C2), 474, 475, 500 Ganglion trigeminale (trigeminal ganglion), 336, 345, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 459, 460, 461, 462, 464, 465, 484, 486, 491, 496, 502, 503, 504, 508 Ganglium sensorium nervi spinalis (spinal sensory ganglion), 467, 468 Geniculate ganglion (ganglion geniculatum), 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 460, 462, 504, 506, 508 Genioglossus muscle (musculus genioglossus), 210, 215, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305 Geniohyoid muscle (musculus geniohyoideus), 304, 305, 306, 307 Genu corpus callosum (corpus callosum, genu), 378, 381, 382, 383, 405, 428, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 525, 547, 548, 550, 551, 552, 562, 563, 564, 568, 572, 573, 574 Genu corpus callosum, forceps minor (genu of corpus callosum, minor forceps), 571 Genu of corpus callosum, minor forceps (genu corpus callosum, forceps minor), 571 Glabella (glabella), 3, 4, 5, 31, 33, 34, 44, 47 Glabella (glabella), 3, 4, 5, 31, 33, 34, 44, 47 Glandula et ductus parotidei (parotid gland and duct), 144 Glandula lacrimalis (lacrimal gland), 167, 238, 328, 329, 336, 337, 340, 343, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 495, 497, 501 Glandula lacrimalis (lacrimal gland, palpebral part), 347 Glandula lacrimalis, pars orbitalis (lacrimal gland, orbital part), 347 Glandula parotidea (parotid gland), 143, 145, 146, 149, 150, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 199, 200, 202, 211, 248, 265, 266, 326, 327 Glandula pinealis (pineal gland), 370, 375, 377, 384, 389, 421, 427, 430, 431, 432, 442, 444, 561, 572, 574, 577, 589, 590, 591 Glandula pituitaria (pituitary gland), 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 283, 284, 428, 429, 430, 431, 433, 464, 490, 491, 492 Glandula sublingualis (sublingual gland), 304, 305, 306

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

ERRNVPHGLFRVRUJ

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Index Glandula submandibularis (submandibular gland), 146, 147, 153, 154, 155, 156, 161, 162, 163, 164, 170, 171, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 184, 185, 186, 189, 192, 195, 196, 197, 199, 200, 202, 203, 247, 250, 304, 306, 307, 482, 485 Glandula thyroidea (thyroid gland), 148, 195, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 208, 216, 217, 242, 243, 250, 251, 308, 309 Globus oculi (eyeball), 330, 331, 334, 337, 344 Globus pallidus (globus pallidus), 514, 515, 516, 528, 545, 547, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 579, 583 lateral segment (globus pallidus lateralis), 530, 531, 532, 546, 548 medial segment (globus pallidus medialis), 530, 531, 532, 548, 549, 550 Globus pallidus (globus pallidus), 514, 515, 516, 528, 545, 547, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 579, 583 Globus pallidus, medialis (globus pallidus, medial segment), 530, 531, 532, 548, 549, 550 Globus pallidus lateralis (globus pallidus, lateral segment), 530, 531, 532, 546, 548 Glomus caroticum (carotid body), 210, 215, 245, 246, 247 Glossopharyngeal nerve (nervus glossopharyngeus), 12, 13, 63, 210, 212, 215, 222, 242, 244, 247, 248, 283, 284, 307, 386, 387, 388, 393, 434, 439, 441, 445, 446, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 487, 492, 494, 497, 498, 499, 500, 586 Glossopharyngeal nerve, carotid branch (nervus glossopharyngeus, ramus sinus carotici), 210, 215 Glossopharyngeal nerve, pharyngeal branch (nervus glossopharyngeus, rami pharyngei), 209, 213 Gonion (gonion), 5 Gonion (gonion), 5 Gracile fasciculus (fasciculus gracilis), 393, 589 Gracile lobule (lobulus gracilis), 385, 388 Gracile tubercle (tuberculum gracile), 393, 467, 589, 590 Granular foveolae (foveolae granulares), 50, 54, 55, 62 Great auricular nerve (nervus auricularis magnus), 154, 155, 156, 179, 182, 183, 187, 188, 189, 190, 192, 193, 195, 196, 198, 200, 202, 223, 224, 225, 233, 234, 235, 236 Great cerebral vein (vena magna cerebri), 422, 424, 425, 427, 437, 438, 497, 587, 588 Greater occipital nerve (nervus occipitalis major), 154, 156, 183, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235 Greater palatine foramen (foramen palatinum majus), 6, 10 Greater palatine groove (sulcus palatinus major), 27, 79 Greater palatine nerve (nervus palatinus major), 274, 275, 276, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487 Greater petrosal nerve (nervus petrosus major), 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 459, 460, 462, 465, 504, 506, 508, 510 Greater tympanic spine (spina tympanica major), 100 Greater wing, sphenoid bone (ala major, os sphenoi dale), 3, 5, 6, 11, 15, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27,

28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 48, 52, 63, 75, 85, 111, 327, 335 Groove for greater petrosal nerve (sulcus nervi petrosi majoris), 11, 14 Groove for inferior petrosal sinus (sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris), 62, 95, 97, 100, 102 Groove for lesser petrosal nerve (sulcus nervi petrosi minoris), 14 Groove for marginal sinus (sulcus sinus marginalis), 59 Groove for middle meningeal artery (sulcus arteriae meningeae mediae), 13, 54, 55, 58 Groove for occipital sinus (sulcus sinus occipitalis), 62 Groove for sigmoid sinus (sulcus sinus sigmoidei), 11, 14, 58, 95, 101 Groove for spinal nerve (sulcus nervi spinalis), 116, 130 Groove for superior petrosal sinus (sulcus sinus petrosi superioris), 11, 14, 37, 40, 63, 95, 98, 101, 102 Groove for superior sagittal sinus (sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris), 45, 50, 54 Groove for transverse sinus (sulcus sinus transversi), 35, 36, 37, 39, 55, 58, 59 Groove for vertebral artery (sulcus arteriae vertebra lis), 9, 117, 119, 120, 126, 129, 136, 237 Groove of crus of helix (sulcus cruris helicis), 257, 259 Grooves for arteries (sulci arteriosi), 32, 50, 63 Gyri breves insulae (short gyri of insula), 376, 554 Gyri orbitales (orbital gyri), 365, 371, 372, 373, 377, 490, 511, 512, 523, 524, 525, 576, 578, 579 Gyri paraolfactorii (paraolfactory gyri), 381, 562 Gyrus angularis (angular gyrus), 366, 367, 376, 538, 542, 553 Gyrus cinguli (cingulate gyrus), 378, 383, 404, 427, 436, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 524, 525, 526, 528, 531, 533, 535, 536, 537, 538, 551, 562, 563 Gyrus dentatus (dentate gyrus), 380, 381, 382, 536, 563, 564, 565, 581, 582 Gyrus frontalis inferior (inferior frontal gyrus), 365, 367, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 531, 532, 533, 535, 542, 543 Gyrus frontalis inferior, pars opercularis (inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part), 366, 526, 527 Gyrus frontalis inferior, pars triangularis (inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part), 366 Gyrus frontalis medialis (medial frontal gyrus), 383 Gyrus frontalis medius (middle frontal gyrus), 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 376, 396, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 531, 533, 535, 553 Gyrus frontalis superior (superior frontal gyrus), 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 376, 396, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 531, 533, 535, 544, 545, 547, 549, 551, 553 Gyrus lingualis (lingual gyrus), 370, 371, 377, 383, 539, 551, 562, 575 Gyrus longus insulae (long gyrus of insula), 376, 554 Gyrus occipitotemporalis (occipitotemporal gyrus), 372, 527

603

Gyrus occipitotemporalis lateralis (lateral occipito temporal gyrus), 370, 371, 377, 578 Gyrus occipitotemporalis medialis (medial occipitotemporal gyrus), 370, 371, 377, 380 Gyrus parahippocampalis (parahippocampal gyrus), 370, 371, 372, 374, 378, 379, 380, 514, 527, 528, 530, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 545, 546, 562, 563, 575, 580 Gyrus paraterminalis (paraterminal gyrus), 526, 562 Gyrus postcentralis (postcentral gyrus), 366, 367, 369, 376, 377, 521, 536, 537, 542, 543, 544, 545, 547, 549, 553, 554 Gyrus precentralis (precentral gyrus), 366, 367, 369, 376, 399, 520, 521, 535, 542, 543, 544, 545, 547, 549, 551, 553 Gyrus rectus (straight gyrus), 365, 370, 371, 372, 373, 377, 383, 401, 490, 511, 512, 523, 524, 525, 578, 580, 582 Gyrus supramarginalis (supramarginal gyrus), 366, 367, 376, 537, 538, 542, 553 Gyrus temporalis inferior (inferior temporal gyrus), 366, 372, 373, 376, 525, 526, 527, 538, 542, 543, 544 Gyrus temporalis medius (middle temporal gyrus), 365, 366, 367, 373, 376, 514, 525, 526, 527, 536, 542, 543, 553 Gyrus temporalis superior (superior temporal gyrus), 365, 366, 367, 373, 513, 525, 526, 543, 553 Gyrus temporalis transversi (transverse temporal gyri), 569 H Habenular commissure (commissura habenular), 383, 444 Habenular trigone (trigonum habenulare), 384 Hamulus lacrimalis (lacrimal hamulus), 92 Hamulus pterygoideus (pterygoid hamulus), 6, 7, 26, 31, 32, 33, 38, 39, 85 Handle of malleus (manubrium mallei), 105 Hard palate (palatum durum), 268, 269, 272, 274, 277, 278, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 483, 484 Head of malleus (caput mallei), 105, 454, 455 Head of mandible (condylus mandibulae), 107, 109 Head of stapes (caput stapedis), 105 Helix (helix), 255, 256, 258, 259, 264 Helix (helix), 255, 256, 258, 259, 264 Helix, spine of (spina helicis), 257 Helix, tail of (cauda helicis), 256 Hemisphere of cerebellum (hemispherium cerebelli), 237, 392, 511, 512, 513 Hemispherium cerebelli (hemisphere of cerebellum), 237, 392, 511, 512, 513 Hiatus and groove for greater petrosal nerve (hiatus canalis et sulcus nervi petrosi majoris), 98 Hiatus and groove for lesser petrosal nerve (hiatus canalis et sulcus nervi petrosi minoris), 98 Hiatus canalis et sulcus nervi petrosi majoris (hiatus and groove for greater petrosal nerve), 98 Hiatus canalis et sulcus nervi petrosi minoris (hiatus and groove for lesser petrosal nerve), 98 Hiatus canalis nervi petrosi majoris (hiatus for greater petrosal nerve), 103

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Hiatus et sinus maxillaris (maxillary hiatus and sinus), 70 Hiatus for greater petrosal nerve (hiatus canalis nervi petrosi majoris), 103 Hiatus maxillaris (maxillary hiatus), 89 Hiatus semilunaris (semilunar hiatus), 287 Highest nuchal line (linea nuchalis suprema), 9 Hippocampal digitations (digitationes hippocampi), 411, 414, 420 Hippocampus (hippocampus), 376, 380, 381, 382, 412, 513, 514, 515, 516, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 544, 545, 546, 560, 561, 574, 575, 576, 577, 580 Hippocampus (hippocampus), 376, 380, 381, 382, 412, 513, 514, 515, 516, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 544, 545, 546, 560, 561, 574, 575, 576, 577, 580 Hippocampus pes (pes hippocampi), 411, 414, 420 Horizontal fissure (fissura horizontalis), 386, 388, 389, 390, 442, 444, 587 Horizontal plate (lamina horizontalis), 7, 10, 19, 27, 28, 29, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80 Hyoglossus muscle (musculus hyoglossus), 250 Hyoid bone (os hyoideum), 153, 171, 208, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 250, 251, 299, 300, 308, 309, 311, 316, 318, 319, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325 Hyoid bone, body (os hyoideum, corpus), 311, 312, 314, 317 Hyoid bone, greater horn (os hyoideum, cornu majus), 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 320 Hyoid bone, lesser horn (os hyoideum, cornu minus), 311, 312, 314, 317 Hypoglossal canal (canalis nervi hypoglossi), 7, 11, 14, 40, 55, 57, 60, 61, 62, 283 Hypoglossal nerve (nervus hypoglossus), 12, 13, 63, 163, 171, 176, 180, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 215, 222, 239, 242, 244, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 275, 282, 283, 284, 307, 386, 387, 434, 439, 440, 469, 471, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 487, 492, 494, 495, 500, 507, 586 Hypoglossal nerve, descending root (nervus hypoglos sus, radix descendens), 211, 213 Hypoglossal trigone (trigonum nervi hyypoglossi), 467, 498, 589, 590 Hypophysial fossa (fossa hypophysialis), 14, 22, 28, 35, 36, 37, 40, 41 Hypophysial fossa and sphenoidal lingula (fossa hypophysialis et lingula sphenoidalis), 20 Hypothalamic branch (ramus hypothalamicus), 435 Hypothalamic sulcus (sulcus hypothalamicus), 378, 381, 382 Hypothalamus (hypothalamus), 551, 552 Hypothalamus (hypothalamus), 551, 552 I Impressiones gyrorum (impressions of cerebral gyri), 50, 396 Impressions of cerebral gyri (impressiones gyrorum), 11, 50, 396 Impressio trigeminalis (trigeminal impression), 14, 37, 40, 63, 95, 98, 100, 101, 102, 103 Incisive canals (canales incisivi), 6, 10, 70 Incisive foramina (foramina incisiva), 73, 77

Incisor tooth (dens incisivus), 72, 107 Incisura anterior (anterior notch), 255, 264 Incisura ethmoidalis (ethmoidal notch), 46, 48 Incisura interarytenoidea (interarytenoid notch), 251 Incisura intertragica (intertragic notch), 255, 256, 264 Incisura jugularis (jugular notch), 36, 37, 59, 62, 63, 97 Incisura mandibulae (mandibular notch), 5, 106, 107, 109 Incisura mastoidea (mastoid notch), 9, 94, 97, 99, 265, 266 Incisura nasalis (nasal notch), 69, 72 Incisura parietalis (parietal notch), 94, 95, 98 Incisura preoccipitalis (preoccipital notch), 369 Incisura sphenopalatina (sphenopalatine notch), 74, 78, 79, 80 Incisura supraorbitalis (supra-orbital notch), 3, 4, 31, 33, 34, 44, 48, 49, 51, 52 Incisura tentorii (tentorial notch), 423 Incisura thyroidea inferior (inferior thyroid notch), 311 Incisura thyroidea superior (superior thyroid notch), 308, 311, 312, 314, 317 Incisura tympanica (tympanic notch), 94, 100 Incisura vertebralis superior et inferior (superior and inferior vertebral notch), 138 Incudomallear joint (articulatio incudomallearis), 105, 261 Incudostapedial joint (articulatio incudostapedalis), 262 Incus (incus), 267, 454, 455, 504, 506 Incus (incus), 267, 454, 455, 504, 506 Incus, body of (corpus incudis), 105, 261, 263 Incus, lenticular process (processus lenticularis incudis), 105, 262 Incus, long limb (crus longum incus), 105, 261, 262, 263 Incus, short limb (crus breve incus), 105, 261, 263 Indusium griseum (indusium griseum), 569, 570 Indusium griseum (indusium griseum), 569, 570 Inferior alveolar artery (arteria alveolaris inferior), 160, 161, 162, 164, 166, 168, 169, 170 Inferior alveolar nerve (nervus alveolaris inferior), 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 174, 175, 206, 209, 210, 212, 238, 239, 279, 280, 282, 284, 485, 487, 495, 500, 507, 508, 509 Inferior anastomotic vein (vena anastomotic inferior), 398, 399, 495 Inferior articular facet (facies articularis inferior), 123, 125, 129, 132, 137, 138, 140 Inferior articular process (processus articularis inferior), 113, 116, 117, 123, 127, 130, 131, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 239 Inferior articular surface (facies articularis inferior), 112, 115, 119, 121, 126, 129, 134 Inferior cerebellar peduncle (pedunculus cerebellaris inferior), 449, 467, 468, 561, 583 Inferior colliculus (colliculus inferior), 370, 384, 437, 470, 472, 515, 550, 552, 587, 588, 589, 590 Inferior constrictor muscle (musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior), 243, 250, 302, 305, 310

Inferior constrictor muscle, cricopharyngeal part (musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior, pars cricopharyngea), 209, 309 Inferior constrictor muscle, thyropharyngeal part (musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior, pars thyropharyngea), 209 Inferior frontal gyrus (gyrus frontalis inferior), 365, 367, 513, 514, 515, 517, 518, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 531, 532, 533, 535, 542, 543 Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part (gyrus frontalis inferior, pars opercularis), 366, 526, 527 Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part (gyrus frontalis inferior, pars orbitalis), 366 Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part (gyrus frontalis inferior, pars triangularis), 366 Inferior frontal sulcus (sulcus frontalis inferior), 365, 366, 367, 376, 514, 515, 526, 553 Inferior labial branch (arteria labialis inferior), 143, 145, 147, 151, 153, 154, 155, 161, 162, 163, 164, 167, 168, 206 Inferior laryngeal artery (arteria laryngea inferior), 213 Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (fasciculus longitudi nalis inferior), 554, 555, 556, 557 Inferior medullary velum (velum medullare inferius), 390, 392, 393, 448, 588 Inferior nasal concha (concha nasalis inferior), 4, 7, 76, 77, 86, 87, 269, 270, 272, 278, 285, 286, 288, 291, 292, 293, 299, 303, 304, 305 Inferior nasal meatus (meatus nasi inferior), 268, 270, 272, 285, 286, 291, 292, 299, 303, 304, 305, 306 Inferior nasal retinal arteriole and venule (arteriola et venula nasalis retinae inferior), 361 Inferior nuchal line (linea nuchalis inferior), 6, 9, 38, 113, 230 Inferior oblique muscle (musculus obliquus inferior), 167, 238, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 334, 347, 351, 352, 353, 485, 495, 509 Inferior olive (oliva), 385, 387, 388, 389, 511, 549, 583, 584, 585, 586, 587 Inferior ophthalmic vein (vena ophthalmica inferior), 328 Inferior orbital fissure (fissura orbitalis inferior), 4, 7, 10, 18, 28, 29 Inferior parietal lobule (lobulus parietalis inferior), 366, 368, 369 Inferior petrosal sinus (sinus petrosus inferior), 12, 13, 103, 104, 491 Inferior rectus muscle (musculus rectus inferior), 274, 275, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 342, 344, 345, 352, 353, 354, 482, 483, 484, 485, 509, 510 Inferior sagittal sinus (sinus sagittalis inferior), 401, 404, 407, 409, 410, 430 Inferior semilunar lobule (lobulus semilunaris inferior), 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 444, 587 Inferior tarsus (tarsus inferior), 346 Inferior temporal gyrus (gyrus temporalis inferior), 366, 372, 373, 376, 525, 526, 527, 538, 542, 543, 544 Inferior temporal line (linea temporalis inferior), 53 Inferior temporal sulcus (sulcus temporalis inferior), 366, 373, 376, 526, 527, 553

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Inferior thyroid artery (arteria thyroidea inferior), 204, 205, 208, 209, 210, 213, 214, 216, 218, 220, 221, 309 Inferior thyroid notch (incisura thyroidea inferior), 311 Inferior thyroid vein (vena thyroidea inferior), 195, 196, 198, 204 Inferior trunk (truncus inferior), 205 Inferior vein of vermis (vena inferior vermis), 397, 440, 442, 444, 445, 447, 448, 449 Inferior veins of cerebellar hemispheres (venae inferiores cerebelli), 444, 445 Inferior vestibular area (area vestibularis inferior), 100 Infraglottic cavity (cavitas infraglottica), 316, 317, 319 Infra-orbital artery (arteria infraorbitalis), 160, 163, 164, 167, 330, 331, 332, 334, 465, 466, 486 Infra-orbital foramen (foramen infraorbitale), 3, 4, 10, 15, 18, 33, 34, 71, 72, 111, 286 Infra-orbital groove (sulcus infraorbitalis), 29, 30, 33, 69, 73 Infra-orbital margin (margo infraorbitalis), 18, 69, 72, 73 Infra-orbital nerve (nervus infraorbitalis), 147, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 160, 162, 163, 164, 167, 168, 170, 274, 330, 331, 332, 334, 347, 465, 466, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 508 Infratemporal surface (facies infratemporalis), 48 Infratrochlear nerve (nervus infratrochlearis), 274, 275 Infundibular recess (recessus infundibularis), 336, 419, 421, 451, 452, 453, 456, 552, 574 Infundibulum (infundibulum), 277, 278, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 377, 381, 382, 401, 429, 432, 434, 435, 437, 463, 464, 552, 575 Infundibulum (infundibulum), 277, 278, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 377, 381, 382, 401, 429, 432, 434, 435, 437, 463, 464, 552, 575 Infundibulum glandula pituitaria (pituitary infundibulum), 502 Innominate substance (substantia innominata), 528, 558, 559, 560, 561 Insula (insula), 415, 423, 434, 436, 438, 495, 499, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 530, 543, 554, 567, 568, 569 Insula (insula), 415, 423, 434, 436, 438, 495, 499, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 530, 543, 567, 568, 569 Insular arteries (arteriae insulares), 403, 405 Insular cortex (cortex insularis), 526, 527, 533 Insular lobe (lobus insularis), 377, 407, 411, 412, 415 Interalveolar septa (septa interalveolaria), 69, 72, 106 Interarytenoid notch (incisura interarytenoidea), 251 Intermaxillary suture (sutura intermaxillaris), 3, 72 Intermediate nerve (nervus intermedius), 454, 455, 461, 467, 468, 469, 470, 472, 473, 474 Intermediate supraclavicular nerves (nervi supracla viculares intermedii), 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 192 Intermediomedial and posteromedial frontal branch (ramus frontalis intermediomedialis et posteromedialis), 404, 405, 409, 410

Intermediomedial frontal branch (ramus frontalis intermediomedialis), 436 Internal acoustic meatus (meatus acusticus internus), 461, 506 Internal acoustic opening (porus acusticus internus), 11, 14, 37, 40, 95, 100, 101, 102 Internal capsule (capsula interna), 404, 415, 434, 517, 518, 528, 530, 531, 532, 534, 547, 548, 549, 550, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 571, 572, 573, 579, 583, 591 Internal capsule, anterior limb (capsula interna, crus anterior), 514, 515, 516 Internal capsule, posterior limb (capsula interna, crus posterior), 514 Internal carotid artery (arteria carotis interna), 24, 25, 26, 63, 102, 103, 104, 166, 172, 176, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 222, 235, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, 268, 270, 272, 274, 275, 282, 283, 284, 307, 329, 330, 335, 336, 337, 340, 343, 345, 401, 402, 407, 408, 422, 424, 425, 426, 434, 435, 437, 439, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 462, 463, 464, 468, 472, 488, 489, 490, 494, 495, 496, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 507, 508, 510 Internal carotid artery, cavernous part (arteria carotis interna, pars cavernosa), 12, 13, 276, 463, 464, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 491 Internal carotid artery, cerebral part (arteria carotis interna pars cerebralis), 276 Internal carotid artery, cervical part (arteria carotis interna, pars cervicalis), 482, 483, 484, 485, 487 Internal carotid artery, petrous part (arteria carotis interna, pars petrosa), 12, 13, 276, 459, 460, 486 Internal carotid plexus (plexus caroticus internus), 276, 492 Internal cerebral vein (venae internae cerebri), 407, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 423, 424, 425, 497 Internal jugular vein (vena jugularis interna), 63, 102, 148, 154, 156, 160, 161, 162, 164, 166, 178, 180, 183, 185, 186, 189, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 215, 216, 217, 222, 234, 235, 238, 239, 240, 242, 247, 248, 249, 482, 495, 498 Internal medullary lamina, thalamus (lamina medullaris medialis, thalamus), 534 Internal occipital crest (crista occipitalis interna), 39, 58 Internal occipital protuberance (protuberantia occipitalis interna), 11, 36, 59 Internal opening of carotid canal (apertura interna canalis carotici), 95, 96 Internal thoracic artery (arteria thoracica interna), 195, 196, 204, 205, 208, 209, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Internasal suture (sutura internasalis), 15 Interpeduncular fossa (fossa interpeduncularis), 371, 377, 386, 401, 452, 453, 456, 457, 463, 503, 531, 532, 576, 584, 585, 586, 587 Interthalamic adhesion (adhesio interthalamica), 378, 381, 382, 419, 423, 431, 432, 531, 532, 563 Interthalamic sulcus (sulcus interthalamica), 378

605

Intertragic notch (incisura intertragica), 255, 256, 264 Interventricular foramen (foramen interventriculare), 415, 416, 417, 418, 430, 431, 432, 563, 571, 572, 573 Intervertebral disc (discus intervertebralis), 216, 217, 219, 221 Intervertebral foramen (foramen intervertebrale), 111, 133, 137, 138 Intervertebral surface (facies intervertebralis), 112, 115, 125, 130, 137, 138, 139, 140 Intrajugular process (processus intrajugularis), 36, 97 Intralimbic gyrus, 563 Intraparietal sulcus (sulcus intraparietalis), 366, 367, 368, 369, 553 Iris (iris), 360 Iris (iris), 360 Isthmus gyri cinguli (isthmus of cingulate gyrus), 537, 538, 562 Isthmus of cingulate gyrus (isthmus gyri cinguli), 537, 538, 562 J Juga alveolaria (alveolar yokes), 3, 28, 34, 69, 84, 106 Jugular bulb (bulbus jugularis), 164 Jugular foramen (foramen jugulare), 6, 11, 14, 40, 222, 283, 468, 471, 500 left accessory nerve (nervus accessorius), 494 arteria carotis interna (internal carotid artery), 494 arteria inferior posterior cerebelli (posterior inferior cerebellar artery), 494 arteria maxillaris (maxillary artery), 494 arteria vertebralis (vertebral artery), 494 auricular branch, vagus nerve (ramus auricularis, nervus vagus), 494 chorda tympani (chorda tympani), 494 chorda tympani (chorda tympani), 494 facial nerve (nervus facialis), 494 glossopharyngeal nerve (nervus glossopharyn geus), 494 hypoglossal nerve (nervus hypoglossus), 494 internal carotid artery (arteria carotis interna), 494 maxillary artery (arteria maxillaris), 494 nervus accessorius (accessory nerve), 494 nervus facialis (facial nerve), 494 nervus glossopharyngeus (glossopharyngeal), 494 nervus hypoglossus (hypoglossal nerve), 494 nervus tympanicus (tympanic nerve), 494 nervus vagus (vagus nerve), 494 nervus vestibulocochlearis (vestibulocochlear nerve), 494 posterior inferior cerebellar artery (arteria inferior posterior cerebelli), 494 processus styloideus (styloid process), 494 ramus auricularis, nervus vagus (auricular branch, vagus nerve), 494 styloid process (processus styloideus), 494 sympathetic trunk (truncus sympatheticus), 494 truncus sympatheticus (sympathetic trunk), 494 tympanic nerve (nervus tympanicus), 494 vagus nerve (nervus vagus), 494 vertebral artery (arteria vertebralis), 494

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Jugular foramen (foramen jugulare) (continued) vestibulocochlear nerve (nervus vestibulo cochlearis), 494 Jugular fossa (fossa jugularis), 19, 38, 97, 99, 103 Jugular notch (incisura jugularis), 36, 37, 59, 62, 63, 97 Jugular process (processus jugularis), 36, 38, 55, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63 Jugular tubercle (tuberculum jugulare), 36, 37, 40, 59, 62 Jugular vein, superior bulb (bulbus superior venae jugularis), 267 Jugular venous arch (arcus venosus jugularis), 183, 185 Jugulodigastric node (nodus jugulodigastricus), 163, 192, 206, 208 Jugum sphenoidale (jugum sphenoidale), 20, 23, 27, 28, 32, 39, 63 Jugum sphenoidale (jugum sphenoidale), 20, 23, 27, 28, 32, 39, 63 L Labyrinthine artery (arteria labyrinthi), 441, 446 Labyrinthus cochlearis (cochlear labyrinth), 504, 508 Labyrinthus ethmoidalis (ethmoidal labyrinth), 49, 52, 64, 65, 67, 68, 501 Labyrinthus vestibularis (vestibular labyrinth), 470, 504, 507, 509 Lacrimal artery (arteria lacrimalis), 328, 336, 337, 338, 340, 342, 343, 344, 349, 351, 352, 353, 502 Lacrimal bone (os lacrimale), 4, 5, 16, 93, 111 Lacrimal caruncle (caruncula lacrimalis), 347 Lacrimal gland (glandula lacrimalis), 167, 238, 328, 329, 336, 337, 340, 343, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 495, 497, 501 Lacrimal gland, orbital part (glandula lacrimalis, pars orbitalis), 347 Lacrimal gland, palpebral part (glandula lacrimalis), 347 Lacrimal groove (sulcus lacrimalis), 4, 5, 70, 73, 74, 75, 92, 93 Lacrimal hamulus (hamulus lacrimalis), 92 Lacrimal nerve (nervus lacrimalis), 328, 329, 336, 337, 338, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 495, 501, 502, 510 Lacrimal process (processus lacrimalis), 87 Lacrimal sac (saccus lacrimalis), 347 Lambda (lambda), 8, 395, 396 Lambda (lambda), 8, 395, 396 Lambdoid border (margo lambdoideus), 59 Lambdoid suture (sutura lambdoidea), 5, 8, 9, 39, 55, 56, 57, 58, 394, 395, 396, 397 Lamina (lamina arcus vertebrae), 113, 117, 122, 123, 124, 125, 130, 131, 136, 139, 140 Lamina arcus vertebrae (lamina), 113, 117, 122, 123, 124, 125, 130, 131, 136, 139, 140 Lamina cribrosa (cribriform plate), 11, 12, 49, 50, 52, 65, 67, 286, 288, 292, 501 Lamina et foramina cribrosa (cribriform plate and foramina), 32 Lamina horizontalis (horizontal plate), 7, 10, 19, 27, 28, 29, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80 Lamina medialis (medial plate), 295

Lamina medialis processus pterygoideus (medial plate pterygoid process), 482 Lamina medullaris lateralis (lateral medullary lamina), 515, 530 Lamina medullaris medialis (medial medullary lamina), 515 Lamina medullaris medialis, thalamus (internal medullary lamina, thalamus), 534 Lamina orbitalis (orbital plate), 4, 30, 31, 34, 50, 51, 52, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69, 89, 93, 501 Lamina orbitalis os ethmoidale (orbital plate ethmoidal bone), 111 Lamina perpendicularis (perpendicular plate), 3, 4, 28, 30, 31, 49, 51, 52, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 278, 286, 288 Lamina quadrigemina (quadrigeminal plate), 430 Lamina superficialis et profunda temporalis fascia (superficial and deep layer of the temporal fascia), 144, 145 Lamina tecti (tectal plate), 383, 389, 427, 432, 442, 572, 575 Lamina terminalis (lamina terminalis), 381, 382, 383, 431 Lamina terminalis (lamina terminalis), 381, 382, 383, 431 Laryngeal cavity (cavitas laryngis), 213, 215, 216 Laryngeal inlet (aditus laryngis), 316 Laryngeal prominence (prominentia laryngea), 308, 309, 311, 312, 314, 317, 319 Laryngeal ventricle (ventriculus laryngis), 316 Laryngopharynx (pars laryngea pharyngis), 299, 300, 301, 310 Lateral aperture (apertura lateralis), 467 Lateral aperture of lateral recess (apertura lateralis recessus lateralis), 393, 445 Lateral atlanto-axial joint (articulatio atlantoaxialis lateralis), 216, 217, 241, 298, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 498 Lateral crico-arytenoid muscle (musculus cricoaryte noideus lateralis), 314, 318, 321, 322 Lateral frontobasal artery (arteria frontobasalis lateralis), 404, 405, 406 Lateral geniculate body (corpus geniculatum laterale), 374, 375, 377, 378, 380, 381, 382, 545, 546, 576, 577 Lateral lemniscus (lemniscus lateralis), 584 Lateral mass of atlas (massa lateralis atlantis), 9, 112, 113, 115, 116, 119, 120, 127, 128, 129, 134, 135, 298, 480, 481, 500 Lateral medullary lamina (lamina medullaris lateralis), 515, 530 Lateral occipital artery (arteria occipitalis lateralis), 401, 407, 423 Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus (gyrus occipitotempo ralis lateralis), 370, 371, 377, 578 Lateral olfactory stria (stria olfactoria lateralis), 408, 435, 580, 582 Lateral orbitofrontal artery (arteria orbitofrontalis lateralis), 403, 407, 409 Lateral palpebral ligament (ligamentum palpebrale laterale), 347 Lateral process of malleus (processus lateralis mallei), 105

Lateral pterygoid muscle (musculus pterygoideus lateralis), 162, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 279, 337, 338, 340, 342, 343, 344, 456, 457, 460, 462, 465, 487 Lateral recess (recessus lateralis), 391, 393, 448, 467 Lateral rectus muscle (musculus rectus lateralis), 167, 238, 328, 329, 336, 337, 338, 340, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 354, 403 Lateral semicircular canal (canalis semicircularis lateralis), 454, 455 Lateral sulcus (sulcus lateralis), 365, 367, 373, 376, 377, 534, 553 Lateral sulcus, anterior ramus (sulcus lateralis, ramus anterior), 366, 377 Lateral sulcus, ascending ramus (sulcus lateralis, ramus ascendens), 366, 376, 377 Lateral sulcus, posterior ramus (sulcus lateralis, ramus posterior), 366 Lateral supraclavicular nerves (nervi supraclavicu lares intermedii), 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 192 Lateral thyrohyoid ligament (ligamentum thyrohyoi deum laterale), 313, 314, 315, 320 Lateral vein of lateral ventricle (vena lateralis ventriculi lateralis), 424 Lateral ventricle (ventriculus lateralis), 268, 376, 378, 381, 382, 405, 414, 419, 422, 423, 434, 438, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 526, 527, 528, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 539, 544, 547, 548, 550, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563, 564, 576, 578, 580, 581, 582 Lateral ventricle, atrium (ventriculus lateralis, atrium), 412, 559, 569, 575 Lateral ventricle, frontal horn (ventriculus lateralis, cornu frontale), 415, 416 Lateral ventricle, occipital horn (ventriculus lateralis, cornu occipitale), 404, 540, 559, 570 Lateral ventricle, temporal horn (ventriculus lateralis, cornu temporale), 411, 513, 559, 574 Left brachiocephalic vein (vena brachiocephalica sinistra), 195, 198 Lemniscus lateralis (lateral lemniscus), 584 Lemniscus medialis (medial lemniscus), 564, 584, 585, 587 Lens (lens), 357, 358, 359, 360 Lens (lens), 357, 358, 359, 360 Lenticular process of incus (processus lenticularis incudis), 105 Lentiform nucleus (nucleus lentiformis), 404, 434, 570 Lesser occipital nerve (nervus occipitalis minor), 150, 182, 183, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 199, 200, 223, 224, 225, 233, 234, 235 Lesser palatine foramina (foramina palatina minora), 6, 10 Lesser palatine nerve (nervus palatinus minor), 274, 275, 276 Lesser petrosal nerve (nervus petrosus minor), 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 460, 462 Lesser tympanic spine (spina tympanica minor), 100 Lesser wing of sphenoidal bone (ala minor, os sphenoidale), 3, 11, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 39, 41, 52, 63, 75, 84, 85

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Levator anguli oris muscle (musculus levator anguli oris), 143, 144, 145, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 327 Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle (muscu lus levator labii superioris alaeque nasi), 143, 144, 145, 148, 149, 150, 151, 168, 170, 327 Levator labii superioris muscle (musculus levator labii superioris), 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, 150, 326, 327 Levator palpebrae superioris muscle (musculus levator palpebrae superioris), 167, 328, 329, 336, 337, 338, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 347, 349, 351, 352, 353, 354, 501, 510 Levator scapulae muscle (musculus levator scapulae), 163, 182, 183, 186, 187, 189, 192, 193, 194, 196, 198, 200, 201, 202, 204, 205, 224, 225, 231, 233, 234, 235, 236 Levator veli palatini muscle (musculus levator veli palatini), 222, 482 Ligamenta flava (ligamenta flava), 236 Ligamenta flava (ligamenta flava), 236 Ligamenti alaria (alar ligaments), 476, 477, 478, 479 Ligamentum apicis dentis (apical ligament of dens), 478, 479 Ligamentum cricopharyngeum (cricopharyngeal ligament), 325 Ligamentum cricothyroideum medianum (median cricothyroid ligament), 308, 309, 311, 312, 314, 316, 317, 318, 319, 321, 322, 323, 324 Ligamentum cricotracheale (cricotracheal ligament), 311, 312, 317 Ligamentum cruciforme atlantis (cruciate ligament of atlas), 475, 476 Ligamentum denticulatum (denticulate ligament), 237, 240, 241, 471, 474, 475, 493 Ligamentum longitudinalis anterior (anterior longitudinal ligament), 213, 216, 219, 221, 481, 491 Ligamentum nuchae (nuchal ligament), 224 Ligamentum palpebrale laterale (lateral palpebral ligament), 347 Ligamentum palpebrale mediale (medial palpebral ligament), 347 Ligamentum supraspinale (supraspinous ligament), 232, 233 Ligamentum thyroepiglotticum (thyro-epiglottic ligament), 323, 325 Ligamentum thyrohyoideum laterale (lateral thyro hyoid ligament), 313, 314, 315, 320 Ligamentum thyrohyoideum medianum (median thyrohyoid ligament), 308, 311, 317, 319, 321, 323 Ligamentum transversum atlantis (transverse ligament of atlas), 477, 478, 492 Ligamentum vestibulare (vestibular ligament), 318, 322, 323, 324 Ligamentum vocale (vocal ligament), 318, 319, 322, 323, 324 Limbus of sphenoid (limbus sphenoidalis), 20, 26 Limbus sphenoidalis (limbus of sphenoid), 20, 26 Limen insulae (limen insulae), 373, 374 Limen insulae (limen insulae), 373, 374 Linea mylohyoidea (mylohyoid line), 106, 108, 109

Linea nuchalis inferior (inferior nuchal line), 6, 9, 38, 113, 230 Linea nuchalis superior (superior nuchal line), 6, 9, 38, 113, 230 Linea nuchalis superior et inferior (superior and inferior nuchal lines), 56 Linea nuchalis suprema (highest nuchal line), 9 Linea obliqua (oblique line), 106, 109, 110 Linea obliqua cartilago thyroidea (oblique line of thyroid cartilage), 311, 312 Linea temporalis (temporal line), 47, 51 Linea temporalis inferior (inferior temporal line), 53 Linea temporalis superior (superior temporal line), 53, 160, 394, 395 Lingua (tongue), 175, 209, 215, 251, 268, 269, 272, 277, 278, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304 Lingual artery (arteria lingualis), 208, 209, 210, 212, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 304, 305, 306, 307, 482, 487 Lingual gyrus (gyrus lingualis), 370, 371, 377, 383, 539, 551, 562, 575 Lingual nerve (nervus lingualis), 160, 161, 162, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 174, 175, 206, 209, 210, 212, 279, 280, 282, 284, 304, 305, 306, 307, 482, 484, 485, 487, 507, 508, 509 Lingula (lingula cerebelli), 384, 388, 390 Lingula cerebelli (lingula), 384, 388, 390 Lingula mandibulae (lingula of mandible), 106, 107, 108, 109, 110 Lingula of mandible (lingula mandibulae), 106, 107, 108, 109, 110 Lingula sphenoidalis (sphenoidal lingula), 20, 21, 23, 24, 26, 27, 32, 35, 36, 37, 40, 48, 63, 77 Lobe of auricle (lobulus auriculae), 255, 264 Lobulus auriculae (lobe of auricle), 255, 264 Lobulus biventer (biventral lobule), 385, 386, 388, 389, 391 Lobulus centralis (central lobule), 384, 388, 390 Lobulus gracilis (gracile lobule), 385, 388 Lobulus paracentralis (paracentral lobule), 383, 436, 551 Lobulus parietalis inferior (inferior parietal lobule), 366, 368, 369 Lobulus parietalis superior (superior parietal lobule), 366, 367, 368, 369 Lobulus quadrangularis anterior (anterior quadrangular lobule), 384, 386, 387, 389, 443, 444 Lobulus semilunaris inferior (inferior semilunar lobule), 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 444, 587 Lobulus semilunaris superior (superior semilunar lobule), 384, 388, 389, 442 Lobulus simplex (simple lobule), 384, 389 Lobus cerebelli anterior (anterior lobe of cerebellum), 430, 439, 440, 445, 446, 587 Lobus cerebelli posterior (posterior lobe of cerebellum), 390, 431, 439, 440, 445, 587 Lobus frontalis (frontal lobe), 156, 160, 268, 269, 270, 272, 275, 394, 395, 401, 405, 406, 567, 568, 570, 571, 573 Lobus insularis (insular lobe), 377, 407, 411, 412, 415 Lobus occipitalis (occipital lobe), 236, 238, 394, 395, 397, 398, 399, 401, 405, 514, 515, 516, 517, 543, 567

607

Lobus parietalis (parietal lobe), 160, 394, 395, 399 Lobus pyramidalis (pyramidal lobe), 195 Lobus temporalis (temporal lobe), 160, 161, 163, 167, 172, 238, 239, 283, 394, 395, 399, 401, 405, 406, 434, 435, 439, 512, 515, 545, 546, 567, 569, 570, 573, 581 Locus coeruleus (locus coeruleus), 467, 468 Locus coeruleus (locus coeruleus), 467, 468 Long ciliary nerve (nervus ciliaris longus), 344, 345 Long gyrus of insula (gyrus longus insulae), 376, 554 Longissimus capitis muscle (musculus longissimus capitis), 228, 231, 232, 236 Longissimus cervicis muscle (musculus longissimus cervicis), 236 Longitudinal bands of cruciate ligament of atlas (fasciculi longitudinales ligamentum cruciforme atlantis), 477, 478 Longitudinal cerebral fissure (fissura longitudinalis cerebri), 365, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 377, 567 Longitudinal pontine fibers (fibrae pontis longitudi nales), 428 Long limb of incus (crus longum incudis), 105, 261, 262, 263 Long posterior ciliary arteries (arteriae ciliares posteriores longae), 275, 328, 333, 334, 340, 342, 343, 351, 352 Longus capitis muscle (musculus longus capitis), 206, 209, 210, 212, 214, 215, 219, 222, 281, 306, 481 Longus colli muscle (musculus longus colli), 206, 208, 209, 212, 213, 214, 215, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 481 Lunate sulcus (sulcus lunatus), 366, 369 Lung, right (pulmo dexter), 214 Lunogracile fissure (fissura lunogracilis), 385, 388 M Macula (macula lutea), 357, 361 Macula lutea (macula), 357, 361 Macular arterioles, (superior, middle, inferior) (arteriola macularis superior, media, et inferior), 361 Major forceps, corpus callosum (forceps major, corpus callosum), 518, 565, 567, 568, 571, 572, 573, 575, 576, 577, 578, 581, 583 Malleolar stria (stria mallearis), 260 Malleus, handle (manubrium mallei), 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 263 Malleus, head (caput mallei), 258, 261, 263, 504 Malleus, lateral process (processus lateralis mallei), 105, 261, 263 Malleus, neck (collum mallei), 105, 261, 263 Mammillary body (corpus mammillare), 277, 278, 336, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 377, 378, 381, 382, 383, 401, 407, 429, 451, 452, 503, 504, 513, 530, 551, 552, 565, 566, 574, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582 Mammillothalamic fasciculus (fasciculus mammillo thalamicus), 564, 565, 566, 580, 581, 582, 591 Mandible (mandibula), 15, 16, 18, 110, 114, 153, 160, 168, 171, 299, 303, 487, 500

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Mandible, angle of (angulus mandibulae), 3, 106, 108, 109, 234, 235 Mandible, body of (corpus mandibulae), 3, 106, 111 Mandible, neck of (collum mandibulae), 107, 109 Mandibula (mandible), 15, 16, 18, 110, 114, 153, 160, 168, 171, 299, 303, 487, 500 Mandibular canal (canalis mandibulae), 107, 110 Mandibular dental arcade (arcus dentalis mandibu laris), 107 Mandibular foramen (foramen mandibulae), 106, 108, 109 Mandibular fossa (fossa mandibularis), 10, 38, 42, 57, 84, 94, 97, 99, 100, 103, 166, 239 Mandibular nerve (nervus mandibularis), 12, 13, 63, 167, 172, 174, 247, 330, 337, 340, 341, 344, 345, 453, 456, 459, 460, 462, 465, 466, 486, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510 Mandibular notch (incisura mandibulae), 5, 106, 107, 109 Mandibular symphysis (symphysis mandibulae), 19, 106 Manubrium mallei (handle of malleus), 105 Manubrium mallei (malleus, handle), 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 263 Marginal sulcus (sulcus marginalis), 368, 383, 549, 551 Margo frontalis (frontal border), 53, 54 Margo frontalis (frontal margin), 20 Margo infraorbitalis (infra-orbital margin), 18, 69, 72, 73 Margo lambdoideus (lambdoid border), 59 Margo mastoideus (mastoid border), 59 Margo nasalis (nasal margin), 44, 46 Margo occipitalis (occipital border), 53, 54 Margo occipitalis (occipital margin), 94, 95, 97, 99, 101 Margo parietalis (parietal border), 20, 44, 45, 46, 94, 95, 96, 98, 99 Margo sagittalis (sagittal border), 53, 54 Margo sphenoidalis (sphenoidal margin), 32, 45, 46, 48, 50, 94, 95, 98 Margo squamosus (squamosal margin), 20, 35, 53, 54 Margo supraorbitalis (supra-orbital margin), 4, 42, 44, 46, 48 Massa lateralis, atlantis (lateral mass, atlas), 9, 112, 113, 115, 116, 119, 120, 127, 128, 129, 134, 135, 298, 480, 481, 500 Masseteric artery (arteria masseterica), 330 Masseteric nerve (nervus massetericus), 174, 279 Masseter muscle (musculus masseter), 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, 151, 153, 154, 155, 172, 178, 179, 279, 326, 327 Mastoid angle (angulus mastoideus), 53, 54 Mastoid border (margo mastoideus), 59 Mastoid canaliculus (canaliculus mastoideus), 97 Mastoid cells (cellulae mastoideae), 244, 266, 267 Mastoid fontanelle (fonticulus mastoideus), 19 Mastoid foramen (foramen mastoideum), 99 Mastoid notch (incisura mastoidea), 9, 94, 97, 99, 265, 266 Mastoid process (processus mastoideus), 5, 9, 10, 19, 38, 42, 43, 57, 84, 94, 96, 97, 99, 101, 103, 110, 111, 114, 163, 164, 166, 222, 234, 265

Mastoid process, temporal bone (processus mastoi deus, os temporale), 3 Maxilla (maxilla), 15, 16, 18, 28, 29, 30, 33, 34, 74, 75, 76, 77, 84, 93, 299, 300, 301, 302, 495 Maxilla (maxilla), 16, 18, 28, 29, 30, 33, 34, 74, 75, 76, 77, 84, 93, 299, 300, 301, 302, 495 Maxilla, body of (corpus maxillae), 28, 30, 69, 71, 93, 111 Maxilla, nasal surface (maxilla, facies nasalis), 89 Maxilla facies nasalis (maxilla, nasal surface), 89 Maxilla processus frontalis (frontal process of maxilla), 29 Maxillary artery (arteria maxillaris), 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175, 209, 210, 211, 212, 215, 238, 239, 279, 282, 330, 465, 466, 484, 485, 486, 487, 494, 495, 499, 500, 507, 508, 509 Maxillary dental arcade (arcus dentalis maxillaris), 72 Maxillary hiatus (hiatus maxillaris), 89 Maxillary hiatus and sinus (hiatus et sinus maxil laris), 70 Maxillary nerve (nervus maxillaris), 13, 63, 172, 176, 275, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 331, 332, 334, 338, 344, 345, 403, 453, 456, 457, 459, 460, 462, 464, 465, 466, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 491, 495, 499, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510 Maxillary process (processus maxillaris), 86, 87 Maxillary sinus (sinus maxillaris), 34, 74, 75, 76, 272, 274, 347, 482, 483, 484, 485, 509 Maxillary sinus and ostium (sinus maxillaris et ostium), 167 Maxillary tuberosity (tuber maxillae), 10, 71, 73, 111 Meatus acusticus externus (external acoustic meatus), 147, 161, 163, 166, 239, 256, 258, 259, 260, 265, 266, 267, 399, 454, 455, 495, 504, 506, 507, 509 Meatus acusticus internus (internal acoustic meatus), 461, 506 Meatus nasi inferior (inferior nasal meatus), 268, 270, 272, 285, 286, 291, 292, 299, 303, 304, 305, 306 Meatus nasi medius (middle nasal meatus), 268, 270, 272, 285, 286, 287, 288, 299, 303 Meatus nasi superior (superior nasal meatus), 289 Medial and lateral geniculate nuclei (nuclei corporis geniculati medialis et lateralis), 515 Medial crus of major alar cartilage (crus mediale cartilago alaris major), 277, 278 Medial dorsal nucleus (nucleus mediodorsalis), 534, 535 Medial eminence (eminentia medialis), 467, 468 Medial frontobasal artery (arteria frontobasalis medialis), 430 Medial geniculate body (corpus geniculatum mediale), 375, 377, 378, 380, 381, 382, 535, 577, 579 Medial lemniscus (lemniscus medialis), 564, 584, 585, 587 Medial longitudinal fasciculus (fasciculus longitudi nalis medialis), 589 Medial medullary lamina (lamina medullaris medialis), 515, 530 Medial occipital artery (arteria occipitalis medialis), 401, 407, 422, 423

Medial occipitotemporal gyrus (gyrus occipitotempo ralis medialis), 370, 371, 377, 380 Medial olfactory stria (stria olfactoria medialis), 435 Medial orbitofrontal artery (arteria orbitofrontalis medialis), 401, 407, 408, 423, 424, 427, 428, 429, 433, 434, 436, 490 Medial palpebral arteries (arteriae palpebrales mediales), 348, 351 Medial palpebral ligament (ligamentum palpebrale mediale), 347 Medial pterygoid muscle (musculus pterygoideus medialis), 161, 162, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 244, 245, 247 Medial rectus muscle (musculus rectus medialis), 274, 275, 276, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 337, 340, 342, 343, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 354, 482, 483, 484, 485 Medial supraclavicular nerves (nervi supraclavicu lares mediales), 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 189, 192, 199, 200 Median aperture (apertura mediana), 448 Median cricothyroid ligament (ligamentum cricothy roideum medianum), 308, 309, 311, 312, 314, 316, 317, 318, 319, 321, 322, 323, 324 Median palatine suture (sutura palatina mediana), 6, 7, 19, 72, 73, 79 Median sulcus (sulcus medianus), 467, 468 Median thyrohyoid ligament (ligamentum thyrohyoi deum medianum), 308, 311, 317, 319, 321, 323 Medulla (medulla), 268, 274, 284, 440, 446 Medulla (medulla), 268, 274, 284, 440, 446 Medulla oblongata (medulla oblongata), 237, 240, 241, 283, 383, 385, 386, 388, 390, 391, 392, 427, 439, 444, 445, 447, 449, 492, 511, 527, 531, 547, 549, 551 Medulla oblongata (medulla oblongata), 237, 240, 241, 283, 383, 385, 386, 388, 390, 391, 392, 427, 439, 444, 445, 447, 449, 492, 511, 527, 531, 547, 549, 551 Medullary striae of fourth ventricle (striae medul lares ventriculi quarti), 393 Medulla spinalis (spinal cord), 237, 238, 239, 241, 268, 474, 497, 499, 500 Medullopontine sulcus (sulcus bulbopontinus), 386, 387 Membrana atlantooccipitalis anterior (anterior atlanto-occipital membrane), 491 Membrana tectoria (tectorial membrane), 474, 475, 476, 477, 478 Membrana thyrohyoidea (thyrohyoid membrane), 308, 311, 312, 317 Membrana tympanica (tympanic membrane), 16, 222, 257, 259, 508 Membrana tympanica, pars flaccida (tympanic membrane, pars flaccida), 260 Membrana tympanica, pars tensa (tympanic membrane, pars tensa), 260 Mental foramen (foramen mentale), 3, 5, 16, 106, 109, 110, 111 Mentalis muscle (musculus mentalis), 149, 160, 164 Mental nerve (nervus mentalis), 153, 162 Mental protuberance (protuberantia mentalis), 3, 106, 112, 300, 301, 302, 303

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Mesencephalic arteries (arteriae mesencephalicae), 429, 472 Mesencephalic tract of trigeminal nerve (tractus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini), 590 Mesencephalon (midbrain), 386, 401, 407, 420, 424, 425, 442, 444, 470, 472, 496, 565 Metopic suture (sutura metopica), 15, 18 Midbrain (mesencephalon), 386, 401, 407, 420, 424, 425, 437, 442, 444, 470, 472, 496, 565 Middle cerebellar peduncle (pedunculus cerebellaris medius), 388, 467, 468, 511, 512, 513, 533, 535, 583, 587, 589, 590 Middle cerebral artery (arteria cerebri media), 402, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 410, 411, 415, 420, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 434, 436, 439, 450, 451, 452, 458, 459, 495, 502, 503, 510 Middle cerebral artery, insular part, M2 (arteria cerebri media, pars insularis, M2), 403, 499 Middle cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale medium), 210 Middle clinoid process (processus clinoideus medius), 20, 22, 41 Middle constrictor muscle (musculus constrictor pharyngis medius), 243, 302 Middle cranial fossa (fossa cranii media), 11, 40, 329, 335, 337, 450, 451, 452, 458 Middle frontal gyrus (gyrus frontalis medius), 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 376, 383, 396, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 531, 533, 535 Middle meningeal artery (arteria meningea media), 12, 13, 166, 167, 174, 175, 209, 210, 215, 279, 330, 336, 398, 452, 453, 454, 456, 457, 459, 460, 462, 465, 506, 508 Middle meningeal artery, accessory branch (ramus accessorius arteria meningea media), 175 Middle meningeal artery, frontal branch (arteria meningea media, ramus frontalis), 398 Middle meningeal artery, parietal branch (arteria meningea media, ramus parietalis), 398 Middle nasal concha (concha nasalis media), 3, 7, 31, 49, 50, 51, 52, 64, 65, 66, 68, 76, 89, 268, 269, 270, 278, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 292, 293 Middle nasal meatus (meatus nasi medius), 268, 270, 272, 285, 286, 287, 288, 299, 303 Middle scalene muscle (musculus scalenus medius), 148, 154, 156, 160, 163, 183, 184, 189, 192, 193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 201, 202, 203, 204, 216, 217, 220, 221 Middle temporal branch (ramus temporalis medius), 403, 404, 405, 406, 415 Middle temporal gyrus (gyrus temporalis medius), 365, 366, 367, 373, 376, 514, 525, 526, 536, 542, 543, 553 Middle thyroid vein (vena thyroidea media), 160, 197, 203 Middle trunk (truncus medius), 205 Minor forceps, corpus callosum (forceps minor corpus callosum), 518, 565, 567 Modiolus (modiolus cochleae), 504 Modiolus cochleae (modiolus), 504

Molar tooth (dens molaris), 72, 107 Motor root trigeminal nerve (radix motoria nervus trigeminus), 486 Muscular arteries (arteriae musculares), 332, 333, 334, 349 Musculotubal canal (canalis musculotubarius), 6 Musculus arytenoideus obliquus (oblique arytenoid muscle), 313, 315 Musculus arytenoideus transversus (transverse arytenoid muscle), 310, 313, 315 Musculus auricularis anterior (auricularis anterior muscle), 257 Musculus auricularis posterior (auricularis posterior muscle), 257, 265 Musculus auricularis superior (auricularis superior muscle), 257 Musculus buccinator (buccinator muscle), 144, 145, 146, 147, 155, 160, 161, 162, 164, 167, 168, 327, 495, 507, 509 Musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior (inferior constrictor muscle), 250, 302, 305, 310 Musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior, pars crico pharyngea (inferior constrictor muscle, cricopharyngeal part), 209, 309 Musculus constrictor pharyngis inferior, pars thyro pharyngea (inferior constrictor muscle, thyropharyngeal part), 209 Musculus constrictor pharyngis medius (middle constrictor muscle), 243, 302 Musculus constrictor pharyngis superior (superior constrictor muscle), 302 Musculus corrugator supercilii (corrugator supercilii muscle), 143, 144, 149, 151, 152, 155 Musculus cricoarytenoideus lateralis (lateral crico- arytenoid muscle), 314, 318, 321, 322 Musculus cricoarytenoideus posterior (posterior cricoarytenoid muscle), 310, 313, 315 Musculus cricothyroideus (cricothyroid muscle), 209, 321, 323 Musculus cricothyroideus, pars obliqua (cricothyroid muscle, oblique part), 308, 309, 311, 312, 317 Musculus cricothyroideus, pars recta (cricothyroid muscle, straight part), 308, 309, 311, 312, 317 Musculus depressor anguli oris (depressor anguli oris muscle), 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149 Musculus depressor labii inferioris (depressor labii inferioris muscle), 143, 145, 148, 149 Musculus depressor supercilii (depressor supercilii muscle), 148, 149, 150, 152 Musculus digastricus (digastric muscle), 235, 238, 239, 265, 299, 300 Musculus digastricus, tendo intermedius (digastric muscle, intermediate tendon), 180 Musculus digastricus, venter anterior (digastric muscle, anterior belly), 146, 160, 163, 171, 178, 180, 181, 304, 305, 306, 307, 495 Musculus digastricus, venter posterior (digastric muscle, posterior belly), 147, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 168, 169, 170, 171, 179, 206, 242, 244, 247, 495, 497, 499, 507 Musculus genioglossus (genioglossus muscle), 210, 215, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305

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Musculus geniohyoideus (geniohyoid muscle), 304, 305, 306, 307 Musculus hyoglossus (hyoglossus muscle), 250 Musculus levator anguli oris (levator anguli oris muscle), 143, 144, 145, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 327 Musculus levator labii superioris (levator labii superioris muscle), 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, 150, 326, 327 Musculus levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle), 143, 144, 145, 148, 149, 150, 151, 168, 170, 327 Musculus levator palpebrae superioris (levator palpebrae superioris muscle), 328, 329, 336, 337, 338, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 347, 349, 351, 352, 353, 354, 501, 510 Musculus levator scapulae (levator scapulae muscle), 163, 182, 183, 186, 187, 189, 192, 193, 194, 196, 198, 200, 201, 202, 204, 205, 224, 225, 231, 233, 234, 235, 236 Musculus levator scapulae (posterior scalene muscle), 182, 183, 189, 192, 193, 194, 198, 201, 235 Musculus levator veli palatini (levator veli palatini muscle), 222, 482 Musculus longissimus capitis (longissimus capitis muscle), 228, 231, 232 Musculus longissimus cervicis (longissimus cervicis muscle), 236 Musculus longus capitis (longus capitis muscle), 206, 209, 210, 212, 214, 215, 219, 222, 281, 306, 481 Musculus longus colli (longus colli muscle), 206, 208, 209, 212, 213, 214, 215, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 481 Musculus masseter (masseter muscle), 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, 151, 153, 154, 155, 172, 178, 179, 279, 326, 327 Musculus mentalis (mentalis muscle), 149, 160, 164 Musculus mylohyoideus (mylohyoid muscle), 146, 170, 171, 178, 180, 299, 304, 305, 306, 307, 482, 485, 495, 500 Musculus nasalis, pars transversa (nasalis muscle, transverse part), 143, 144, 145, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 154, 155, 156, 160, 168, 170 Musculus obliquus capitis inferior (obliquus capitis inferior muscle), 228, 229, 230, 231 Musculus obliquus capitis superior (obliquus capitis superior muscle), 227, 229 Musculus obliquus inferior (inferior oblique muscle), 167, 238, 274, 275, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 334, 347, 351, 352, 353, 485, 495, 509, 510 Musculus obliquus superior (superior oblique muscle), 274, 275, 336, 337, 338, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 347, 349, 351, 352, 354, 482, 483, 484, 501 Musculus occipitofrontalis, venter frontalis (occipito frontalis muscle, frontal belly), 143, 145, 148, 150, 151, 154, 155, 157 Musculus occipitofrontalis, venter occipitalis (occipitofrontalis muscle, occipital belly), 150, 188, 191, 225, 228 Musculus omohyoideus (omohyoid muscle), 148, 153, 154, 156, 163, 171, 181, 185, 186, 192, 193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 242, 250

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Musculus omohyoideus, tendon (omohyoid muscle, tendon), 183 Musculus omohyoideus, venter superior (omohyoid muscle, superior belly), 178, 180, 181, 308, 309 Musculus orbicularis oculi (orbicularis oculi muscle), 144, 149, 150, 151, 152, 162, 164 Musculus orbicularis oculi, pars orbitalis (orbicularis oculi muscle, orbital part), 143, 145, 146, 148, 149, 150, 155, 156, 326, 346 Musculus orbicularis oculi, pars palpebralis (orbicularis oculi muscle, palpebral part), 143, 145, 148, 149, 150, 154, 155, 156, 326, 327, 346, 348, 352, 353 Musculus orbicularis oris (orbicularis oris muscle), 143, 144, 145, 147, 148, 167, 327 Musculus palatoglossus (palatoglossus muscle), 301, 302, 303, 304 Musculus palatopharyngeus (palatopharyngeus muscle), 301 Musculus pectoralis major (pectoralis major muscle), 181, 184, 203 Musculus procerus (procerus muscle), 143, 148, 149, 151, 152 Musculus pterygoideus lateralis (lateral pterygoid muscle), 162, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 279, 337, 338, 340, 342, 343, 344, 456, 457, 460, 462, 465, 487 Musculus pterygoideus medialis (medial pterygoid muscle), 161, 162, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 244, 245, 247 Musculus rectus capitis anterior (rectus capitis anterior muscle), 176, 280, 281 Musculus rectus capitis posterior major (rectus capitis posterior major muscle), 229 Musculus rectus capitis posterior minor (rectus capitis posterior minor muscle), 226, 227, 228, 229 Musculus rectus inferior (inferior rectus muscle), 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 342, 344, 345, 352, 353, 354, 482, 483, 484, 485, 509 Musculus rectus lateralis (lateral rectus muscle), 167, 238, 328, 329, 336, 337, 338, 340, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 354, 403 Musculus rectus medialis (medial rectus muscle), 274, 275, 276, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 337, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 354, 482, 483, 484, 485 Musculus rectus superior (superior rectus muscle), 328, 329, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 354, 495, 501, 509, 510 Musculus salpingopharyngeus (salpingopharyngeus muscle), 301 Musculus scalenus anterior (anterior scalene muscle), 185, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 213, 214, 215, 218, 220 Musculus scalenus medius (middle scalene muscle), 148, 154, 156, 160, 163, 183, 184, 189, 192, 193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 201, 202, 203, 204, 216, 217, 220, 221 Musculus semispinalis cervicis (semispinalis cervicis muscle), 226, 227, 228, 229, 231, 232

Musculus serratus posterior superior (serratus posterior superior muscle), 224, 225 Musculus splenius capitis (semispinalis capitis muscle), 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 265 Musculus splenius capitis (splenius capitis muscle), 182, 183, 186, 187, 188, 189, 191, 192, 193, 200, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 231 Musculus splenius cervicis (splenius cervicis muscle), 182, 183, 187, 189, 190, 193, 194, 198, 224, 225, 236 Musculus stapedius (stapedius muscle), 261, 262, 263 Musculus sternocleidomastoideus (sternocleidomastoid muscle), 143, 145, 147, 154, 155, 178, 179, 181, 182, 183, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 192, 199, 223, 224, 232, 242, 247, 251, 265, 497, 507 Musculus sternocleidomastoideus, caput sternalis (sternocleidomastoid muscle, sternal head), 184 Musculus sternohyoideus (sternohyoid muscle), 146, 148, 153, 154, 156, 160, 171, 178, 180, 181, 185, 192, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200, 203, 250, 308, 309 Musculus sternothyroideus (sternothyroid muscle), 156, 192, 193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 199, 203, 308 Musculus styloglossus (styloglossus muscle), 163, 164, 166, 167, 175, 307, 485, 498, 500 Musculus stylohyoideus (stylohyoid muscle), 163, 164, 166, 167, 175, 238, 239, 485, 487, 495, 498, 507, 508 Musculus stylopharyngeus (stylopharyngeus muscle), 175, 245, 246, 307, 498, 500 Musculus subclavius (subclavius muscle), 194, 202 Musculus temporalis (temporalis muscle), 145, 147, 154, 155, 156, 159, 169, 172, 279, 326, 327, 329 Musculus tensor tympani (tensor tympani muscle), 103, 104, 454, 455, 456, 457, 460, 462, 506 Musculus tensor tympani et tuba auditiva (tensor tympani muscle and pharyngotympanic tube), 103 Musculus tensor veli palatini (tensor veli palatini muscle), 222, 280, 483, 484 Musculus thyroarytenoideus (thyro-arytenoid muscle), 314, 318, 321 Musculus thyroarytenoideus, pars thyroepiglottica (thyro-arytenoid muscle, thyro-epiglottic part), 315, 321 Musculus thyrohyoideus (thyrohyoid muscle), 160, 163, 171, 178, 180, 181, 185, 202, 250, 308, 309 Musculus transversus auriculae (transverse muscle of auricle), 257 Musculus trapezius (trapezius muscle), 181, 182, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 201, 202, 223 Musculus uvulae (uvular muscle), 247 Musculus vocalis (vocal muscle), 318, 319, 322 Musculus zygomaticus major (zygomaticus major muscle), 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, 150, 326, 327

Musculus zygomaticus minor (zygomaticus minor muscle), 143, 144, 145, 149 Mylohyoid groove (sulcus mylohyoideus), 106, 108 Mylohyoid line (linea mylohyoidea), 106, 108, 109 Mylohyoid muscle (musculus mylohyoideus), 146, 170, 171, 178, 180, 299, 304, 305, 306, 307, 482, 485, 495, 500 N Nares (nares), 483, 484 Nares (nares), 483, 484 Nasal bone (os nasale), 5, 15, 16, 18, 34, 76, 111 Nasal cavity (cavitas nasi), 3, 175, 285 Nasal crest (crista nasalis), 34, 70, 72, 73, 78 Nasal foramina (foramina nasalia), 90 Nasal fossa (cavum nasi), 251 Nasalis muscle, transverse part (musculus nasalis, pars transversa), 143, 144, 145, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 154, 155, 156, 160, 168, 170 Nasal margin (margo nasalis), 44, 46 Nasal notch (incisura nasalis), 69, 72 Nasal septum (septum nasi), 172, 285, 289, 290, 292, 294, 483 Nasal spine (spina nasalis), 31, 33, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 51, 52 Nasal surface (facies nasalis), 70, 74, 76 Nasion et sutura nasofrontalis (nasion and naso frontal suture), 3 Nasociliary nerve (nervus nasociliaris), 338, 339, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 510 Nasofrontal vein (vena nasofrontalis), 151, 152 Nasolacrimal duct (ductus nasolacrimale), 272, 274, 275, 330, 347 Nasomaxillary suture (sutura nasomaxillaris), 4, 5 Nasopharynx (pars nasalis pharyngis), 176, 217, 248, 280, 281, 293, 294, 296, 297, 299, 300, 301, 302 Nerve of pterygoid canal (nervus canalis pterygoideus), 26, 172, 176, 275, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 330, 462, 466, 483, 484, 485, 486, 509 Nerve to mylohyoid (nervus mylohyoideus), 162, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 175, 180, 238 Nervi alveolares superiores (superior alveolar nerves), 465, 466, 495, 499 Nervi cervicales (cervical nerves), 243 Nervi ciliares breves (short ciliary nerves), 328, 334, 342, 344, 345, 351 Nervi facialis et vestibulocochlearis (facial and vestibulocochlear nerves), 63, 104 Nervi supraclaviculares (supraclavicular nerves), 154, 156, 193, 234, 235 Nervi supraclaviculares intermedii (intermediate supraclavicular nerves), 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 192 Nervi supraclaviculares intermedii (lateral supraclavicular nerves), 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 189, 192 Nervi supraclaviculares mediales (medial supraclavicular nerves), 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 189, 192, 199, 200 Nervus abducens (abducens nerve), 242, 244, 247, 268, 270, 274, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 284, 338, 339, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 386, 387, 388, 389, 403, 434, 435,

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index 436, 437, 439, 440, 441, 445, 446, 462, 464, 469, 470, 472, 473, 474, 483, 484, 485, 486, 491, 492, 496, 499, 506, 507, 509, 583, 584, 586 Nervus accessorius (accessory nerve), 12, 13, 63, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 183, 186, 187, 189, 190, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 203, 212, 216, 217, 219, 221, 222, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 251, 283, 284, 386, 387, 392, 393, 434, 439, 440, 445, 446, 447, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 492, 494, 495, 497, 498, 499, 500, 507, 508, 509, 586, 588, 589, 590, 591 Nervus alveolaris inferior (inferior alveolar nerve), 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 174, 175, 206, 209, 210, 212, 238, 239, 279, 280, 282, 284, 485, 487, 495, 500, 507, 508, 509 Nervus alveolaris superior posterior (posterior superior alveolar nerve), 170 Nervus auricularis magnus (great auricular nerve), 154, 155, 156, 179, 182, 183, 187, 188, 189, 190, 192, 193, 195, 196, 198, 200, 202, 223, 224, 225, 233, 234, 235, 236 Nervus auricularis posterior (posterior auricular nerve), 156 Nervus auriculotemporalis (auriculotemporal nerve), 145, 154, 155, 156, 161, 162, 163, 166, 167, 174, 175, 206, 209, 210, 211, 212, 215, 279, 282, 284, 507 Nervus buccalis (buccal nerve), 161, 162, 164, 166, 168, 169, 170, 174, 175, 238, 239, 280, 495, 507, 508, 509 Nervus canalis pterygoideus (nerve of pterygoid canal), 26, 172, 176, 275, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 330, 462, 466, 483, 484, 485, 486, 509 Nervus cervicalis C1 (cervical nerve C1), 439, 498 Nervus cervicalis C1, radix anterior (cervical nerve C1, anterior root), 493 Nervus cervicalis C2 (cervical nerve C2), 467, 498 Nervus cervicalis C3 (cervical nerve C3), 242, 244 Nervus cervicalis C4 (cervical nerve C4), 242 Nervus cervicalis quartus, posterior ramus (fourth cervical nerve, posterior ramus), 227 Nervus chorda tympani (chorda tympani nerve), 485, 487 Nervus ciliaris longus (long ciliary nerve), 344, 345 Nervus cochlearis (cochlear nerve), 455 Nervus craniales accessorius (accessory cranial nerve), 492 Nervus craniales glossopharyngeus (glossopharyngeal cranial nerve), 492 Nervus craniales vagus (vagus cranial nerve), 492 Nervus ethmoidalis anterior (anterior ethmoidal nerve), 332, 343, 344, 345 Nervus ethmoidalis posterior (posterior ethmoidal nerve), 331, 332 Nervus facialis (facial nerve), 12, 13, 63, 147, 154, 155, 161, 163, 166, 168, 169, 170, 180, 181, 182, 183, 185, 189, 202, 209, 211, 212, 239, 242, 244, 247, 263, 267, 326, 386, 387, 388, 389, 434, 437, 439, 440, 441, 445, 446, 454, 455, 457, 461, 462, 467, 468, 469, 470, 472,

473, 474, 494, 495, 497, 498, 499, 500, 504, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 584, 585, 586, 589, 590, 591 Nervus facialis, rami buccales (facial nerve, buccal branches), 143, 144, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 153, 155, 156, 327 Nervus facialis, rami temporales (facial nerve, temporal branches), 143, 144, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 156, 158, 159, 265, 266, 327, 394 Nervus facialis, rami zygomatici (facial nerve, zygomatic branches), 143, 144, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 156, 327 Nervus facialis, ramus anastomoticus (facial nerve, anastomotic branch of), 151, 153 Nervus facialis, ramus cervicalis (facial nerve, cervical branch), 145, 146, 149, 151, 153, 155, 178, 179 Nervus facialis, ramus marginalis mandibularis (facial nerve, marginal mandibular branch), 143, 145, 146, 151, 153, 156, 179 Nervus facialis et vestibulocochlearis (facial and vestibulocochlear nerves), 103 Nervus frontalis (frontal nerve), 167, 329, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 403, 484, 501, 502, 507, 510 Nervus glossopharyngeus (glossopharyngeal nerve), 12, 13, 63, 210, 212, 215, 222, 242, 244, 247, 248, 283, 284, 307, 386, 387, 388, 393, 434, 439, 441, 445, 446, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 487, 494, 497, 498, 499, 500, 586 Nervus glossopharyngeus, rami pharyngei (glossopharyngeal nerve, pharyngeal branch), 209, 213 Nervus glossopharyngeus, ramus sinus carotici (glossopharyngeal nerve, carotid branch), 210, 215 Nervus hypoglossus (hypoglossal nerve), 12, 13, 63, 163, 171, 176, 180, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 215, 222, 239, 242, 244, 246, 247, 248, 249, 275, 282, 283, 284, 307, 386, 387, 434, 439, 440, 446, 469, 471, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 487, 492, 494, 495, 500, 507, 586 Nervus hypoglossus, radix descendens (hypoglossal nerve, descending root), 213 Nervus infraorbitalis (infra-orbital nerve), 147, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 160, 162, 163, 164, 167, 168, 170, 274, 330, 331, 332, 334, 347, 465, 466, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 508 Nervus infratrochlearis (infratrochlear nerve), 274, 275 Nervus intermedius (intermediate nerve), 454, 455, 461, 467, 468, 469, 470, 472, 473, 474 Nervus lacrimalis (lacrimal nerve), 328, 329, 336, 337, 338, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 495, 501, 502, 510 Nervus laryngeus recurrens (recurrent laryngeal nerve), 208, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 312, 313 Nervus laryngeus superior, ramus externus (superior laryngeal nerve, external branch), 209, 245, 246, 250, 309 Nervus laryngeus superior, ramus internus (superior laryngeal nerve, internal branch), 208, 209,

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210, 244, 245, 246, 249, 250, 309, 310, 312, 313, 314, 315 Nervus lingualis (lingual nerve), 160, 161, 162, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 174, 175, 206, 209, 210, 212, 279, 280, 282, 284, 304, 305, 306, 307, 482, 484, 485, 487, 507, 508, 509 Nervus mandibularis (mandibular nerve), 12, 13, 63, 167, 172, 174, 247, 330, 337, 340, 341, 344, 345, 453, 456, 459, 460, 462, 465, 466, 486, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510 Nervus massetericus (masseteric nerve), 174, 279 Nervus maxillaris (maxillary nerve), 13, 63, 172, 176, 275, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 331, 332, 334, 338, 344, 345, 403, 453, 456, 457, 459, 460, 462, 464, 465, 466, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 491, 495, 499, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510 Nervus mentalis (mental nerve), 153, 162 Nervus mylohyoideus (nerve to mylohyoid), 162, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 175, 180, 238 Nervus nasociliaris (nasociliary nerve), 338, 339, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 510 Nervus occipitalis major (greater occipital nerve), 154, 156, 183, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235 Nervus occipitalis minor (lesser occipital nerve), 150, 182, 183, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 199, 200, 223, 224, 225, 233, 234, 235 Nervus occipitalis tertius (third occipital nerve), 225, 227, 229, 236 Nervus oculomotorius (oculomotor nerve), 268, 270, 272, 274, 275, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 329, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 353, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 377, 383, 384, 386, 389, 420, 422, 423, 424, 434, 435, 436, 437, 440, 441, 442, 453, 454, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 469, 472, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 491, 496, 499, 501, 502, 503, 504, 506, 507, 509, 552, 586, 587 Nervus oculomotorius (oculomotor nerve, medial rectus branch), 352 Nervus oculomotorius, ramus inferior (oculomotor nerve, inferior branch), 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 339, 342, 344, 349, 351, 352, 353 Nervus oculomotorius, ramus superior (oculomotor nerve, superior branch), 338, 339, 342, 344 Nervus olfactorius (olfactory nerve), 329, 372, 373, 374, 377, 378, 381, 401, 407, 490, 502, 561, 565, 581 Nervus ophthalmicus (ophthalmic nerve), 276, 337, 340, 345, 457, 459, 460, 463, 464, 465, 466, 484, 486, 501, 506, 507, 508, 509 Nervus opticus (optic nerve), 12, 13, 63, 172, 176, 275, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 328, 329, 330, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 351, 352, 353, 355, 356, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 377, 401, 424, 425, 426, 432, 434, 435, 450, 451, 452, 453, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 462, 463, 464, 489, 501, 502, 503, 504, 507, 509, 510, 577, 578 Nervus palatinus major (greater palatine nerve), 274, 275, 276, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Nervus palatinus minor (lesser palatine nerve), 274, 275, 276 Nervus petrosus major (greater petrosal nerve), 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 459, 460, 462, 465, 504, 506, 508, 510 Nervus petrosus minor (lesser petrosal nerve), 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 460, 462 Nervus petrosus profundus (deep petrosal nerve), 455, 510 Nervus phrenicus (phrenic nerve), 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Nervus spinalis (spinal nerve), 133, 232, 233 Nervus spinalis, C1 (spinal nerve, C1), 434 Nervus spinalis C1 (spinal nerve C1), 474, 475 Nervus spinalis radix sensoria C2 (spinal nerve C2, sensory root), 474 Nervus suboccipitalis (suboccipital nerve), 233, 235, 237, 241 Nervus supraorbitalis (supra-orbital nerve), 151, 152, 167, 337, 338, 340, 343, 345, 347 Nervus supratrochlearis (supratrochlear nerve), 151, 152, 337, 338, 340, 343, 345, 347, 348 Nervus temporalis profundus (deep temporal nerve), 170, 175 Nervus transversus colli (transverse cervical nerve), 153, 154, 179, 181, 182, 183, 185, 189, 192, 193, 200 Nervus trigeminus (trigeminal nerve), 247, 336, 386, 388, 389, 434, 436, 437, 439, 440, 441, 443, 445, 454, 455, 457, 460, 461, 462, 464, 469, 470, 472, 502, 503, 504, 561, 584, 585, 586, 589, 590 Nervus trigeminus, radix motoria (trigeminal nerve, motor root), 461 Nervus trigeminus, radix sensoria (trigeminal nerve, sensory root), 461 Nervus trigeminus radix sensoria et motoria (trigeminal nerve, sensory and motor roots of), 435 Nervus trochlearis (trochlear nerve), 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 386, 389, 434, 436, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 454, 456, 457, 459, 460, 461, 463, 464, 465, 466, 468, 469, 470, 472, 485, 486, 495, 496, 499, 501, 502, 503, 504, 506, 507, 509, 510, 584, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591 Nervus tympanicus (tympanic nerve), 470, 471, 473, 494 Nervus vagus (vagus nerve), 12, 63, 146, 178, 179, 180, 195, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 282, 283, 284, 386, 387, 388, 393, 434, 439, 445, 446, 448, 467, 468, 469, 470, 472, 473, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 494, 495, 497, 499, 500, 507, 586 Nervus vestibularis (vestibular nerve), 461 Nervus vestibularis, pars superior (vestibular nerve, superior part), 454, 455 Nervus vestibulocochlearis (vestibulocochlear nerve), 12, 13, 63, 242, 244, 247, 386, 387, 388, 434, 437, 439, 440, 441, 445, 446, 467, 468, 469,

470, 472, 473, 474, 494, 497, 499, 504, 584, 585, 586, 590 Nodule (nodulus), 390, 393, 448, 513, 535, 536, 585, 589 Nodulus (nodule), 390, 393, 448, 513, 535, 536, 585, 589 Nodus cervicales lateralis profundi (deep lateral cervical nodes), 193 Nodus jugulodigastricus (jugulodigastric node), 163, 192, 206, 208 Nuchal ligament (ligamentum nuchae), 224 Nuclei corporis geniculati medialis et lateralis (medial and lateral geniculate nuclei), 515 Nuclei pulvinares (pulvinar nuclei), 535, 536, 545, 546 Nucleus accumbens (nucleus accumbens), 527, 528, 549, 550, 564, 574, 578, 579 Nucleus accumbens (nucleus accumbens), 527, 528, 549, 550, 564, 574, 578, 579 Nucleus basalis (basal nucleus), 513 Nucleus caudatus (caudate nucleus), 381, 382, 416, 518, 526, 527, 528, 530, 531, 532, 533, 536, 547, 548, 549, 550, 558, 560, 561, 562, 563, 571, 574, 580, 581, 582, 583 Nucleus caudatus, cauda (caudate nucleus, tail), 534, 535, 536, 559, 561, 577 Nucleus caudatus, corpus (caudate nucleus, body), 534, 535, 559, 568 Nucleus dentatus (dentate nucleus), 513, 536, 537, 545, 547, 549, 564, 584, 585, 587, 588, 589 Nucleus lentiformis (lentiform nucleus), 404, 434, 570 Nucleus mediodorsalis (medial dorsal nucleus), 534, 535 Nucleus nervi abducentis (nucleus of abducens nerve), 585, 589, 590 Nucleus of abducens nerve (nucleus nervi abducen tis), 585, 589, 590 Nucleus principalis nervi trigemini (principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve), 583 Nucleus ruber (red nucleus), 370, 371, 375, 377, 378, 502, 514, 533, 534, 564, 574, 589, 590, 591 Nucleus subthalamicus (subthalamic nucleus), 531, 532, 548, 550, 574, 591 Nutrient canal (canalis nutriens), 122 Nutrient foramen (foramen nutricium), 130 O Obex (obex), 391, 392, 393, 449, 467, 498, 589, 590 Obex (obex), 391, 392, 393, 449, 467, 498, 589, 590 Oblique arytenoid muscle (musculus arytenoideus obliquus), 313, 315 Oblique line (linea obliqua), 106, 109, 110 Oblique line of thyroid cartilage (linea obliqua cartilago thyroidea), 311, 312 Obliquus capitis inferior muscle (musculus obliquus capitis inferior), 228, 229, 230, 231 Obliquus capitis superior muscle (musculus obliquus capitis superior), 227, 229 Occipital angle (angulus occipitalis), 53, 54 Occipital artery (arteria occipitalis), 154, 156, 163, 166, 182, 183, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 209, 210, 211, 212, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 234, 236, 238, 239, 242, 244, 245, 247, 248, 265, 266, 267, 499, 500, 507

Occipital artery, sternocleidomastoid branch (arteria occipitalis, ramus sternocleidomastoideus), 211 Occipital bone (os occipitale), 6, 8, 9, 16, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 55, 56, 57, 58, 111, 234, 237, 240 Occipital border (margo occipitalis), 53, 54 Occipital condyle (condylus occipitalis), 5, 6, 7, 19, 35, 38, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 61, 62, 244 Occipital groove (sulcus arteriae occipitalis), 97, 99 Occipital lobe (lobus occipitalis), 236, 238, 394, 395, 397, 398, 399, 401, 405, 514, 515, 516, 517, 543, 567 Occipital margin (margo occipitalis), 94, 95, 97, 99, 101 Occipital pole (polus occipitalis), 369, 370, 371, 377, 383, 540 Occipital vein (vena occipitalis), 202, 223, 225, 397, 399, 400, 403, 409, 410 Occipitofrontalis muscle, frontal belly (musculus occipitofrontalis, venter frontalis), 143, 145, 148, 149, 150, 151, 154, 155, 157 Occipitofrontalis muscle, occipital belly (musculus occipitofrontalis, venter occipitalis), 150, 188, 191, 225, 228 Occipitomastoid suture (sutura occipitomastoidea), 19, 57, 58, 114, 397 Occipitotemporal branch (ramus occipitotemporalis), 401, 407 Occipitotemporal gyrus (gyrus occipitotemporalis), 372, 527 Occipitotemporal sulcus (sulcus occipitotemporalis), 370, 371, 377, 527 Oculomotor nerve (nervus oculomotorius), 268, 270, 272, 274, 275, 276, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 329, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 353, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 377, 383, 384, 386, 389, 420, 422, 423, 424, 434, 435, 436, 437, 440, 441, 442, 453, 454, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 469, 472, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 491, 496, 499, 501, 502, 503, 504, 506, 507, 509, 552, 586, 587 Oculomotor nerve, inferior branch (nervus oculomo torius, ramus inferior), 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 339, 342, 344, 349, 351, 352, 353 Oculomotor nerve, medial rectus branch (nervus oculomotorius), 349, 352 Oculomotor nerve, superior branch (nervus oculo motorius, ramus superior), 338, 339, 342, 344 Olfactory bulb (bulbus olfactorius), 335, 336, 337, 340, 341, 343, 365, 370, 371, 373, 377, 450, 451, 453, 511 Olfactory nerve (nervus olfactorius), 329, 372, 373, 374, 377, 378, 381, 401, 407, 490, 502, 561, 565, 581 Olfactory striae (striae olfactoriae), 576, 577, 579 Olfactory sulcus (sulcus olfactorius), 365, 371, 373, 377 Olfactory tract (tractus olfactorius), 275, 335, 336, 341, 343, 365, 370, 371, 408, 426, 435, 450, 451, 452, 453, 458, 459, 511, 549, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Olfactory trigone (trigonum olfactorium), 374 Olfactory tubercle (tuberculum olfactorium), 377 Oliva (inferior olive), 385, 387, 388, 389, 511, 549, 583, 584, 585, 586, 587 Omohyoid muscle (musculus omohyoideus), 146, 148, 153, 154, 156, 163, 171, 181, 185, 186, 192, 193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 242, 250 Omohyoid muscle, superior belly (musculus omohyoi deus, venter superior), 178, 180, 181, 308, 309 Omohyoid muscle, tendon (musculus omohyoideus, tendon), 183 Opening of cochlear canaliculus (apertura canaliculi cochleae), 95, 97, 100 Opening of nasolacrimal duct (apertura ductus nasolacrimalis), 291, 292 Opening of sphenoidal sinus (apertura sinus sphenoi dalis), 27, 85, 290 Opening of vestibular canaliculus (apertura canaliculi vestibuli), 37, 100, 101, 102 Operculum frontale (frontal operculum), 373, 377, 543, 553 Operculum parietale (parietal operculum), 373, 377, 543 Operculum temporale (temporal operculum), 373, 543 Ophthalmic artery (arteria ophthalmica), 330, 332, 333, 334, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 435, 464, 489 Ophthalmic nerve (nervus ophthalmicus), 276, 337, 340, 345, 457, 459, 460, 463, 464, 465, 466, 484, 486, 501, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510 Opisthion (opisthion), 6, 60, 61 Opisthion (opisthion), 6, 60, 61 Optic canal (canalis opticus), 3, 4, 11, 14, 20, 22, 23, 25, 26 Optic canal and optic nerve (canalis opticus et nervus opticus), 26 Optic chiasm (chiasma opticum), 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 284, 329, 335, 336, 337, 340, 371, 373, 378, 381, 382, 383, 385, 408, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432, 435, 453, 456, 463, 464, 490, 491, 526, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 575, 576, 577, 580, 581, 582, 587 Optic disc (discus nervi optici), 357, 361 Optic nerve (nervus opticus), 12, 13, 63, 172, 176, 275, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 328, 329, 330, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 351, 352, 353, 355, 356, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 377, 401, 424, 425, 426, 432, 434, 435, 450, 451, 452, 453, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 462, 463, 464, 489, 501, 502, 503, 504, 507, 509, 510, 577, 578 Optic radiation (radiato optica), 558, 559, 560, 573, 576, 578 Optic radiation, geniculocalcarine fibers (radiato optica, fibrae geniculocalcarinae), 583 Optic tract (tractus opticus), 370, 371, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 381, 382, 435, 513, 528, 530, 532, 548, 576, 577, 578, 580, 581, 582 Oral cavity (cavitas ori), 482 Ora serrata (ora serrata), 357, 358, 359 Ora serrata (ora serrata), 357, 358, 359

Orbicularis oculi muscle (musculus orbicularis oculi), 144, 149, 150, 151, 152, 162, 164 Orbicularis oculi muscle, orbital part (musculus orbicularis oculi, pars orbitalis), 143, 145, 146, 148, 149, 150, 155, 156, 326, 346 Orbicularis oculi muscle, palpebral part (musculus orbicularis oculi, pars palpebralis), 143, 145, 148, 149, 150, 154, 155, 156, 326, 327, 346, 348, 352, 353 Orbicularis oris muscle (musculus orbicularis oris), 143, 144, 145, 147, 148, 167, 327 Orbit (orbita), 3, 172, 238, 279, 336, 347, 399 Orbita (orbit), 3, 172, 238, 279, 336, 347, 399 Orbital cavity (cavitas orbitalis), 111 Orbital fat body (corpus adiposum orbitae), 335, 348, 453, 501 Orbital gyri (gyri orbitales), 365, 371, 372, 373, 377, 490, 511, 512, 523, 524, 525, 576, 578, 579 Orbital part, frontal bone (pars orbitalis, os frontale), 15, 16, 31, 32, 44, 45, 49, 52, 335, 336, 450 Orbital plate (lamina orbitalis), 4, 30, 31, 34, 50, 51, 52, 64, 65, 66, 67, 89, 93, 111, 501 Orbital process (processus orbitalis), 28, 29, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 295 Orbital septum (septum orbitale), 327, 328, 329, 346, 348, 349, 351 Orbital sulcus (sulcus orbitales), 365, 371, 373, 374, 377, 576, 578, 579 Orbital surface (facies orbitalis), 26, 28, 29, 30, 34, 46, 48, 69, 72, 81, 83, 84, 93 Orbital tubercle (tuberculum orbitale), 81 Oropharynx (pars oralis pharyngis), 217, 299, 300 Os ethmoidale (ethmoidal bone), 30, 31, 34, 49, 50, 51, 52, 76, 89, 93, 286, 288 Os frontale (frontal bone), 3, 5, 8, 13, 15, 16, 31, 32, 33, 34, 41, 42, 43, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 111, 154, 158 Os frontale, pars orbitalis (frontal bone, orbital part), 335, 336, 450 Os hyoideum (hyoid bone), 153, 171, 208, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 250, 251, 299, 300, 308, 309, 311, 316, 318, 319, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325 Os hyoideum, cornu majus (hyoid bone, greater horn), 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 320 Os hyoideum, cornu minus (hyoid bone, lesser horn), 311, 312, 314, 317 Os hyoideum, corpus (hyoid bone, body), 311, 312, 314, 317 Os lacrimale (lacrimal bone), 4, 5, 16, 93, 111 Os nasale (nasal bone), 5, 15, 16, 18, 34, 76, 111 Os occipitale (occipital bone), 6, 8, 9, 16, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 55, 56, 57, 58, 111, 234, 237, 240 Os palatinum (palatine bone), 27, 28, 29, 74, 75, 76, 77 Os parietale (parietal bone), 5, 9, 16, 19, 39, 40, 43, 47, 55, 56, 57, 58, 111 Ossicula auditoria (auditory ossicles), 16, 456, 457 Os sphenoidale (sphenoid bone), 16, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 48, 52, 75, 77, 84, 85, 488 Os sphenoidale, ala major (greater wing, sphenoid bone), 3, 5, 6, 11, 15, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 48, 52, 63, 75, 85, 111, 327, 335

613

Os sphenoidale, ala minor (lesser wing, sphenoid bone), 3, 11, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 35, 36, 37, 39, 41, 52, 63, 75, 84, 85 Os sphenoidale, corpus (sphenoid bone, body of), 10, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 41, 48, 75 Os suturale (sutural bone), 8 Os temporale (temporal bone), 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 57, 58, 63, 84, 85, 110 Ostium pharyngeum tubae auditoriae (pharyngeal opening of auditory tube), 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 277, 278, 279, 293, 294, 296, 297, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303 Os zygomaticum (zygomatic bone), 4, 5, 6, 7, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 29, 33, 41, 42, 43, 84, 85, 111 Oval window (fenestra vestibuli), 100 P Palatine bone (os palatinum), 27, 28, 29, 74, 75, 76, 77 Palatine process (processus palatinus), 28, 29, 30, 33, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 84 Palatine process, maxilla (processus palatinus, maxilla), 7, 19 Palatine tonsil (tonsilla palatina), 268, 300, 301, 302 Palatine uvula (uvula palatina), 251, 299, 300 Palatoglossal arch (arcus palatoglossus), 300 Palatoglossus muscle (musculus palatoglossus), 301, 302, 303, 304 Palatopharyngeal arch (arcus palatopharyngeus), 299, 300 Palatopharyngeus muscle (musculus palatopharyn geus), 301 Palatovaginal groove (sulcus palatovaginalis), 48 Palatum durum (hard palate), 268, 269, 272, 274, 277, 278, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 483, 484 Palatum molle (soft palate), 172, 175, 176, 251, 268, 269, 272, 277, 278, 280, 294, 296, 297, 299, 300, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 483, 484 Palatum osseum (bony palate), 77, 89 Paracentral branches (rami paracentrales), 410 Paracentral lobule (lobulus paracentralis), 383, 436, 551 Paracentral sulcus (sulcus paracentral), 383 Parahippocampal gyrus (gyrus parahippocampalis), 370, 371, 372, 374, 378, 379, 380, 514, 527, 528, 530, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 545, 546, 562, 563, 575, 580 Paraolfactory area (area paraolfactoria), 378, 381, 383 Paraolfactory gyri (gyri paraolfactorii), 381, 562 Paraterminal gyrus (gyrus paraterminalis), 526, 562 Parietal bone (os parietale), 5, 8, 9, 16, 19, 39, 40, 43, 47, 55, 56, 57, 58, 111 Parietal border (margo parietalis), 94, 95, 96, 98, 99 Parietal lobe (lobus parietalis), 394, 395, 399 Parietal margin (margo parietalis), 20, 44, 45, 46 Parietal notch (incisura parietalis), 94, 95, 98 Parietal operculum (operculum parietale), 373, 377, 543 Parietal tuber (tuber parietale), 53, 56 Parietal veins (venae parietales), 399, 400, 403 Parietomastoid suture (sutura parietomastoidea), 19, 58, 395

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Parieto-occipital artery (arteria parietooccipitalis), 410 Parieto-occipital branch (ramus parietooccipitalis), 409 Parieto-occipital sulcus (sulcus parietooccipitalis), 366, 368, 369, 383, 436, 438, 539, 540, 544, 547 Parotid duct (ductus parotideus), 143, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 327 Parotid gland (glandula parotidea), 143, 145, 146, 149, 150, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 199, 200, 202, 211, 248, 265, 266, 326, 327 Parotid gland and duct (glandula et ductus parotidei), 144 Pars alveolaris (alveolar part), 106 Pars basilaris (basilar part), 36, 38, 40, 59, 61, 62, 63 os occipitale (basilar part of occipital bone), 112 os occipitale (basilar part, occipital bone), 11, 14 Pars cuneiformis vomeris (cuneiform part of vomer), 88 Pars laryngea pharyngis (laryngopharynx), 299, 300, 301, 310 Pars nasalis pharyngis (nasopharynx), 176, 217, 248, 280, 281, 293, 294, 296, 297, 299, 300, 301, 302 Pars oralis pharyngis (oropharynx), 217, 299, 300 Pars orbitalis, os frontale (orbital part, frontal bone), 15, 16, 31, 32, 44, 45, 49, 52, 335, 336, 450 Pars petrosa, os temporale (petrous part of temporal bone), 6, 10, 19, 38, 58, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103 Pars squamosa os temporale (squamous part of temporal bone), 5, 10, 16, 37, 39, 43, 84, 85, 94, 95, 96, 98, 99, 101, 102, 103, 104, 110 Pars tympanica os temporale (tympanic part of temporal bone), 114 Pectoralis major muscle (musculus pectoralis major), 181, 184, 203 Pedicle (pediculus arcus vertebrae), 123, 124, 125, 131, 132, 139, 140 Pediculus arcus vertebrae (pedicle), 123, 124, 125, 131, 132, 140 Pedunculus cerebellaris inferior (inferior cerebellar peduncle), 449, 467, 468, 561, 583 Pedunculus cerebellaris medius (middle cerebellar peduncle), 388, 467, 468, 511, 512, 513, 533, 535, 583, 587, 589, 590 Pedunculus cerebellaris superior (superior cerebellar peduncle), 388, 427, 430, 431, 467, 468, 535, 550, 583, 584, 585, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591 Pedunculus cerebri (cerebral peduncle), 383, 384, 386, 426, 456, 458, 513, 514, 528, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 548, 550, 575, 586, 587 Pericallosal artery (arteria pericallosa), 409, 410, 415, 416, 423, 424, 436 Pericranium (pericranium), 158, 159 Pericranium (pericranium), 158, 159 Periorbita (periorbita), 327, 335, 490 Periorbita (periorbita), 327, 335, 490 Perpendicular plate (lamina perpendicularis), 3, 4, 28, 30, 31, 49, 51, 52, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 278, 286, 288 Pes hippocampi (hippocampus pes), 411, 414, 420

Petrolingual ligament, 464 Petro-occipital synchondrosis (synchondrosis petrooccipitalis), 295 Petrosal vein (vena petrosa), 439, 440, 441, 442, 443 Petrosphenoidal ligament, 464 Petrotympanic fissure (fissura petrotympanica), 6, 10, 94, 97, 100, 166 Petrous part, temporal bone (pars petrosa, os temporale), 6, 10, 19, 38, 58, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103, 112 Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube (ostium pharyngeum tubae auditoriae), 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 277, 278, 279, 293, 294, 296, 297, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303 Pharyngeal plexus (plexus pharyngeus), 244, 245, 305 Pharyngeal raphe (raphe pharyngis), 242, 243, 244, 245 Pharyngeal recess (recessus pharyngeus), 269, 277, 278, 293, 294, 296, 297 Pharyngeal tonsil (tonsilla pharyngealis), 268, 270, 272, 274, 275, 277, 278, 294 Pharyngeal tubercle (tuberculum pharyngeum), 7, 10, 55, 60, 61, 295, 298 Pharyngeal veins of pharyngeal plexus (venae pharyngeae plexus pharyngeus), 481 Pharyngeal venous plexus (plexus venosus pharyn geus), 206 Pharyngotympanic tube (tuba auditiva), 103, 104, 222 Pharynx (pharynx), 210, 215, 242, 246, 247, 249, 481 Pharynx (pharynx), 210, 215, 242, 246, 247, 249, 481 Phrenic nerve (nervus phrenicus), 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Physiological cup (excavatio disc), 361 Pineal gland (glandula pinealis), 370, 375, 377, 384, 389, 421, 425, 427, 430, 431, 432, 442, 444, 561, 572, 574, 577, 589, 590, 591 Pituitary gland (glandula pituitaria), 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 283, 284, 428, 429, 430, 431, 433, 464, 490, 491, 492 Pituitary infundibulum (infundibulum glandula pituitaria), 502 Platysma (platysma), 149, 177, 178 Platysma (platysma), 149, 177, 178 Plexus basilaris (basilar plexus), 276 Plexus brachialis (brachial plexus), 154, 156, 160, 163, 183, 184, 185, 189, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 210, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Plexus caroticus internus (internal carotid plexus), 276, 492 Plexus cervicalis (cervical plexus), 148, 183, 187, 192, 193, 194, 196, 198, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 234, 235, 251, 500 Plexus choroideus (choroid plexus), 381, 387, 388, 390, 391, 392, 393, 405, 410, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 418, 421, 532, 536, 568, 569, 575 Plexus choroideus, ventriculus lateralis (choroid plexus, lateral ventricle), 407, 411, 417, 430, 496, 546, 570, 571, 580 Plexus choroideus ventriculi quarti (choroid plexus of fourth ventricle), 445, 446, 448, 449

Plexus pharyngeus (pharyngeal plexus), 244, 245, 305 Plexus pterygoideus (pterygoid plexus), 169, 176, 306, 307 Plexus venosus pharyngeus (pharyngeal venous plexus), 206 Plexus venosus suboccipitalis (suboccipital venous plexus), 230, 231 Plica aryepiglottica (ary-epiglottic fold), 310, 313, 315, 316 Plica mallearis anterior (anterior malleolar fold), 260 Plica mallearis posterior (posterior malleolar fold), 260 Plica salpingopalatina (salpingopalatine fold), 293, 296 Plica salpingopharyngea (salpingopharyngeal fold), 293, 294, 296, 297 Plica semilunaris (plica semilunaris), 347 Plica semilunaris (plica semilunaris), 347 Plica vestibularis (vestibular fold), 316 Plica vocalis (vocal fold), 316 Polar frontal artery (arteria polaris frontalis), 407, 409, 423, 424, 427, 428, 429, 436 Polar temporal artery (arteria polaris temporalis), 408, 434, 435 Polus frontalis (frontal pole), 365, 366, 371, 373, 377, 522 Polus occipitalis (occipital pole), 369, 370, 371, 377, 383, 540 Polus temporalis (temporal pole), 365, 371, 373, 374, 511, 525 Pons (pons), 268, 284, 383, 385, 386, 387, 390, 427, 428, 429, 435, 437, 439, 441, 445, 446, 469, 470, 492, 495, 496, 499, 511, 512, 513, 527, 528, 530, 531, 547, 549, 550, 551, 552, 575, 583, 586 Pons (pons), 268, 284, 383, 385, 386, 387, 390, 427, 428, 429, 435, 437, 439, 441, 445, 446, 469, 470, 491, 492, 495, 496, 499, 511, 512, 513, 527, 528, 530, 531, 547, 549, 550, 551, 552, 575, 583, 586 Pontine arteries (arteriae pontis), 284, 402, 430, 441, 472 Pontine arteries, medial and lateral branches (arteriae pontis rami mediales et laterales), 435, 439 Pontine veins (venae pontis), 439 Porus acusticus externus (external acoustic opening), 5, 14, 16, 19, 38, 42, 43, 57, 94, 110, 111, 114 Porus acusticus internus (internal acoustic opening), 11, 37, 40, 95, 100, 101, 102 Porus et meatus acusticus externus (external acoustic opening and meatus), 100 Postcentral gyrus (gyrus postcentralis), 366, 367, 369, 376, 377, 521, 536, 537, 542, 543, 544, 545, 547, 549, 553, 554 Postcentral sulcus (sulcus postcentralis), 366, 367, 369, 376, 377, 544 Postcommissural fibers of fornix (fornix fibrae postcommissurales), 514 Posterior arch of atlas (arcus posterior atlantis), 9, 114, 117, 119, 120, 121, 126, 127, 128, 129,

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index 135, 136, 230, 231, 232, 233, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481 Posterior articular facet (facies articularis posterior), 122 Posterior auricular artery (arteria auricularis posterior), 161, 163, 166, 209 Posterior auricular nerve (nervus auricularis posterior), 156 Posterior auricular vein (vena auricularis posterior), 147, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 191, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 231, 232 Posterior central arteries (arteriae centrales postero laterales), 420 Posterior cerebral artery (arteria cerebri posterior), 270, 272, 275, 276, 329, 336, 401, 402, 407, 414, 420, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 472, 495, 496, 497, 502, 503, 504, 510 Posterior clinoid process (processus clinoideus posterior), 11, 14, 20, 21, 22, 24, 28, 29, 32, 35, 36, 37, 41, 63 Posterior commissure (commissura posterior), 378, 381, 382, 383, 384, 421, 432, 444, 515, 535, 577, 578, 579 Posterior communicating artery (arteria communi cans posterior), 336, 401, 402, 407, 408, 420, 423, 425, 429, 431, 432, 434, 435, 437, 439, 451, 452, 453, 456, 458, 459, 460, 462, 463, 469, 496, 501, 502, 503, 510 Posterior cranial fossa (fossa cranii posterior), 11 Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (musculus cricoary tenoideus posterior), 310, 313, 315 Posterior deep temporal artery (arteria temporalis profunda posterior), 162, 163, 168, 169, 174, 330 Posterior ethmoidal artery (arteria ethmoidalis posterior), 332, 341, 342, 460, 462 Posterior ethmoidal cells (cellulae ethmoidales posteriores), 502 Posterior ethmoidal nerve (nervus ethmoidalis posterior), 331, 332 Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (arteria inferior posterior cerebelli), 237, 240, 269, 397, 402, 427, 431, 434, 439, 440, 441, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 468, 469, 471, 473, 492, 494, 495, 497, 498 Posterior intercavernous sinus (sinus intercavernosus posterior), 283, 429, 489 Posterior intermediate sulcus (sulcus intermedius posterior), 468 Posterior lacrimal crest (crista lacrimalis posterior), 92, 93 Posterior lateral choroidal branches (rami choroidei posteriores laterales), 407, 410, 416, 420, 422 Posterior limb of internal capsule (capsula interna crus posterius), 578 Posterior limb of stapes (crus posterius stapedis), 105 Posterior lobe of cerebellum (lobus cerebelli poste rior), 390, 431, 439, 440, 445, 587 Posterior malleolar fold (plica mallearis posterior), 260

Posterior medial choroidal branches (rami choroidei posteriores mediales), 420, 421, 422, 437, 438, 443 Posterior median sulcus (sulcus medianus posterior), 468 Posterior meningeal artery (arteria meningea posterior), 209, 210, 212, 247 Posterior nasal spine (spina nasalis posterior), 6, 79 Posterior perforated substance (substantia perforata posterior), 374, 375, 513 Posterior ramus of C2 (ramus posterior C2), 241 Posterior root spinal nerve (radix posterior nervi spinalis), 237, 240, 241, 500 Posterior scalene muscle (musculus levator scapulae), 182, 183, 189, 192, 193, 194, 198, 201, 235 Posterior semicircular canal (canalis semicircularis posterior), 454 Posterior spinal artery (arteria spinalis posterior), 237 Posterior superior alveolar artery (arteria alveolaris superior posterior), 169, 170 Posterior superior alveolar nerve (nervus alveolaris superior posterior), 170 Posterior superior fissure (fissura posterior superior), 384, 389, 442 Posterior surface of petrous part (facies posterior partis petrosae), 95, 98, 100, 101, 102 Posterior temporal artery (arteria temporalis posterior), 405 Posterior temporal branch (ramus temporalis posterior), 403, 404, 406, 415 Posterior tubercle (tuberculum posterius), 9, 113, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 136 Posterolateral central arteries (arteriae centrales posterolaterales), 442 Posterolateral fissure (fissura posterolateralis), 388 Posterolateral sulcus (sulcus posterolateralis), 468 Posteromedial central arteries (arteriae centrales posteromediales), 426, 429 Posteromedial frontal branch (ramus frontalis posteromedialis), 405 Posteromedian medullary vein (vena medullaris posteromediana), 444, 448 Prebiventral fissure (fissura prebiventralis), 385, 388 Precentral cerebellar vein (vena precentralis cerebelli), 442, 444 Precentral fissure (fissura precentralis), 384 Precentral gyrus (gyrus precentralis), 366, 367, 369, 376, 399, 520, 521, 535, 542, 543, 544, 545, 547, 549, 551, 553, 554 Precentral sulcus (sulcus precentralis), 366, 367, 368, 369, 373, 376, 396, 542, 553 Prechiasmatic nucleus (sulcus prechiasmaticus), 14 Prechiasmatic sulcus (sulcus prechiasmaticus), 20, 26 Preculminate fissure (fissura preculminalis), 384, 389 Precuneus (precuneus), 383, 436, 438, 539, 540, 544, 545, 547, 549, 551 Precuneus (precuneus), 383, 436, 438, 539, 540, 544, 545, 547, 549, 551 Prefrontal artery (arteria prefrontalis), 403, 405, 406, 409, 420 Prefrontal veins (venae prefrontales), 399, 401, 403 Premolar tooth (dens premolaris), 72, 107 Preoccipital notch (incisura preoccipitalis), 369

615

Pre-olivary groove (sulcus preolivaris), 387, 586 Primary fissure (fissura prima), 384, 389, 390, 587 Principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve (nucleus principalis nervi trigemini), 583 Procerus muscle (musculus procerus), 143, 148, 149, 151, 152 Processus alveolaris (alveolar process), 30, 33, 69, 70, 71, 72 Processus articularis (articular process), 237 Processus articularis inferior (inferior articular process), 113, 116, 117, 123, 127, 130, 131, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 239 Processus articularis superior (superior articular process), 113, 116, 117, 123, 126, 127, 129, 130, 134, 136, 137, 138, 239 Processus ciliares (ciliary processes), 358, 359, 360 Processus clinoideus anterior (anterior clinoid process), 11, 14, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 32, 35, 36, 37, 40, 41, 63, 452, 458, 459 Processus clinoideus medius (middle clinoid process), 20, 22, 41 Processus clinoideus posterior (posterior clinoid process), 11, 14, 20, 21, 22, 24, 28, 29, 32, 35, 36, 37, 41, 63 Processus condylaris (condylar process), 3, 5, 16, 19, 106, 108, 109, 110, 160, 161, 168 Processus coronoideus (coronoid process), 16, 106, 107, 109, 110, 111, 112, 160, 161 Processus coronoideus, mandibula (coronoid process, mandible), 3, 5 Processus ethmoidalis (ethmoidal process), 87 Processus frontalis, maxilla (frontal process, maxilla), 30, 33, 34, 69, 70, 72, 73, 74, 75, 93 Processus frontalis, os zygomaticum (frontal process, zygomatic bone), 28, 41, 42, 43, 81, 83, 84, 327 Processus intrajugularis (intrajugular process), 36, 97 Processus jugularis (jugular process), 36, 38, 55, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63 Processus lacrimalis (lacrimal process), 87 Processus lateralis mallei (lateral process of malleus), 105, 261, 263 Processus lenticularis incudis (lenticular process of incus), 105, 262 Processus mastoideus (mastoid process), 3, 5, 9, 10, 19, 38, 42, 43, 57, 84, 94, 96, 97, 99, 101, 103, 110, 111, 114, 163, 164, 166, 222, 234, 265 Processus maxillaris (maxillary process), 86, 87 Processus orbitalis (orbital process), 28, 29, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 295 Processus palatinus (palatine process), 7, 19, 28, 29, 30, 33, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 84 Processus pterygoideus (pterygoid process), 5, 19, 28, 31, 33, 35, 38, 41, 43, 48, 52, 63, 75, 77, 84, 114, 175, 280, 281, 295 laminae lateralis et medialis (pterygoid process, lateral and medial plates), 7, 10, 26, 27, 29, 32, 39, 42, 172 lamina lateralis (pterygoid process, lateral plate), 6, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 85, 174, 222, 483 lamina medialis (pterygoid process, medial plate), 6, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 85 Processus pyramidalis (pyramidal process), 27, 28, 74, 76, 78, 79

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Processus sphenoidalis (sphenoidal process), 27, 29, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 295 Processus spinosus (spinous process), 113, 116, 117, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 139, 140 Processus spinosus axis (axis, spinous process), 229, 233 Processus styloideus (styloid process), 5, 6, 7, 38, 42, 43, 57, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 110, 166, 212, 467, 494, 500, 508 Processus temporalis (temporal process), 41, 42, 43, 81, 83, 84 Processus transversus (transverse process), 9, 112, 113, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 138, 139, 140, 216, 217, 219, 221 Processus uncinatus (uncinate process), 64, 66, 68, 112, 115, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 137, 138, 139, 270, 287, 288 Processus vaginalis (vaginal process), 20, 48 Processus zygomaticus (zygomatic process), 29, 31, 33, 34, 38, 42, 43, 44, 46, 48, 51, 58, 69, 71, 72, 73, 77, 84, 85, 94, 95, 96, 98, 99, 101, 103, 104, 110 os frontale (zygomatic process, frontal bone), 3, 19, 327 os temporale (zygomatic process, temporal bone), 6, 7, 13, 16, 172 Prominence of facial canal (prominentia canalis facialis), 261 Prominence of lateral semicircular canal (prominen tia canalis semicircularis lateralis), 263 Prominentia canalis facialis (prominence of facial canal), 261 Prominentia laryngea (laryngeal prominence), 308, 309, 311, 312, 314, 317, 319 Promontorium (promontory), 262, 263 Promontory (promontorium), 262, 263 Protuberantia mentalis (mental protuberance), 3, 106, 112, 300, 301, 302, 303 Protuberantia occipitalis externa (external occipital protuberance), 9, 56, 113, 230, 231, 232, 234 Protuberantia occipitalis externa, inion (external occipital protuberance, inion), 5, 6 Protuberantia occipitalis interna (internal occipital protuberance), 11, 36, 59 Proximal medial striate arteries (arteriae striatae mediales proximales), 426 Pterion (pterion), 5, 43, 394, 395, 396 Pterion (pterion), 5, 43, 394, 395, 396 Pterygoid canal (canalis pterygoideus), 20, 21, 25, 27, 31, 32, 33, 39, 85 Pterygoid fossa (fossa pterygoidea), 20, 21, 27, 48, 52 Pterygoid fovea (fovea pterygoidea), 109 Pterygoid hamulus (hamulus pterygoideus), 6, 7, 26, 31, 32, 33, 38, 39, 85 Pterygoid plexus (plexus pterygoideus), 169, 176, 306, 307 Pterygoid process (processus pterygoideus), 5, 19, 28, 31, 33, 35, 38, 41, 43, 48, 52, 63, 75, 77, 84, 114, 175, 280, 281, 295 Pterygopalatine fossa (fossa pterygopalatina), 10, 111, 166

Pterygopalatine ganglion (ganglion pterygopalatinum), 276, 466, 486 Pulmo dexter (lung, right), 214 Pulvinar (pulvinar thalami), 375, 377, 380, 381, 382, 577, 578 Pulvinar nuclei (nuclei pulvinares), 535, 536, 545, 546 Pulvinar thalami (pulvinar), 375, 377, 380, 381, 382, 577, 578 Pupil (pupilla), 360 Pupilla (pupil), 360 Putamen (putamen), 415, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 526, 527, 528, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 556, 576, 577, 578, 579 Putamen (putamen), 415, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 526, 527, 528, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 544, 545, 547, 548, 556, 576, 577, 578, 579 Pyramid (pyramis bulbi), 385, 386, 388, 511, 575, 586, 587 Pyramid (pyramis medullae oblongatae), 387 Pyramidal eminence (eminentia pyramidalis), 261, 262, 263 Pyramidal lobe (lobus pyramidalis), 195 Pyramidal process (processus pyramidalis), 27, 28, 74, 76, 78, 79 Pyramidal tract (tractus pyramidalis), 531, 576 Pyramis (pyramis), 390, 448 Pyramis (pyramis), 390, 448 Pyramis bulbi (pyramid), 385, 386, 388, 511, 575, 586, 587 Pyramis medullae oblongatae (pyramid), 387 Q Quadrigeminal cistern (cisterna quadrigeminalis), 414 Quadrigeminal plate (lamina quadrigemina), 430 R Radiation of corpus callosum (radiato corporis callosi), 570, 579 major forceps (radiato corporis callosi, forceps major), 561 minor forceps (radiato corporis callosi, forceps minor), 561 Radiato corporis callosi (radiation of corpus callosum), 570, 579 forceps major (radiation of corpus callosum, major forceps), 561 forceps minor (radiation of corpus callosum, minor forceps), 561 Radiato optica (optic radiation), 558, 559, 560, 573, 576, 578 Radiato optica, fibrae geniculocalcarinae (optic radiation, geniculocalcarine fibers), 583 Radiato thalami (thalamic radiation), 558 Radiato thalami anterior (anterior thalamic radiation), 566 Radiato thalami centralis (central thalamic radiation), 565 Radices (roots), 205 Radix motoria nervus trigeminus (motor root trigeminal nerve), 486 Radix parasympathica, ganglion ciliare (ciliary ganglion, parasympathetic root), 328, 342, 344, 352

Radix posterior nervi spinalis (posterior root spinal nerve), 237, 240, 241, 500 Radix sensoria, ganglion ciliare (ciliary ganglion, sensory root), 328, 342, 344 Radix sympathica, ganglion ciliare (ciliary ganglion, sympathetic root), 328, 342 Rami arteria superior cerebelli (superior cerebellar artery branches), 430 Rami choroidei posteriores laterales (posterior lateral choroidal branches), 407, 410, 416, 420, 422 Rami choroidei posteriores mediales (posterior medial choroidal branches), 420, 421, 422, 437, 438, 443 Rami gyri angularis (branch to angular gyrus), 399, 403, 406, 409 Rami paracentrales (paracentral branches), 404, 410 Rami temporales (temporal branches), 409 Rami temporales anteriores (anterior temporal branches), 401, 403, 404, 406 Ramus accessorius arteria meningea media (accessory branch of middle meningeal artery), 175 Ramus anterior C2 (anterior ramus of C2), 235, 241 Ramus auricularis, nervus vagus (auricular branch, vagus nerve), 470, 473 Ramus auricularis, nervus vagus (auricular branch, vagus nerve), 494 Ramus choroideus ventriculus quartus (choroidal branch of fourth ventricle), 448 Ramus corporis callosi dorsalis (dorsal branch to corpus callosum), 401, 407 Ramus frontalis anteromedialis (anteromedial frontal branch), 404, 405, 409, 436 Ramus frontalis anteromedialis (frontal anteromedial branch), 410 Ramus frontalis intermediomedialis (intermediomedial frontal branch), 436 Ramus frontalis intermediomedialis et posteromedialis (intermediomedial and posteromedial frontal branch), 404, 405, 409, 410 Ramus frontalis posteromedialis (posteromedial frontal branch), 405 Ramus hypothalamicus (hypothalamic branch), 435 Ramus mandibulae (ramus of mandible), 106, 172, 174 Ramus mandibulae et arteria transversa faciei (ramus of the mandible and transverse facial artery), 147 Ramus occipitotemporalis (occipitotemporal branch), 401, 407 Ramus of mandible (ramus mandibulae), 106, 172, 174 Ramus of the mandible and transverse facial artery (ramus mandibulae et arteria transversa faciei), 147 Ramus parietooccipitalis (parieto-occipital branch), 409 Ramus posterior C2 (posterior ramus of C2), 241 Ramus sinus carotici (carotid branch of glossopharyngeal nerve), 245, 247 Ramus sinus cavernosa (cavernous branch), 276 Ramus temporalis medius (middle temporal branch), 403, 404, 405, 406, 415

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Ramus temporalis posterior (posterior temporal branch), 403, 404, 406, 415 Ramus temporooccipitalis (temporo-occipital branch), 399, 403, 404, 405 Ramus thyrohyoid (thyrohyoid branch), 250 Ramus tonsillae cerebelli (cerebellar tonsil branch), 445, 447 Raphe pharyngis (pharyngeal raphe), 242, 243, 244, 245 Recessus infundibularis (infundibular recess), 336, 419, 421, 451, 452, 453, 456, 552, 574 Recessus lateralis (lateral recess), 391, 393, 448, 467 Recessus pharyngeus (pharyngeal recess), 269, 277, 278, 293, 294, 296, 297 Recessus sphenoethmoidales (sphenoethmoidal recess), 270, 278, 289, 290 Recessus supraopticus (supraoptic recess), 419, 421, 431, 432, 433, 451, 552 Rectus capitis anterior muscle (musculus rectus capitis anterior), 176, 280, 281 Rectus capitis posterior major muscle (musculus rectus capitis posterior major), 229 Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle (musculus rectus capitis posterior minor), 226, 227, 228, 229 Recurrent laryngeal nerve (nervus laryngeus recur rens), 208, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 312, 313 Red nucleus (nucleus ruber), 370, 371, 375, 377, 378, 502, 514, 533, 534, 564, 574, 589, 590, 591 Retina (retina), 357, 358, 359, 361 Retina (retina), 357, 358, 359, 361 Retinal arteriole and venule, inferior temporal (arteriola et venula temporalis retinae inferior), 361 Retromandibular vein (vena retromandibularis), 147, 154, 155, 156, 199, 202, 206, 208 Retromolar fossa (fossa retromolaris), 107 Retro-olivary groove (sulcus retroolivaris), 387, 586, 587 Retropharyngeal space (spatium retropharyngeum), 299, 300, 301, 302, 303 Rhinal sulcus (sulcus rhinalis), 370, 371, 372, 379, 380, 563 Rhomboid fossa (fossa rhomboidea), 393, 468, 498, 588 Rootlets (fila radicularia), 467, 468 Roots (radices), 205 Rostrum corpus callosum (rostrum corpus callosum), 378, 382, 423, 428, 551, 564 Rostrum corpus callosum (rostrum corpus callosum), 378, 382, 423, 428, 551, 564 Rostrum sphenoidale (sphenoidal rostrum), 20, 38, 48, 52, 85, 282, 283 Round window (fenestra cochleae), 100, 262, 263 S Saccus lacrimalis (lacrimal sac), 347 Sagittal border (margo sagittalis), 53, 54 Sagittal suture (sutura sagittalis), 8, 18, 47, 55, 56, 394, 395, 396, 397

Salpingopalatine fold (plica salpingopalatina), 293, 296 Salpingopharyngeal fold (plica salpingopharyngea), 293, 294, 296, 297 Salpingopharyngeus muscle (musculus salpingo pharyngeus), 301 Scapha (scapha), 255, 256, 258, 264 Scapha (scapha), 255, 256, 258, 264 Scaphoid fossa (fossa scaphoidea), 10, 20, 21 Sclera (sclera), 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360 Sclera (sclera), 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360 Secondary fissure (fissura secunda), 385, 388 Sella turcica (sella turcica), 11, 488 Sella turcica (sella turcica), 11, 488 Semicanalis musculi tensoris tympani (canal for tensor tympani), 96 Semicanalis tubae auditoriae (canal for auditory tube), 96 Semicircular canals (canales semicirculares), 164, 267, 399, 454, 455, 456, 457, 460, 495, 499, 504, 506, 508 Semilunar gyrus, 563 Semilunar hiatus (hiatus semilunaris), 287 Semispinalis capitis muscle (musculus splenius capitis), 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 265 Semispinalis cervicis muscle (musculus semispinalis cervicis), 226, 227, 228, 229, 231, 232 Septa interalveolaria (interalveolar septa), 69, 72, 106 Septal area (area septalis), 528 Septal nasal cartilage (cartilago septi nasi), 278 Septal nuclei (nuclei septales), 514 Septum (septum), 269, 277, 300, 301, 302 Septum (septum), 269, 277, 300, 301, 302 Septum nasi (nasal septum), 172, 285, 289, 290, 292, 294, 483 Septum of sphenoidal sinuses (septum sinuum sphenoidalium), 26, 176, 488 Septum orbitale (orbital septum), 327, 328, 329, 346, 348, 349, 351 Septum pellucidum (septum pellucidum), 383, 410, 415, 416, 427, 428, 430, 432, 436, 518, 526, 527, 528, 530, 552, 571, 572, 573 Septum pellucidum (septum pellucidum), 383, 410, 415, 416, 427, 428, 430, 432, 436, 518, 526, 527, 528, 530, 552, 571, 572, 573 Septum pellucidum and fornix (septum pellucidum et fornix), 516 Septum pellucidum et fornix (septum pellucidum and fornix), 516 Septum sinuum sphenoidalium (septum of sphenoidal sinuses), 26, 176, 488 Serratus posterior superior muscle (musculus serratus posterior superior), 224, 225 Sheath of styloid process (vagina processus styloi deus), 94, 96, 100 Short ciliary nerves (nervi ciliares breves), 328, 334, 342, 344, 345, 351 Short circumferential arteries (arteriae circumferen tiales breves), 420 Short gyri of insula (gyri breves insulae), 376, 554 Short limb of incus (crus breve incudis), 105, 261, 263 Short posterior ciliary arteries (arteriae ciliares posteriores breves), 342, 344

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Sigmoid sinus (sinus sigmoideus), 12, 13, 63, 102, 103, 104, 164, 238, 239, 244, 247, 267, 397, 399, 400, 403, 404, 410, 467, 468, 469, 497, 498 Simple lobule (lobulus simplex), 384, 389 Sinus caroticus (carotid sinus), 210, 215 Sinus cavernosus (cavernous sinus), 275, 283, 457, 459, 464 Sinus frontalis (frontal sinus), 46, 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 277, 278, 335, 336, 337, 340, 399, 453 Sinus intercavernosus anterior (anterior intercavernous sinus), 283, 429, 489 Sinus intercavernosus posterior (posterior intercavernous sinus), 283, 429, 489 Sinus maxillaris (maxillary sinus), 34, 74, 75, 76, 272, 274, 347, 482, 483, 484, 485, 509 Sinus maxillaris et ostium (maxillary sinus and ostium), 167 Sinus petrosus inferior (inferior petrosal sinus), 12, 13, 103, 104, 491 Sinus petrosus superior (superior petrosal sinus), 12, 13, 103, 104, 267, 425, 450, 452, 454, 455, 457, 459, 460, 461, 464 Sinus rectus (straight sinus), 424, 425, 427, 431 Sinus sagittalis inferior (inferior sagittal sinus), 401, 404, 407, 409, 410, 430 Sinus sagittalis superior (superior sagittal sinus), 236, 394, 396, 397, 399, 400, 409, 410, 427, 450 Sinus sigmoideus (sigmoid sinus), 12, 13, 63, 102, 103, 104, 164, 238, 239, 244, 247, 267, 397, 399, 400, 403, 404, 410, 467, 468, 469, 497, 498 Sinus sphenoidalis (sphenoidal sinus), 26, 27, 28, 29, 39, 85, 172, 176, 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 335, 336, 337, 340, 341, 431, 453, 456, 460, 462, 464, 465, 466, 488, 509 Sinus transversus (transverse sinus), 234, 238, 239, 397, 398, 425, 450 Soft palate (palatum molle), 172, 175, 176, 251, 268, 269, 272, 277, 278, 280, 294, 296, 297, 299, 300, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 483, 484 Spatium retropharyngeum (retropharyngeal space), 299, 300, 301, 302, 303 Sphenoethmoidal recess (recessus sphenoethmoid ales), 270, 278, 289, 290 Sphenofrontal suture (sutura sphenofrontalis), 5, 41, 42, 43, 160, 161 Sphenoidal angle (angulus sphenoidalis), 53, 54 Sphenoidal crest (crista sphenoidalis), 26, 27, 29, 33, 39 Sphenoidal lingula (lingula sphenoidalis), 20, 21, 23, 24, 26, 27, 32, 35, 36, 37, 40, 48, 63, 77 Sphenoidal margin (margo sphenoidalis), 32, 45, 46, 48, 50, 94, 95, 98 Sphenoidal process (processus sphenoidalis), 27, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80 Sphenoidal process of palatine bone (processus sphenoidalis, os palatinum), 29, 295 Sphenoidal rostrum (rostrum sphenoidale), 20, 27, 38, 48, 52, 85, 282, 283 Sphenoidal sinus (sinus sphenoidalis), 26, 27, 28, 29, 39, 85, 172, 176, 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 335, 336, 337,

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Sphenoidal sinus (sinus sphenoidalis) (continued) 340, 341, 431, 453, 456, 460, 462, 464, 465, 466, 488, 509 Sphenoid bone (os sphenoidale), 16, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 48, 52, 75, 77, 84, 85, 488 Sphenoid bone, body of (os sphenoidale, corpus), 10, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 41, 48, 75 Spheno-occipital synchondrosis (synchondrosis, sphenooccipitalis), 10 Sphenopalatine artery (arteria sphenopalatina), 166, 169, 275, 465, 482, 486, 510 Sphenopalatine foramen (foramen sphenopalatinum), 29, 75, 295 Sphenopalatine notch (incisura sphenopalatina), 74, 78, 79, 80 Sphenoparietal suture (sutura sphenoparietalis), 5 Sphenopetrosal, spheno-occipital and petro-occipital synchondrosis (synchondrosis sphenope trosa, sphenooccipitalis et petrooccipitalis), 38 Sphenosquamous suture (sutura sphenosquamosa), 5, 37, 42, 43, 160, 161, 163 Sphenovomerine suture (sutura sphenovomeralis), 295 Sphenozygomatic suture (sutura sphenozygomatica), 41, 43 Spina helicis (helix, spine of), 257 Spinal cord (medulla spinalis), 237, 238, 239, 241, 268, 474, 497, 499, 500 Spinal dura mater (dura mater spinalis), 474, 492 Spinal ganglion C2 (ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis C2), 474, 475, 500 Spinal nerve (nervus spinalis), 133, 232, 233 Spinal nerve, C1 (nervus spinalis, C1), 434 Spinal nerve, trunk (truncus nervi spinalis), 468 Spinal nerve C1 (nervus spinalis C1), 474, 475 Spinal nerve C2, sensory root (nervus spinalis radix sensoria C2), 474 Spinal sensory ganglion (ganglium sensorium nervi spinalis), 467, 468 Spina mentalis superior (superior mental spine), 107 Spina mentalis superior et inferior (superior and inferior mental spines), 106, 108 Spina nasalis (nasal spine), 31, 33, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 51, 52 Spina nasalis anterior (anterior nasal spine), 3, 4, 5, 15, 16, 34, 69, 70, 72, 74, 111 Spina nasalis posterior (posterior nasal spine), 6, 79 Spina ossis sphenoidalis (spine of sphenoid bone), 26 Spina suprameatica (suprameatal spine), 94, 100, 265, 266 Spina tympanica major (greater tympanic spine), 100 Spina tympanica minor (lesser tympanic spine), 100 Spine of sphenoid bone (spina ossis sphenoidalis), 20, 26 Spinous process (processus spinosus), 113, 116, 117, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 139, 140 Spinous process of axis (processus spinous axis), 114 Splenium (splenium), 575, 579, 580 Splenium (splenium), 575, 579, 580 Splenium corpus callosum (splenium corpus callo sum), 370, 371, 375, 377, 378, 381, 382, 383,

405, 428, 431, 432, 438, 516, 517, 518, 537, 538, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 562, 563, 564, 565, 568, 574, 581 Splenium corpus callosum (splenium corpus callosum), 370, 371, 375, 377, 378, 381, 382, 383, 405, 428, 431, 432, 438, 516, 517, 518, 537, 538, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 562, 563, 564, 565, 568, 574, 581 Splenius capitis muscle (musculus splenius capitis), 182, 183, 187, 188, 189, 191, 192, 193, 200, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 231 Splenius cervicis muscle (musculus splenius cervicis), 182, 183, 186, 187, 189, 190, 192, 193, 194, 198, 224, 225, 236 Squama frontalis, facies interna (squamous part, internal surface), 45 Squama occipitalis (squamous part of occipital bone), 36, 39, 40, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63 Squamosal border (margo squamosus), 53, 54 Squamosal margin (margo squamosus), 20, 35 Squamous suture (sutura squamosa), 5, 16, 57, 58, 160, 394, 395 Stapedis (stapes), 262 Stapedius muscle (musculus stapedius), 261, 262, 263 Stapes (stapedis), 262 Stapes, anterior limb of (crus anterius stapedis), 105, 261 Stapes, head of (caput stapedis), 261, 262, 263 Stapes, posterior limb of (crus posterius stapedis), 261 Sternocleidomastoid muscle (musculus sternocleido mastoideus), 143, 145, 147, 154, 155, 178, 179, 181, 182, 183, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 192, 199, 223, 224, 232, 242, 247, 251, 265, 497, 507 Sternocleidomastoid muscle, sternal head (musculus sternocleidomastoideus, caput sternalis), 184 Sternohyoid muscle (musculus sternohyoideus), 146, 148, 153, 154, 156, 160, 163, 171, 178, 180, 181, 185, 192, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200, 203, 250, 308, 309 Sternothyroid muscle (musculus sternothyroideus), 156, 192, 193, 194, 196, 197, 198, 199, 203, 308 Straight gyrus (gyrus rectus), 365, 370, 371, 372, 373, 377, 383, 401, 490, 511, 512, 523, 524, 525, 578, 580, 582 Straight sinus (sinus rectus), 424, 425, 427, 431 Stria diagonalis (diagonal band), 579, 580, 582 Striae medullares ventriculi quarti (medullary striae of fourth ventricle), 393 Striae olfactoriae (olfactory striae), 576, 577, 579 Stria mallearis (malleolar stria), 260 Stria medullaris thalami (stria medullaris thalami), 551, 552, 561, 563, 564, 565, 566, 591 Stria medullaris thalami (stria medullaris thalami), 551, 552, 561, 563, 564, 565, 566, 591 Stria olfactoria lateralis (lateral olfactory stria), 408, 435, 580, 582 Stria olfactoria medialis (medial olfactory stria), 435 Stria terminalis (stria terminalis), 561, 580, 581, 582 Stria terminalis (stria terminalis), 561, 580, 581, 582 Styloglossus muscle (musculus styloglossus), 163, 164, 166, 167, 175, 307, 485, 498, 500

Stylohyoid muscle (musculus stylohyoideus), 163, 164, 166, 167, 175, 238, 239, 485, 487, 495, 498, 507, 508 Styloid process (processus styloideus), 5, 6, 7, 38, 42, 43, 57, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 110, 166, 212, 467, 494, 500, 508 Stylomastoid foramen (foramen stylomastoideum), 6, 7, 38, 97 Stylopharyngeus muscle (musculus stylopharyngeus), 175, 245, 246, 307, 498, 500 Subarcuate fossa (fossa subarcuata), 95, 100, 101, 103 Subcallosal area (area subcallosa), 378, 383, 428, 431, 436 Subcallosal area, paraterminal gyrus (area subcallosa, gyrus paraterminalis), 381 Subcallosal gyrus (gyrus subcalloso), 378 Subclavian artery (arteria subclavia), 195, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 220, 221 Subclavian vein (vena subclavia), 194, 195, 196, 198, 203, 217 Subclavius muscle (musculus subclavius), 194, 202 Sublingual artery (arteria sublingualis), 307 Sublingual fossa (fossa sublingualis), 106, 108 Sublingual gland (glandula sublingualis), 304, 305, 306 Submandibular duct (ductus submandibularis), 170, 171, 304, 305, 306, 307 Submandibular fossa (fossa submandibularis), 106, 108 Submandibular gland (glandula submandibularis), 146, 147, 153, 154, 155, 156, 161, 162, 163, 164, 170, 171, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 184, 185, 186, 189, 192, 195, 196, 197, 199, 200, 202, 203, 247, 250, 304, 306, 307, 482, 485 Submental artery (arteria submentalis), 146, 147, 153, 154, 155, 156, 160, 161, 163, 170, 171, 178, 180, 181, 183, 184, 189, 192, 195, 196, 197 Submental triangle (trigonum submentale), 177 Submental vein (vena submentalis), 153, 154, 156, 160, 163, 183, 189, 192, 195, 196, 197 Suboccipital nerve (nervus suboccipitalis), 233, 235, 237, 241 Suboccipital venous plexus (plexus venosus suboccipi talis), 230, 231 Substantia innominata (innominate substance), 528, 558, 559, 560, 561 Substantia nigra (substantia nigra), 268, 269, 275, 276, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 377, 378, 380, 384, 401, 420, 422, 423, 425, 426, 428, 442, 450, 451, 452, 453, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 462, 463, 464, 502, 514, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 548, 549, 550, 576, 584 Substantia nigra (substantia nigra), 268, 269, 275, 276, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 377, 378, 380, 384, 401, 420, 422, 423, 425, 426, 428, 442, 450, 451, 452, 453, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 462, 463, 464, 502, 514, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 548, 549, 550, 576, 584 Substantia perforata anterior (anterior perforated substance), 371, 372, 374, 375, 377, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Substantia perforata posterior (posterior perforated substance), 374, 375, 513 Subthalamic nucleus (nucleus subthalamicus), 531, 532, 548, 550, 574, 591 Sulci arteriosi (grooves for arteries), 32, 45, 50, 63 Sulcus anterolateralis (anterolateral sulcus), 386 Sulcus arteriae meningeae mediae (groove for middle meningeal artery), 13, 54, 55, 58 Sulcus arteriae occipitalis (occipital groove), 97, 99 Sulcus arteriae vertebralis (groove for vertebral artery), 9, 117, 119, 120, 126, 129, 136, 237 Sulcus basilaris (basilar sulcus), 386, 387 Sulcus bulbopontinus (medullopontine sulcus), 386, 387 Sulcus calcarinus (calcarine sulcus), 370, 377, 383, 405, 436, 517, 538, 539, 540, 547, 549, 567, 581 Sulcus caroticus (carotid sulcus), 11, 14, 20, 21, 40 Sulcus carotid (carotid sulcus), 23 Sulcus centralis (central sulcus), 366, 367, 369, 376, 377, 383, 394, 395, 396, 399, 400, 403, 520, 521, 542, 543, 544, 545, 547, 549, 551, 553, 554 Sulcus centralis insulae (central sulcus of insula), 376, 554, 570 Sulcus cinguli (cingulate sulcus), 383, 404, 436, 526, 527, 551 Sulcus circularis insulae (circular sulcus of insula), 376, 555, 556, 558, 560, 561 Sulcus collateralis (collateral sulcus), 370, 371, 372, 379, 527, 575 Sulcus corporis callosi (corpus callosum, sulcus), 378, 381, 383 Sulcus cruris helicis (groove of crus of helix), 257, 259 Sulcus ethmoidalis (ethmoidal groove), 90 Sulcus frontalis inferior (inferior frontal sulcus), 365, 366, 367, 376, 514, 515, 526, 553 Sulcus frontalis superior (superior frontal sulcus), 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 376, 514, 515, 526, 527, 553 Sulcus hypothalamicus (hypothalamic sulcus), 378, 381, 382 Sulcus infraorbitalis (infra-orbital groove), 29, 30, 33, 69, 73 Sulcus intermedius posterior (posterior intermediate sulcus), 468 Sulcus intraparietalis (intraparietal sulcus), 366, 367, 368, 369, 553 Sulcus lacrimalis (lacrimal groove), 4, 5, 70, 73, 74, 75, 92, 93 Sulcus lateralis (lateral sulcus), 365, 367, 373, 376, 377, 534, 553 Sulcus lateralis, ramus anterior (lateral sulcus, anterior ramus), 366, 376, 377 Sulcus lateralis, ramus ascendens (lateral sulcus, ascending ramus), 366, 377 Sulcus lateralis, ramus posterior (lateral sulcus, posterior ramus), 366 Sulcus lunatus (lunate sulcus), 366, 369 Sulcus marginalis (marginal sulcus), 368, 383, 549, 551 Sulcus medianus (median sulcus), 467, 468 Sulcus medianus posterior (posterior median sulcus), 468

Sulcus mylohyoideus (mylohyoid groove), 106, 108 Sulcus nervi petrosi majoris (groove for greater petrosal nerve), 11, 14 Sulcus nervi petrosi minoris (groove for lesser petrosal nerve), 14 Sulcus nervi spinalis (groove for spinal nerve), 116, 130 Sulcus occipitalis transversus (transverse occipital sulcus), 369 Sulcus occipitotemporalis (occipitotemporal sulcus), 370, 371, 377, 527 Sulcus olfactorius (olfactory sulcus), 365, 371, 373, 377 Sulcus orbitales (orbital sulcus), 365, 371, 373, 374, 377, 576, 578, 579 Sulcus palatinus major (greater palatine groove), 27, 79 Sulcus palatovaginalis (palatovaginal groove), 48 Sulcus parietooccipitalis (parieto-occipital sulcus), 366, 368, 369, 383, 436, 438, 539, 540, 544, 547 Sulcus postcentralis (postcentral sulcus), 366, 367, 369, 376, 377, 544 Sulcus posterolateralis (posterolateral sulcus), 468 Sulcus precentralis (precentral sulcus), 366, 367, 368, 369, 373, 376, 396, 542, 553 Sulcus prechiasmaticus (prechiasmatic nucleus), 14 Sulcus prechiasmaticus (prechiasmatic sulcus), 20, 26 Sulcus preolivaris (pre-olivary groove), 387, 586 Sulcus retroolivaris (retro-olivary groove), 387, 586, 587 Sulcus rhinalis (rhinal sulcus), 370, 371, 372, 379, 380, 563 Sulcus sinus marginalis (groove for marginal sinus), 59 Sulcus sinus occipitalis (groove for occipital sinus), 62 Sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris (groove for inferior petrosal sinus), 62, 95, 97, 100, 102 Sulcus sinus petrosi superioris (groove for superior petrosal sinus), 11, 14, 37, 40, 63, 95, 101, 102 Sulcus sinus petrosi superioris et margo superior partis petrosae (groove for superior petrosal sinus and superior border of petrous part), 98 Sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris (groove for superior sagittal sinus), 45, 50, 54 Sulcus sinus sigmoidei (groove for sigmoid sinus), 11, 14, 58, 95, 101 Sulcus sinus transversi (groove for transverse sinus), 35, 36, 37, 39, 55, 58, 59 Sulcus temporalis inferior (inferior temporal sulcus), 366, 373, 376, 526, 527, 553 Sulcus temporalis superior (superior temporal sulcus), 365, 366, 367, 376, 403, 526, 553 Sulcus vomeris (vomerine groove), 88 Superciliary arch (arcus superciliaris), 44, 47, 49, 52 Superficial and deep layer of the temporal fascia (lamina superficialis et profunda temporalis fascia), 144, 145 Superficial cervical artery (arteria cervicalis super ficialis), 193 Superficial middle cerebral vein (vena media superficialis cerebri), 399, 407, 415, 420

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Superficial temporal artery (arteria temporalis superficialis), 143, 144, 145, 147, 149, 154, 155, 156, 160, 161, 163, 168, 169, 175, 176, 209, 210, 211, 212, 239, 265, 266, 326, 327, 394 Superficial temporal artery, frontal branch (arteria temporalis superficialis, ramus frontalis), 143, 144, 148, 149, 150, 151, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 160, 161, 163 Superficial temporal artery, parietal branch (arteria temporalis superficialis, ramus parietalis), 143, 144, 148, 149, 150, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 163 Superficial temporal vein (vena temporalis super ficialis), 157, 158, 326, 327 Superior alveolar nerves (nervi alveolares superiores), 465, 466, 495, 499 Superior anastomotic vein (vena anastomotica superior), 403 Superior and inferior mental spines (spina mentalis superior et inferior), 106, 108 Superior and inferior nuchal lines (linea nuchalis superior et inferior), 56 Superior and inferior vertebral notch (incisura vertebralis superior et inferior), 138 Superior articular facet (facies articularis superior), 113, 121, 122, 123, 124, 126, 127, 130, 131, 133, 139 Superior articular process (processus articularis superior), 113, 116, 117, 123, 126, 127, 129, 130, 134, 136, 137, 138, 239 Superior articular facet (facies articularis superior), 117, 119, 120, 126, 128, 129, 134, 136 Superior cerebellar artery (arteria superior cerebelli), 284, 402, 432, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 454, 455, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 469, 470, 472, 496, 497, 503, 504, 510 Superior cerebellar artery, lateral branch of (arteria superior cerebelli, ramus lateralis), 443, 444 Superior cerebellar artery, medial branch of (arteria superior cerebelli, ramus medialis), 443, 444 Superior cerebellar artery branches (rami arteria superior cerebelli), 430 Superior cerebellar peduncle (pedunculus cerebellaris superior), 388, 427, 430, 431, 467, 468, 535, 550, 583, 584, 585, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591 Superior cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale superius), 212, 216, 217, 221, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 249, 251, 307, 482, 483, 487, 495, 499 Superior choroid vein (vena choroidea superior), 405, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421 Superior colliculus (colliculus superior), 370, 372, 375, 377, 384, 549, 550, 552, 574, 588, 589, 590 Superior conjunctival fornix (fornix conjunctivae superior), 355 Superior constrictor muscle (musculus constrictor pharyngis superior), 302 Superior frontal gyrus (gyrus frontalis superior), 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 376, 396, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 531, 533, 535, 544, 545, 547, 549, 551, 553

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Superior frontal sulcus (sulcus frontalis superior), 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 376, 514, 515, 526, 527, 553 Superior hypophysial artery (arteria hypophysialis superior), 435 Superior labial branch (arteria labialis superior), 147, 152, 154, 155, 160, 162, 164, 167, 170, 206 Superior laryngeal artery (arteria laryngea superior), 249, 250, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315 Superior laryngeal nerve, external branch (nervus laryngeus superior, ramus externus), 209, 245, 246, 250, 309 Superior laryngeal nerve, internal branch (nervus laryngeus superior, ramus internus), 208, 209, 210, 244, 245, 246, 249, 250, 309, 310, 312, 313, 314, 315 Superior longitudinal fasciculus (fasciculus longitudi nalis superior), 554, 555, 556, 557 Superior medullary velum (velum medullare supe rius), 383, 390, 497, 588 Superior mental spine (spina mentalis superior), 107 Superior nasal concha (concha nasalis superior), 76, 269, 278, 289, 290 Superior nasal meatus (meatus nasi superior), 289 Superior nasal retinal arteriole and venule (arteriola et venula nasalis retinae superior), 361 Superior nuchal line (linea nuchalis superior), 6, 9, 38, 113, 230 Superior oblique muscle (musculus obliquus supe rior), 274, 275, 336, 337, 338, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 347, 349, 351, 352, 354, 482, 483, 484, 501 Superior ophthalmic vein (vena ophthalmica superior), 167, 328, 329, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 342, 403, 460, 466 Superior orbital fissure (fissura orbitalis superior), 3, 4, 11, 12, 15, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 39, 41, 52, 63, 77, 85 Superior palpebral arch (arcus palpebralis superior), 348 Superior parietal lobule (lobulus parietalis superior), 366, 367, 368, 369 Superior petrosal sinus (sinus petrosus superior), 12, 13, 103, 104, 267, 425, 450, 452, 454, 455, 457, 459, 460, 461, 464 Superior posterior alveolar artery (arteria alveolaris superior posterior), 164, 330, 508 Superior rectus muscle (musculus rectus superior), 328, 329, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 352, 353, 354, 495, 501, 509, 510 Superior sagittal sinus (sinus sagittalis superior), 236, 394, 396, 397, 399, 400, 410, 427, 450 Superior semilunar lobule (lobulus semilunaris superior), 384, 388, 389, 442, 587 Superior tarsus (tarsus superior), 346, 347, 348, 349 Superior temporal gyrus (gyrus temporalis superior), 365, 366, 367, 373, 376, 513, 525, 526, 527, 543, 553 Superior temporal line (linea temporalis superior), 53, 160, 394, 395 Superior temporal retinal arteriole and venule (arteriola et venula temporalis retinae superior), 361

Superior temporal sulcus (sulcus temporalis superior), 365, 366, 367, 376, 403, 526, 553 Superior thalamostriate vein (vena thalamostriata), 415, 416, 417, 418 Superior thyroid artery (arteria thyroidea superior), 160, 163, 171, 179, 180, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 200, 202, 203, 204, 206, 208, 209, 210, 213, 245, 246, 249, 250, 308, 309, 310 Superior thyroid notch (incisura thyroidea superior), 308, 311, 312, 314, 317 Superior thyroid vein (vena thyroidea superior), 179, 180, 202, 203, 204, 208 Superior trunk (truncus superior), 205 Superior vein of vermis (vena superior vermis), 397, 442, 443, 444 Superior veins of cerebellar hemisphere (venae superiores cerebelli), 442, 443, 444 Superior vestibular area (area vestibularis superior), 100 Supraclavicular nerves (nervi supraclaviculares), 154, 156, 193, 234, 235 Supramarginal gyrus (gyrus supramarginalis), 366, 367, 376, 537, 538, 542, 553 Supramastoid crest (crista supramastoidea), 94, 265 Suprameatal spine (spina suprameatica), 94, 100, 265, 266 Suprameatal triangle (foveola suprameatica), 94, 265 Supraoptic recess (recessus supraopticus), 419, 421, 431, 432, 433, 451, 552 Supra-orbital artery (arteria supraorbitalis), 151, 152, 336, 337, 338, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344 Supra-orbital margin (margo supraorbitalis), 42, 44, 46, 48 Supra-orbital margin, orbit (margo supraorbitalis, orbita), 4 Supra-orbital nerve (nervus supraorbitalis), 151, 152, 167, 337, 338, 340, 343, 345, 347 Supra-orbital notch (incisura supraorbitalis), 3, 4, 31, 33, 34, 44, 48, 49, 51, 52 Supra-orbital vein (vena supraorbitalis), 151 Suprascapular artery (arteria suprascapularis), 193, 194, 195, 196, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Suprascapular vein (vena suprascapularis), 195, 197, 198, 203 Supraspinous ligament (ligamentum supraspinale), 232, 233 Supratrochlear artery (arteria supratrochlearis), 151, 341 Supratrochlear artery, anastomotic branch (arteria supratrochlearis, ramus anastomoticus), 152 Supratrochlear nerve (nervus supratrochlearis), 151, 152, 337, 338, 340, 343, 345, 347, 348 Supratrochlear vein (vena supratrochlearis), 151 Supreme nasal concha (concha nasalis suprema), 289 Sutura coronalis (coronal suture), 5, 8, 15, 16, 18, 43, 47, 156, 159, 160, 394, 395, 396 Sutura frontonasalis (frontonasal suture), 4, 15 Sutura frontozygomatica (frontozygomatic suture), 4, 41, 43, 395 Sutura intermaxillaris (intermaxillary suture), 3, 72 Sutura internasalis (internasal suture), 15 Sutura lambdoidea (lambdoid suture), 5, 8, 9, 39, 55, 56, 57, 58, 394, 395, 396, 397

Sutural bone (os suturale), 8 Sutura metopica (metopic suture), 15, 18 Sutura nasomaxillaris (nasomaxillary suture), 4, 5 Sutura occipitomastoidea (occipitomastoid suture), 19, 57, 58, 114, 397 Sutura palatina mediana (median palatine suture), 6, 7, 19, 72, 73, 79 Sutura palatina transversa (transverse palatine suture), 7 Sutura parietomastoidea (parietomastoid suture), 58, 395 Sutura parietomastoideus (parietomastoid suture), 19 Sutura sagittalis (sagittal suture), 8, 18, 47, 55, 56, 394, 395, 396, 397 Sutura sphenofrontalis (sphenofrontal suture), 5, 41, 42, 43, 160, 161 Sutura sphenoparietalis (sphenoparietal suture), 5 Sutura sphenosquamosa (sphenosquamous suture), 5, 37, 42, 43, 160, 163 Sutura sphenovomeralis (sphenovomerine suture), 295 Sutura sphenozygomatica (sphenozygomatic suture), 41, 43 Sutura squamosa (squamous suture), 5, 16, 57, 58, 160, 394, 395 Sutura temporozygomatica (temporozygomatic suture), 4, 42 Sutura zygomaticomaxillaris (zygomaticomaxillary suture), 4, 84 Sympathetic trunk (truncus sympatheticus), 209, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 219, 221, 246, 247, 249, 494, 500 Symphysis mandibulae (mandibular symphysis), 19, 106 Synchondrosis, sphenooccipitalis (spheno-occipital synchondrosis), 10 Synchondrosis petrooccipitalis (petro-occipital synchondrosis), 295 Synchondrosis sphenopetrosa, sphenooccipitalis et petrooccipitalis (sphenopetrosal, spheno- occipital and petro-occipital synchondrosis), 38 T Taenia thalami (taenia thalami), 431, 432, 578, 579 Taenia thalami (taenia thalami), 431, 432, 578, 579 Tapetum (tapetum), 559, 565, 566, 568, 577 Tapetum (tapetum), 559, 565, 566, 568, 577 Tarsus inferior (inferior tarsus), 346 Tarsus superior (superior tarsus), 346, 347, 348, 349 Tectal plate (lamina tecti), 383, 389, 427, 432, 442, 572, 575 Tectorial membrane (membrana tectoria), 474, 475, 476, 477, 478 Tectum mesencephali (tectum of midbrain), 551 Tectum of midbrain (tectum mesencephali), 551 Tegmentum mesencephali (tegmentum of midbrain), 450, 451, 452, 456, 457, 463, 552, 576 Tegmentum of midbrain (tegmentum mesencephali), 450, 451, 452, 456, 457, 463, 552, 576 Tegmen tympani (tegmen tympani), 98, 100 Tegmen tympani (tegmen tympani), 98, 100 Tela choroidea (choroid membrane), 388, 391, 392, 393, 417, 418, 448

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Tela choroidea, ventriculus tertius (choroid membrane, third ventricle), 517 Tela choroidea of fourth ventricle (tela choroidea ventriculi quarti), 588 Tela choroidea ventriculi quarti (tela choroidea of fourth ventricle), 588 Temporal aponeurosis (aponeurosis temporalis), 159 Temporal arteries (arteriae temporalis), 399 Temporal bone (os temporale), 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 57, 58, 63, 84, 85, 110 Temporal bone, petrous part (pars petrosa, os temporale), 6, 10, 19, 38, 58, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103, 112 Temporal bone, squamous part (pars squamosa os temporale), 5, 10, 16, 37, 39, 43, 84, 85, 94, 95, 96, 98, 99, 101, 102, 103, 104, 110 Temporal bone, tympanic part (os temporale, pars tympanica), 57, 84, 94, 96, 97, 100, 103, 110, 111, 114 Temporal branches (rami temporales), 409 Temporal fascia (fascia temporalis), 157, 159 Temporal fascia, deep layer (fascia temporalis, lamina profunda), 157, 159 Temporal fascia, superficial layer (fascia temporalis, lamina superficialis), 157, 158, 159 Temporal fossa (fossa temporalis), 399 Temporal horn (cornu temporale), 528 Temporalis muscle (musculus temporalis), 145, 147, 154, 155, 156, 159, 169, 172, 279, 326, 327, 329 Temporal line (linea temporalis), 47, 51 Temporal lobe (lobus temporalis), 160, 161, 163, 167, 172, 238, 239, 283, 394, 395, 399, 401, 405, 406, 434, 435, 439, 512, 515, 545, 546, 567, 569, 570, 573, 581 Temporal operculum (operculum temporale), 373, 543 Temporal pole (polus temporalis), 365, 371, 373, 374, 511, 525 Temporal process (processus temporalis), 41, 42, 43, 81, 83, 84 Temporal surface (facies temporalis), 26, 48, 51, 83, 84, 94 Temporal veins (venae temporales), 399 Temporo-occipital artery (arteria temporooccipitalis), 406, 409 Temporo-occipital branch (ramus temporooccipitalis), 399, 403, 404, 405 Temporozygomatic suture (sutura temporozygomat ica), 4, 19, 42 Tensor tympani muscle (musculus tensor tympani), 103, 104, 454, 455, 456, 457, 460, 462, 506 Tensor tympani muscle and pharyngotympanic tube (musculus tensor tympani et tuba auditiva), 103 Tensor veli palatini muscle (musculus tensor veli palatini), 222, 280, 483, 484 Tentorial notch (incisura tentorii), 423 Tentorium cerebelli (tentorium cerebelli), 420, 423, 424, 425, 426, 450, 459, 461 Tentorium cerebelli (tentorium cerebelli), 420, 423, 424, 425, 426, 450, 459, 461

Thalamic fasciculus and zona incerta (fasciculus thalamicus et zona incerta), 532 Thalamic radiation (radiato thalami), 558 Thalamogeniculate artery (arteria thalamogenicu lato), 407, 420, 437 Thalamoparietal fibers (fibrae thalamoparietales), 572, 573 Thalamoperforating artery (arteria thalami per forans), 503 Thalamotuberal artery (arteria thalamotuberalis), 435 Thalamus (thalamus), 268, 382, 405, 410, 413, 414, 420, 421, 423, 424, 427, 428, 430, 438, 516, 517, 531, 532, 533, 534, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 562, 568, 569, 571, 572, 573 Thalamus (thalamus), 268, 382, 405, 410, 413, 414, 420, 421, 423, 424, 427, 428, 430, 438, 516, 517, 531, 532, 533, 534, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 562, 568, 569, 571, 572, 573 Third occipital nerve (nervus occipitalis tertius), 225, 227, 229, 236 Third ventricle (ventriculus tertius), 378, 381, 382, 383, 419, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 442, 444, 514, 515, 516, 527, 528, 533, 535, 552, 572, 573, 577, 578, 579 Thoracic duct (ductus thoracicus), 198, 220, 221 Thoracic duct, cervical part (ductus thoracicus, pars cervicalis), 193 Thyro-arytenoid muscle (musculus thyroarytenoi deus), 314, 318, 321 Thyro-arytenoid muscle, thyro-epiglottic part (musculus thyroarytenoideus, pars thyro epiglottica), 315, 321 Thyro-epiglottic ligament (ligamentum thyroepiglot ticum), 323, 325 Thyrohyoid branch (ramus thyrohyoid), 250 Thyrohyoid membrane (membrana thyrohyoidea), 308, 311, 312, 317 Thyrohyoid muscle (musculus thyrohyoideus), 160, 163, 171, 178, 180, 181, 185, 202, 250, 308, 309 Thyroid cartilage (cartilago thyroidea), 154, 156, 160, 163, 178, 180, 208, 210, 217, 300, 301, 303, 304, 305, 306, 308, 309, 311, 317, 319, 320, 321 Thyroid cartilage, inferior horn (cornu inferius cartilago thyroidea), 311, 312, 313, 314 Thyroid cartilage, superior horn (cartilago thyroidea cornu superior), 302, 313, 314, 315, 316, 318, 320 Thyroid gland (glandula thyroidea), 148, 195, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 208, 216, 217, 242, 243, 250, 251, 308, 309 Tongue (lingua), 175, 209, 215, 251, 268, 269, 272, 277, 278, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304 Tonsilla cerebelli (cerebellar tonsil), 237, 385, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 431, 440, 444, 445, 447, 449, 512, 588 Tonsilla palatina (palatine tonsil), 268, 300, 301, 302 Tonsilla pharyngealis (pharyngeal tonsil), 268, 270, 272, 274, 275, 277, 278, 294 Torus tubarius (torus tubarius), 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 277, 278, 293, 294, 296, 297, 299, 300, 301, 427

621

Torus tubarius (torus tubarius), 268, 269, 270, 272, 274, 275, 277, 278, 293, 294, 296, 297, 299, 300, 301, 427 Trachea (trachea), 210, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 308, 309, 311, 312, 313, 316, 317, 325 Trachea (trachea), 210, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 308, 309, 311, 312, 313, 316, 317, 325 Tractus mesencephalicus nervi trigemini (mesencephalic tract of trigeminal nerve), 590 Tractus olfactorius (olfactory tract), 275, 335, 336, 341, 343, 365, 370, 371, 408, 426, 435, 450, 451, 452, 453, 458, 459, 511, 549, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582 Tractus opticus (optic tract), 370, 371, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 381, 382, 435, 513, 528, 530, 532, 548, 576, 577, 578, 580, 581, 582 Tractus pyramidalis (pyramidal tract), 531, 576 Tractus trigeminospinalis (trigeminospinal tract), 590, 591 Tragus (tragus), 255, 256, 258, 264 Tragus (tragus), 255, 256, 258, 264 Transverse arytenoid muscle (musculus arytenoideus transversus), 310, 313, 315 Transverse cervical artery (arteria transversa colli), 183, 184, 186, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Transverse cervical nerve (nervus transversus colli), 153, 154, 156, 179, 181, 182, 183, 185, 189, 192, 193, 200 Transverse cervical vein (vena transversa cervicis), 195, 196, 197, 198 Transverse crest (crista transversa), 100 Transverse facial artery (arteria transversa faciei), 149, 151, 155, 160, 161, 168, 169, 170, 175, 209, 212 Transverse facial vein (vena transversus faciae), 155 Transverse ligament of atlas (ligamentum transver sum atlantis), 477, 478, 492 Transverse muscle of auricle (musculus transversus auriculae), 257 Transverse occipital sulcus (sulcus occipitalis transversus), 369 Transverse palatine suture (sutura palatina trans versa), 7 Transverse pontine fibers (fibrae pontis transversae), 587 Transverse pontine vein (vena pontis transversae), 435, 441 Transverse process (processus transversus), 9, 112, 113, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 139, 140, 216, 217, 219, 221 Transverse sinus (sinus transversus), 234, 238, 239, 397, 398, 425, 450 Transverse temporal gyri (gyrus temporalis trans versi), 569 Trapezius muscle (musculus trapezius), 181, 182, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 201, 202, 223 Triangular fossa (fossa triangularis), 255, 256, 264

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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622

Index Trigeminal ganglion (ganglion trigeminale), 336, 345, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 459, 460, 461, 462, 464, 465, 484, 486, 491, 496, 502, 503, 504, 508 Trigeminal impression (impressio trigeminalis), 37, 40, 63, 95, 98, 100, 101, 102, 103 Trigeminal impression (impression trigeminalis), 14 Trigeminal nerve (nervus trigeminus), 247, 336, 386, 388, 389, 434, 436, 437, 439, 440, 441, 443, 445, 454, 455, 457, 460, 461, 462, 464, 469, 470, 472, 502, 503, 504, 561, 584, 585, 586, 589, 590, 591 Trigeminal nerve, motor root (nervus trigeminus, radix motoria), 461 Trigeminal nerve, sensory and motor roots of (nervus trigeminus radix sensoria et motoria), 435 Trigeminal nerve, sensory root (nervus trigeminus, radix sensoria), 461 Trigeminal tubercle (tuberculum trigeminale), 467 Trigeminospinal tract (tractus trigeminospinalis), 590, 591 Trigonum collaterale (collateral trigone), 412, 569, 570 Trigonum habenulare (habenular trigone), 384 Trigonum nervi hypoglossi (hypoglossal trigone), 467, 498, 589, 590 Trigonum nervi vagi (vagal trigone), 446, 448, 467, 498, 589, 590 Trigonum olfactorium (olfactory trigone), 374 Trigonum submentale (submental triangle), 177 Trochlea (trochlea), 337, 340, 343, 345, 347, 348, 349, 351, 354 Trochlea (trochlea), 337, 340, 343, 345, 347, 348, 349, 351, 354 Trochlear fovea (fovea trochlearis), 46, 48, 49, 52 Trochlear nerve (nervus trochlearis), 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 351, 386, 389, 434, 436, 437, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 454, 456, 457, 459, 460, 461, 463, 464, 465, 466, 468, 469, 470, 472, 485, 486, 495, 496, 499, 501, 502, 503, 504, 506, 507, 509, 510, 584, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591 Truncus brachiocephalicus (brachiocephalic trunk), 204, 209, 213, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221 Truncus corpus callosum (body corpus callosum), 519, 567, 568 Truncus inferior (inferior trunk), 205 Truncus medius (middle trunk), 205 Truncus nervi spinalis (spinal nerve, trunk), 468 Truncus superior (superior trunk), 205 Truncus sympatheticus (sympathetic trunk), 209, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 219, 221, 246, 247, 249, 494, 500 Tuba auditiva (pharyngotympanic tube), 103, 104, 222 Tuba auditoria (auditory tube), 176, 280, 281, 282, 283, 305, 454, 455, 457, 460, 483, 504, 506 Tuba auditoria, pars cartilaginea (auditory tube, cartilaginous part), 482 Tuber (tuber), 385, 388, 390 Tuber (tuber), 385, 388, 390 Tuber cinereum (tuber cinereum), 370, 371, 374, 375, 377, 378, 381, 382, 383

Tuber cinereum (tuber cinereum), 370, 371, 374, 375, 377, 378, 381, 382, 383 Tuberculum (tuberculum), 23, 32 Tuberculum (tuberculum), 23, 32 Tuberculum anterius (anterior tubercle), 115, 116, 119, 120, 121, 126, 128, 130, 131, 135 Tuberculum articulare (articular tubercle), 42, 43, 57, 84, 94, 96, 97, 99, 100, 110, 160 Tuberculum caroticum (carotid tubercle), 115, 116 Tuberculum corniculatum (corniculate tubercle), 313 Tuberculum cuneatum (cuneate tubercle), 393, 467, 498, 589 Tuberculum cuneiform (cuneiforme tubercle), 313 Tuberculum epiglotticum (epiglottic tubercle), 310 Tuberculum gracile (gracile tubercle), 393, 467, 589, 590 Tuberculum jugulare (jugular tubercle), 36, 37, 40, 59, 62 Tuberculum olfactorium (olfactory tubercle), 377 Tuberculum orbitale (orbital tubercle), 81 Tuberculum pharyngeum (pharyngeal tubercle), 7, 10, 55, 60, 61, 295, 298 Tuberculum posterius (posterior tubercle), 9, 113, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 136 Tuberculum sellae (tuberculum sellae), 20, 26 Tuberculum sellae (tuberculum sellae), 20, 26 Tuberculum trigeminale (trigeminal tubercle), 467 Tuber frontale (frontal tuber), 44, 47, 51 Tuber maxillae (maxillary tuberosity), 10, 71, 73, 111 Tuber parietale (parietal tuber), 53, 56 Tunica conjunctiva bulbi (bulbar conjunctiva), 354, 355, 356 Tympanic canaliculus (canaliculus tympanicus), 97 Tympanic cavity (cavitas tympani), 455 Tympanic membrane (membrana tympanica), 16, 222, 257, 259, 508 Tympanic membrane, pars flaccida (membrana tympanica, pars flaccida), 260 Tympanic membrane, pars tensa (membrana tympanica, pars tensa), 260 Tympanic nerve (nervus tympanicus), 470, 471, 473, 494 Tympanic notch (incisura tympanica), 94, 100 Tympanic ring (anulus tympanicus), 42, 100 Tympanomastoid fissure (fissura tympanomastoidea), 94, 100 Tympanosquamous fissure (fissura tympanosqua mosa), 10, 94 U Umbo membranae tympanicae (umbo of tympanic membrane), 260 Umbo of tympanic membrane (umbo membranae tympanicae), 260 Uncal apex, 563 Uncal notch, 563 Uncal sulcus, 563 Uncinate fasciculus (fasciculus uncinatus), 556, 557, 564, 576, 579 Uncinate process (processus uncinatus), 34, 64, 66, 68, 112, 115, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 137, 138, 139, 270, 287, 288

Uncus (uncus), 370, 371, 372, 374, 375, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 420, 435, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, 574, 575, 576, 577, 580, 582 Uncus (uncus), 370, 371, 372, 374, 375, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 420, 435, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, 574, 575, 576, 577, 580, 582 Uvula (uvula), 251, 281, 294, 297, 299, 300, 302, 385, 388, 390, 391, 392, 393, 445, 447, 448 Uvula (uvula), 251, 281, 294, 297, 299, 300, 302, 385, 388, 390, 391, 392, 393, 445, 447, 448 Uvular muscle (musculus uvulae), 247 V Vagal trigone (trigonum nervi vagi), 448, 467, 498, 589, 590 Vaginal process (processus vaginalis), 20, 48 Vagina processus styloideus (sheath of styloid process), 94, 96, 100 Vagus cranial nerve (nervus craniales vagus), 492 Vagus nerve (nervus vagus), 12, 63, 146, 178, 179, 180, 195, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 282, 283, 284, 386, 387, 388, 393, 434, 439, 445, 446, 448, 467, 468, 469, 470, 472, 473, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 494, 495, 497, 499, 500, 507, 586 Vault of pharynx (fornix pharyngis), 294 Vein of cerebellomedullary cistern (venae cisternae cerebellomedullaris), 444 Veins of medulla oblongata (venae medullae oblonga tae), 447, 448, 449 Velum medullare inferius (inferior medullary velum), 390, 392, 393, 448, 588 Velum medullare superius (superior medullary velum), 383, 390, 497, 588 Vena anastomotica superior (superior anastomotic vein), 403 Vena anastomotic inferior (inferior anastomotic vein), 398, 399, 495 Vena angularis (angular vein), 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 161 Vena anterior septi pellucidi (anterior vein of septum pellucidum), 415, 416, 418, 420 Vena auricularis posterior (posterior auricular vein), 147, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 190, 191, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 231, 232 Vena basalis (basal vein), 401, 407, 420, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 437, 438, 450, 497, 588 Vena brachiocephalica sinistra (left brachiocephalic vein), 195, 198 Vena cervicalis profunda (deep cervical vein), 226, 227, 228, 229, 231, 232 Vena choroidea superior (superior choroid vein), 405, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421 Venae cisternae cerebellomedullaris (vein of cerebellomedullary cistern), 444 Venae frontales (frontal veins), 396, 399, 403, 409 Venae inferiores cerebelli (inferior veins of cerebellar hemispheres), 444, 445 Venae internae cerebri (internal cerebral vein), 407, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 423, 424, 425, 497

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Index Venae medullae oblongatae (veins of medulla oblongata), 447, 448, 449 Vena emissaria condylaris (condylar emissary vein), 12, 469 Venae parietales (parietal veins), 399, 400, 403 Venae pharyngeae plexus pharyngeus (pharyngeal veins of pharyngeal plexus), 481 Venae pontis (pontine veins), 439 Venae prefrontales (prefrontal veins), 399, 401, 403 Venae superiores cerebelli (superior veins of cerebellar hemisphere), 442, 443, 444 Venae temporales (temporal veins), 399 Venae vorticosae (vorticose veins), 334 Vena facialis (facial vein), 148, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 160, 161, 163, 178, 179, 180, 182, 184, 185, 186, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 202, 204, 217, 234, 235, 238, 327 Vena inferior vermis (inferior vein of vermis), 397, 440, 442, 444, 445, 447, 448, 449 Vena jugularis anterior (anterior jugular vein), 154, 156, 181, 184, 185, 186, 192, 194, 195, 200, 201 Vena jugularis externa (external jugular vein), 143, 145, 177, 178, 180, 181, 182, 184, 185, 187, 190, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 200, 201 Vena jugularis interna (internal jugular vein), 63, 102, 148, 154, 156, 160, 161, 162, 164, 166, 178, 180, 183, 185, 186, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 215, 216, 217, 222, 234, 235, 238, 239, 240, 242, 247, 248, 249, 482, 495, 498 Vena lateralis ventriculi lateralis (lateral vein of lateral ventricle), 424 Vena magna cerebri (great cerebral vein), 422, 424, 425, 427, 437, 438, 497, 587 Vena media profunda cerebri (deep middle cerebral vein), 422 Vena media superficialis cerebri (superficial middle cerebral vein), 399, 407, 415, 420 Vena medullaris posteromediana (posteromedian medullary vein), 444, 448 Vena nasofrontalis (nasofrontal vein), 151, 152 Vena occipitalis (occipital vein), 202, 223, 225, 397, 399, 400, 403, 409, 410 Vena ophthalmica inferior (inferior ophthalmic vein), 328 Vena ophthalmica superior (superior ophthalmic vein), 167, 328, 329, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 342, 403, 460, 466 Vena petrosa (petrosal vein), 439, 440, 441, 442, 443 Vena pontis anterolateralis (anterolateral pontine vein), 435, 437 Vena pontis anteromediana (anteromedian pontine vein), 435, 437 Vena pontis transversae (transverse pontine vein), 435, 441 Vena precentralis cerebelli (precentral cerebellar vein), 442, 444

Vena retromandibularis (retromandibular vein), 147, 154, 155, 156, 199, 202, 206, 208 Vena subclavia (subclavian vein), 194, 195, 196, 198, 203, 217 Vena submentalis (submental vein), 153, 154, 156, 160, 163, 183, 189, 192, 195, 196, 197 Vena superior vermis (superior vein of vermis), 397, 442, 443, 444 Vena suprascapularis (suprascapular vein), 195, 197, 198, 203 Vena supratrochlearis (supratrochlear vein), 151 Vena temporalis superficialis (superficial temporal vein), 157, 158, 326, 327 Vena thalamostriata (superior thalamostriate vein), 415, 416, 417, 418 Vena thyroidea inferior (inferior thyroid vein), 195, 196, 198, 204 Vena thyroidea media (middle thyroid vein), 160, 197, 203 Vena thyroidea superior (superior thyroid vein), 179, 180, 202, 203, 204, 208 Vena transversa cervicis (transverse cervical vein), 195, 196, 197, 198 Vena transversus faciae (transverse facial vein), 155 Vena vertebralis (vertebral vein), 230 Venous jugular arch (arcus venosus jugularis), 181 Ventriculi quarti, striae medullares (fourth ventricle, medullary stria), 467 Ventriculum laterale, atrium (lateral ventricle, atrium), 569 Ventriculus laryngis (laryngeal ventricle), 316 Ventriculus lateralis (lateral ventricle), 268, 376, 378, 381, 382, 405, 414, 419, 422, 423, 434, 438, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 526, 527, 528, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 539, 544, 547, 548, 550, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563, 564, 576, 578, 580, 581, 582 Ventriculus quartus (fourth ventricle), 383, 388, 390, 427, 431, 448, 449, 497, 512, 513, 535, 585 Ventriculus tertius (third ventricle), 378, 381, 382, 383, 419, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 442, 444, 514, 515, 516, 527, 528, 533, 535, 552, 572, 573, 577, 578, 579 Vermis cerebelli (vermis of cerebellum), 237, 240, 391, 392, 397, 444, 537, 587, 589 Vermis of cerebellum (vermis cerebelli), 237, 240, 391, 392, 397, 444, 537, 587, 589 Vertebra cervicalis, C3 (cervical vertebra, C3), 269, 278 Vertebrae cervicales (cervical vertebrae), 111, 303, 305 Vertebral arch (arcus vertebrae), 131, 132, 133, 140 Vertebral artery (arteria vertebralis), 9, 111, 112, 113, 114, 129, 133, 209, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 283, 284, 402, 431, 434, 436, 439, 440, 441, 445, 446, 448, 467, 468, 470, 471, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 492, 493, 494, 495, 497, 498, 500, 508, 509 Vertebral artery, muscular branches of (arteria vertebralis, rami musculares), 230, 231, 241

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Vertebral artery, radicular branch (arteria vertebralis, ramus radicularis), 241 Vertebral body (corpus vertebrae), 112, 115, 116, 121, 123, 124, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 137, 138, 139, 216, 221 Vertebral body, C7 (corpus vertebrae, C7), 219 Vertebral foramen (foramen vertebrale), 117, 120, 123, 126, 129 Vertebral vein (vena vertebralis), 230 Vertical crest (crista verticalis), 100 Vertical occipital fasciculus, lateral fibers (fasciculi occipitales verticales, fibrae laterales), 555 Vestibular area (area vestibularis), 393, 498 Vestibular fold (plica vestibularis), 316 Vestibular labyrinth (labyrinthus vestibularis), 470, 504, 507, 509 Vestibular ligament (ligamentum vestibulare), 318, 322, 323, 324 Vestibular nerve (nervus vestibularis), 461 Vestibular nerve, superior part (nervus vestibularis, pars superior), 454, 455 Vestibulocochlear nerve (nervus vestibulocochlearis), 12, 13, 63, 242, 244, 247, 386, 387, 388, 434, 437, 439, 440, 441, 445, 446, 467, 468, 469, 470, 472, 473, 474, 494, 497, 499, 504, 584, 585, 586, 591 Vocal fold (plica vocalis), 316 Vocal ligament (ligamentum vocale), 318, 319, 322, 323, 324 Vocal muscle (musculus vocalis), 318, 319, 322 Vomer (vomer), 4, 7, 10, 15, 27, 30, 77, 89, 278, 286, 295 Vomer (vomer), 4, 7, 10, 15, 27, 30, 77, 89, 278, 286, 295 Vomerine crest of choana (crista choanalis vomeris), 88, 269, 277, 278 Vomerine groove (sulcus vomeris), 88 Vorticose veins (venae vorticosae), 334 W Wing of central lobule (ala lobuli centralis), 384, 388 Z Zonular fibers (fibrae zonulares), 359 Zygomatic arch (arcus zygomaticus), 5, 10, 11, 111, 265, 326, 327 Zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum), 4, 5, 6, 7, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19, 28, 29, 33, 41, 42, 43, 84, 85, 111 Zygomaticofacial foramen (foramen zygomatico faciale), 4, 7, 29, 42, 81, 82, 84, 327 Zygomaticomaxillary suture (sutura zygomatico maxillaris), 4, 84 Zygomatic process (processus zygomaticus), 31, 39, 77, 84 Zygomaticus major muscle (musculus zygomaticus major), 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, 150, 326, 327 Zygomaticus minor muscle (musculus zygomaticus minor), 143, 144, 145, 149

Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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Peris-Celda et al., Rhoton’s Atlas of Head, Neck, and Brain: 2D and 3D Images (ISBN 978-1-60406-900-6), copyright © 2018 Thieme Medical Publishers All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.

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978-1-60406-901-3c029.indd 624

8/23/17 11:01 AM

Rhotons Atlas of Head, Neck and Brain 1st Edition_booksmedicos.org

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