Music Theory Books Bundle of 2 - Rosa Suen

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Best Seller Music Books Bundle of 2

7 East Steps To Read Music Circle of 5ths

Rosa Suen Learn Piano With Rosa

Best Seller Music Books Bundle of 2 7 Easy Steps To Read Music Circle of 5ths Fully Explained with Application Author: Rosa Suen Cover Design: Raymond Suen Email: [email protected]

Copyright 2013 By Learn Piano With Rosa Studio All Rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, copied, stored, or transmitted in any form or by any means – graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or in information storage and retrieval systems – without the prior written permission of Rosablanca Suen. This ebook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This ebook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each recipient.

About the Author

You can connect with me by visiting my Website: 1. Learn Piano With Rosa

2. My Piano Blog - Standards and Popular Songs

3. Dreamy Piano Courses and Fun Mini Lessons 4. Rosa Piano Online School

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I love to hear from you. You can write to me at: [email protected]

Table of Contents About the Author Table of Contents Book 1 THE CIRCLE OF 5THS - Best Seller Book Circle of 5ths - Introduction 1. The Diagram of the Circle of 5ths 2. 12 Key Signatures 3. Flats and Sharps 4. Learn This Trick 5. Rosa's Rotary Circle 6. All 12 Major Keys in the Circle of 5ths 7. Chord Movement - Counter Clockwise 8. Circle of 4ths? 9. Application: Playing Circle of 5ths movement on the Piano 10. Use the Circle to identify I IV V7 of all 12 Keys 11. Revealing the 7 Diatonic Chords of all 12 Keys 12. Some Circle of 5ths Reveals Major and Minor scales. 13. Common Chord Progressions 14. Transposing Songs to Other Keys 15. Conclusion: Book Two Chapter I How To Read Music Step 1

Start with Musical Staff

Step 2 Read Treble Clef Notes

Step 3 Fast Trick Method to Identify Notes Practice Reading Treble Clef Notes Answer Key: Test 1 - Write down the notes on a separate sheet of paper: Answer to Test 1 Test 2 - More Advanced Answer to Test 2 Step 4. Recognize White Keys & Black Keys Scales with Sharps: Scales with Flats: Test 3: Identify the Scale Answer to Test 3 Step 5. Read Rhythms and Note Durations Exercises Examples: Test 4: Answer to Test 4: Step 6. Read Time Signature Exercise: Exercises to help you read notes duration within a bar Do the following tests yourself: Test 5: Test 6: Test 7: Step 7. Read the Rests Chapter II Music Note Durations Chart Chapter III Music Score Terms Illustrated Chapter IV Music Note Terms

Chapter V Music Dynamics Chart Chapter VI 101 Musical Terms

Book 1 Music Theory Piano Chords Theory Circle of 5ths Fully Explained with Application Chord Progressions Chord Movement

Rosa Suen Learn Piano With Rosa

THE CIRCLE OF 5THS - Best Seller Book Short Sharing: This book has reached the best seller category that students have been writing to me and telling me how fascinated they are with the Circle of 5ths. They have reached out to me to do one-on-one lessons with them via Skype and webinars. Their passion and desire to understand the Circle of 5ths have prompted me to do a VIDEO course on the Circle of 5ths that you do not get just by reading an ebook. For you only, I am offering everyone who buys this book a 76% discount of my Comprehensive Video Course on Circle of 5ths: You can buy it with my special coupon code: VIPSpecialFromRosa

Circle of 5ths - Introduction The Circle of 5ths is a fascinating tool that incorporates many elements of music theory into a visual format. Just as a color wheel shows how colors blend together in harmony, the Circle of 5ths shows how the 12 unique tones work harmoniously in music. When I was young, I was fascinated by this Circle of 5ths. I went to the library to look up all the music theory books on the Circle of 5ths. All it shows is the diagram and what is on the Circle of 5ths. They never explain to me about the usefulness of the Circle of 5ths. This left me very frustrated. I only knew how to use the Circle of 5ths to look up the keys of the songs. It was a 'static' Circle. As I became more skilful in piano playing and picked up guitar and ukulele playing, I was fascinated by what the Circle of 5ths can do. The Circle of 5ths was no longer static. The Circle of 5ths came alive. I was able to use the Circle of 5ths to play by ear. I began to understand chords movement in many popular songs. I was able to predict chords progression using the Circle of 5ths. This book is to share with you all the Hidden Chord Tips I discover in the last 20 years that I had wished music teachers would share with me. This is a treasure! Once you know how to use the Circle of 5ths properly, your will be able to play songs by ear, predict chord movement of songs, and write your own songs!

1. The Diagram of the Circle of 5ths

First, we need to understand the diagram of the Circle of 5ths and how to read this Circle of 5ths. The Circle has 12 points like the face of a clock. The 12 unique tones are placed on the 12 respective points. We can take note of the following points regarding the Circle of 5ths. 1. Gb/F# at the 6 o’clock position is enharmonic. They have different names but they represent the same sound. 2. The 12 letters can represent various elements: -- the 12 unique notes of an octave. -- the 12 keys. -- the root notes of chords. -- the 12 tones are not positioned in chromatic half steps which is what we would expect. Instead, each tone is a perfect 5th interval apart.

G is the 5th scale tone of the key of C. D is the 5th scale tone of the key of G. A is the 5th scale tone of the key of D. E is the 5th scale tone of the key of A. B is the 5th scale tone of the key of E.

2. 12 Key Signatures THE CIRCLE OF 5THS REVEALS KEY SIGNATURES

You can use the Circle of 5ths to determine key signatures. Each note denotes the tonic of a new key. a. The key of C has no sharps, no flats. b. As you move clockwise, each new key signature has an additional sharp. -- G major has 1 sharp. -- D major has 2 sharps. -- A major has 3 sharps. -- E major has 4 sharps. -- B major has 5 sharps. -- F# major has 6 sharps.

c. As you move counter-clockwise, each new key signature has an additional flat. -- F major has 1 flat. -- Bb major has 2 flats. -- Eb major has 3 flats. -- Ab major has 4 flats. -- Db major has 5 flats. -- Gb major has 6 flats.

3. Flats and Sharps The Circle of 5ths reveal to us the order of flats and sharps. This is good news to all piano, guitar and ukulele players.

Here is a table that will allow you to visually see the order.

1. You add flats in this order: B E A D G C F 2. You add sharps in the reverse order: F C G D A E B

4. Learn This Trick Here is a trick to help you memorize the letters in the Circle of 5ths. Do you notice the following pattern in the Circle? The letters move in counter-clockwise and have the following pattern.

An EZ way to memorize the Circle: -- Both rows spell the word “BEAD”. -- The second row is spelled with the flats. When you remember the spelling of the word “BEAD” plus G C F, you will easily remember the names and the order of the notes in the Circle of 5ths.

5. Rosa's Rotary Circle I learned the Circle much too late in my music life. The first time I learned how to use the Circle was from Debbie Denke. She taught me how to play all the major chords in all 12 keys following the Circle. Doing this exercise taught my ears to listen to the movement of common chord progressions in most songs. And very soon, my hands automatically knew how to look for the chords in this order. It is good to learn the Circle at the beginning of your music journey, so that you gain a good understanding of how music works, and how chords move in relation to one another. When you understand how chords work in relation to one another, not only can you understand how chord progressions work in a song, you can also play a lot of songs by ear. Better still, you can even compose your own songs using the principles in the Circle. In the following picture, you see a specially designed Rosa’s Rotary Circle of 5ths. Have the joy of making your own Rotary Circle. Learn to create your own musical tool. You won’t find this rotary circle in music stores.

Instructions: A. Create the Outer Circle Get a Blank CD and write the following letter names around the circle:

This is the Outer Circle:

B. Make the Inner Circle On a piece of colored paper, make the following inner circle:

The Roman Numerals is a system to represent the diatonic chords for all Keys. The Roman numerals are used to identify the Chords. When analyzing songs, you can use the Circle of 5ths to see how chords move from one chord to another in a song. In most songs, you will notice certain sequences of Roman numerals: For eg. VII7 iii7 vi7 ii7 V7 I Most songs move in the above Roman Numeral Chord progression. Once you know the Roman Numeral progression, you can move the circle to identify what chords to play for any keys.

C. Put the inner circle on top of the outer circle:

Now, put the Circle of 5ths inside a CD case and make sure it rotates smoothly.

The beauty of this Circle is that this is a Rotary Circle. Instead of just reading about the Circle in a book, you actually get to play around with this toy to understand how the Circle works. As the lessons progress, you will see how chords progressions move in a logical path in this Circle. You will also see how chords move in similar patterns in all 12 keys. Once you understand how the work of the Circle of 5ths works, it will always belong to you. Take this circle with you wherever you play. This is my gift to you. Enjoy, enjoy!

6. All 12 Major Keys in the Circle of 5ths Now that you have the Circle of 5ths in front of you, you can find the scale tones of all 12 Major Keys.

Example 1: Key of C: 1. Put the tonic of the key at the 12 o’clock position. 2. This is the C note.

Example 2: Key of G 1. Put the tonic note at the 12 o’clock position. 2. This is the G note.

You can do this for all 12 keys. Just Rotate your Rotary Circle and put the Tonic key at 12 o' clock position. Enharmonic Names: For the keys that use sharps, you need to translate the notes on the Circle from a flatted note name to its enharmonic sharped note name. For example, for the key of D, the scale uses sharps, F# and C#. But when you look at the circle, you don’t see a C# but a Db. In your head, you need to make a mental calculation to change that to C#. Can you see how handy this Circle of 5ths is? This tool becomes so handy that you will take this Rotary Circle wherever you go. Whether you play piano, or guitar or ukulele, you take this circle with you because all songs move in this circle of 5th movement.

As you advance in these lessons, this magic Circle reveals to you how chords move in relation to each other in all 12 keys. The Circle also reveals the chord progressions of many popular songs. By understanding how the Circle works, you can also learn to play by ear in any key.

7. Chord Movement - Counter Clockwise Music has a sense of movement. Whenever you use the Circle of 5ths to determine the chord progression of a song, put the home chord of the key at 12 o’clock position. The 12 o’clock position is the home base of the song. This is very IMPORTANT. This means that when the chords resolve, the chords must make their way back to 12 o’clock, the home key. Now you can start to appreciate why this is a Rotary Circle. You can easily transform any note into your home key by moving it to the 12 o’clock position. Music TIP: COUNTER-CLOCKWISE CHORD MOVEMENT

For example: Key of C: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Home chord is C. Set the C of the rotary circle to the 12 o’clock position. In music, V7 to I is the most common progression in music. Ask: What is the V7 of the C key? G chord. Where is the G chord in the circle? It is the chord to the right of C.

Do you see the Counter Clockwise chord movement? This is how chords tend to move in music.

How does G7 move to C? The chord movement is COUNTER-CLOCKWISE in the Circle of 5ths.

You often see this kind of chord progression in the key of C: Take a look at chord progressions of popular songs, they move in this way: -

G7 C D7 G7 C A7 D7 G7 C E7 A7 D7 G7 C B7 E7 A7 D7 G7 C

Can you see that the chord movement is always counter-clockwise to return to C, the home chord? Each one of these chords is moving a 5th down to the next chord: -- B7 to E7: You count down: B A G F E B is a 5th down to E. -- E7 to A7: You count down: E D C B A E is a 5th down to A. -- A7 to D7: You count down: A G F E D A is a 5th down to D -- D7 to G7: You count down: D C B A G D is a 5th down to G -- G7 to C: You count down: G F E D C G is a 5th down to C

How do chords move?

-- Chords move in descending 5ths. -- Chords always move counter-clockwise in the Circle of 5ths. -- Chord movements don’t usually skip steps when following the Circle. -- Chords usually move chord by chord back to the home chord.

8. Circle of 4ths? The Circle reveals chord progression by intervals of 5th, that’s why the Circle is called the Circle of 5ths. But the Circle is also frequently referred to as the Circle of 4ths. Why? Whenever you play G to C on the piano, do you realize that you are moving either by an interval of 5th or an interval of 4th? Let’s go to the piano and play the G: If you want to move to a C chord, you have 2 choices:

1. You can go down the scale. G going down to C: G F E D C When you go down from G to C, you get an interval of a 5th.

2. You can go up the scale. G going up to C: G A B C When you go up from G to C, you get an interval of a 4th.

The Circle Is Actually Descending a 5th and Ascending a 4th

Does it matter whether you move up or move down when playing this G7 to C progression on the piano? a. It doesn’t matter as a C chord is a C chord anywhere on the keyboard. b. Whether it is a C chord up a 4th or a C chord down a 5th, a C chord sounds the same.

1. When you go down from G to C, and continue in intervals of 5th, you get these notes:

Start from the right where the G is, it goes down 5th.

From G down to C -- the interval is a 5th. a 5th down from C is F a 5th down from F is Bb a 5th down from Bb is Eb a 5th down from Eb is Ab a 5th down from Ab is Db

When you descend from G by intervals of a 5th, the order of the notes is: G C F Bb Eb Ab Db Gb/F# B E A D

2. When you go up from G to C, and continue in intervals of 4th, you get these notes:

Start from the Left with the G note and going up a 4th

From G up to C -- the interval is a 4th. a 4th up from C is F a 4th up from F is Bb a 4th up from Bb is Eb a 4th up from Eb is Ab a 4th up from Ab is Db

When you ascend from G by intervals of a 4th, the order of the notes is: G C F Bb Eb Ab Db Gb/F# B E A D

What conclusions can we draw? a. The ascending direction in 4ths is equivalent to the opposite descending direction in 5ths. b. The order of the notes in intervals of ascending 4ths or descending 5ths is exactly the same! c. The Circle of 5ths reveals this same order when read in a counterclockwise direction.

Both keyboard diagrams show what happens when I play around the Circle of 5ths. When I move from a G chord to a C chord, I am moving up a 4th or down a 5th. Musicians generally think of pitch relationships in 5ths rather than in 4ths, thus I like to use the Circle of 5ths.

9. Application: Playing Circle of 5ths movement on the Piano Understanding the theory of the Circle of 5ths is one thing. Knowing how the Circle of 5ths is applied when we play the piano is something else. You need to realize that whether your hands move up or down, your chord movement in the Circle of 5ths must go counter-clockwise, because this is how chords want to resolve in a song. I have always had fun playing with chord progressions using the Circle. When you play chords in this order, the tones resolve very well and sound very pleasant. You subconsciously teach your ears and hands to listen and play common chord progressions that are found in most songs. What’s more, you also learn to play proficiently in all 12 keys. This is how the music would look like in music notation when playing around the Circle of 5ths:

Play these notes in this order and listen to how pleasantly they sound.

Look at the notes Sometimes you need to move up, sometimes you need to move down on the piano. You can’t keep going down continuously nor can you keep going up continuously. When we play the piano, it’s a back and forth movement of up and down.

a. When we move up on the piano, we are moving in ascending 4ths. b. When we move down, we are moving in descending 5ths. c. Yet, whether ascending or descending, those notes and chords are following the counter-clockwise movement in the Circle. This is how you have fun playing around the Circle. Playing chords counterclockwise always sounds good because this is how chords tend to move.

10. Use the Circle to identify I IV V7 of all 12 Keys Always put the key you want to play in at the 12 o’clock position. This allows you to anchor the key that you want to play in so that you can easily identify the common chord progression of a song in any key. So far, we have only learned 3 chords: I, IV, V7. Most hymns can be played with these 3 chords, so let’s use the Circle of 5ths to identify these 3 chords. As you advance in learning more chords in later lessons, you will be able to use the Circle more extensively. You will notice that the I, IV, V7 chords are next to one another in the Circle. Chords next to one another always sound good.

TO FIND THE I IV V7 OF ALL 12 KEYS: a. b. c. d.

Set the tonic of the key at the 12 o’clock position. This automatically shows chord I. The note on the right indicates the V7 chord. The note on the left indicates the IV chord.

I'll show you 3 examples here: Key of C, Key of F, Key of G

Example 1: Key of C

For C as the home key: -- We rotate and set the C to the 12 o’clock position. -- C is the I chord. -- On the right side is G, the V7 chord. -- On the left side is F, the IV chord.

Example 2: Key of F

F is the home key: -- We rotate and set the F to the 12 o’clock position. -- F is chord I. -- On the right side is C, the V7 chord. -- On the left side is Bb, the IV chord.

Example 3: Key of G

G is the home key: -- We rotate and set the G to the 12 o’clock position. -- G is chord I. -- On the right side is D, the V7 chord. -- On the left side is C, the IV chord.

11. Revealing the 7 Diatonic Chords of all 12 Keys The Circle of 5ths enables you to see the 7 diatonic chords that are used in any key. -- Set the home key at the 12 o’clock position. -- The 3 major chords I IV V7 are in the center -- The right side of the Circle shows the rest of the diatonic chords. I'll give you 2 examples: Key of C and Key of F

Example 1: Key of C

Diatonic Chords of C Key: I=C ii = Dm iii = Em IV = F V7 = G7 vi = Am vii dim = Bdim

Example 2: Key of F

Diatonic Chords of F Key: I=F ii = Gm iii = Am IV = Bb V7 = C7 vi = Dm vii dim = E dim

12. Some Circle of 5ths Reveals Major and Minor scales. This kind of Circle of 5ths are based on 2 scales: 1. The Major scale 2. The Minor scale The outer circle with the capitals represent Major keys The inner circle with the small letters represent minor keys

Here is a more expanded form of Circle of 5ths showing both Major keys and minor keys:

13. Common Chord Progressions In songwriting, we want to experiment and alter some of these simpler progressions for our new songs. Many songs have been written using the following patterns. The ear loves to hear the following sound resolution.

1. Here are some of the common chord progressions that are repeated in popular and folk music: I - IV - V 7 I - V - IV I - bVII - IV I - ii - V 7 I – V 7/vi - IV I - vi - IV - V I - ii - IV - V I - iii - ii 7 - V I - iii -IV - V I – V/iii - IV - V iii - vi - IV - V – I iii - vi - ii - V - I I - IV - I – V

2. Here are some common minor progressions repeated in popular and folk music: i - VII - iv i - VII - iv - V 7 i - VII - iv - VI i - VI - III - VII

i - III - iv - VI i - iv – V 7

14. Transposing Songs to Other Keys The Circle of 5ths is very useful when transcribing music. You may need to transpose a song to another key because it is out of your vocal range. Or sometimes the original version of the key has chords that are very difficult to play, so you can transpose the song to more familiar and easy chords. The steps to transpose a song are:

1) Identify the key. 2) Translate the chords into their Roman numeral notation. 3) Choose the key to which you want to transpose.

4) Write down the new chords associated with the respective Roman numerals. The Rotating circle of fifths is especially useful for this.

15. Conclusion: This should be the most comprehensive booklet on the Circle of 5ths. This is the book I had wanted to get all these years in my music journey. 1. Use the Circle of 5ths. 2. Understand the music theory behind the Circle of 5ths. 3. Make your own Rotary Circle of 5ths. 4. Apply the Circle of 5ths into your music. 5. When you use the rotary Circle, all you need to do is to rotate the home key to the 12 o’clock position and everything will be very clear. 6. You see patterns in one flash. This is an invaluable music tool for you to take with you wherever you play. You can play in different keys easily, and you also know what chords are used at one glance for all 12 keys.

Book Two 7 Easy Steps to Read Music With 101 Music Terms Dictionary & 4 Music Charts A Companion for Piano & Guitar Players

Rosa Suen Learn Piano With Rosa 7 Easy Steps to Read Music

With 101 Music Terms Dictionary & 4 Music Charts A Companion for Piano & Guitar Players

Author: Rosa Suen Cover Design: Raymond Suen Email: [email protected]

Copyright 2013 By Learn Piano With Rosa Studio All Rights Reserved. No part of this book (including the Videos material) may be reproduced, copied, stored, or transmitted in any form or by any means – graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or in information storage and retrieval systems – without the prior written permission of Rosablanca Suen. This ebook is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This ebook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each recipient.

Chapter I How To Read Music This book has reached the best seller category that students have been writing to me and telling me how fascinated they are with music theory and how I am able to make them finally understand music theory. They have reached out to me to do one-on-one lessons with them via Skype and webinars. Their passion and desire to understand music theory that prompted me to do a VIDEO course on the Circle of 5ths that you do not get just by reading an ebook. For you only, I am offering everyone who buys this book a 76% discount of my Comprehensive Video Course on Circle of 5ths: You can buy it with my special coupon code: VIPSpecialFromRosa

Introduction: Many people think that it is difficult to read music but it is NOT. Music is actually the simplest written language for anyone to learn. Once you learn the basics, the reward is for a life time. Learning how to read music is a significant step toward eventually being able to play the songs you want easily. This book will provide the music skills for you to read music at a basic level that you can play any song from a lead sheet. 101 Musical Terms are given to you so that you can also understand these terms easily. This little book is to help beginners to read and interpret music notations easily in 7 easy steps. Think of music as language, the notes can be compared to the letters of the alphabets. Just as we learn how to spell words, we also need to know how to

interpret notes on scores.

Step 1

Start with Musical Staff

The MUSICAL STAFF is a set of 5 horizontal lines on which musical notes are written to indicate pitch and time. The staff is read from left to right. The higher the note is on the staff, the higher the pitch is being played. If a note appears above or below the 5 lines, LEDGER LINES are used to indicate the exact note. The two main clefs are: TREBLE CLEF & Bass Clef

The treble clef is played with right hand. The bass clef is played with left hand. My CCI method for piano players to play chords does not require you to read bass clef notations. All you need to know is to identify the notes on the keyboard and play chords with your LH. The keyboard diagrams in the lessons show you explicitly where to hit the keys on the piano so you do not need to read bass clefs at all. This is great news for all piano players.

Step 2 Read Treble Clef Notes However, to play the melodic lines of a song, you need to learn to read the treble clef notes. Notes are written on the lines or spaces of the staff.

The middle C is underlined so that you can match the middle C to the middle C on the piano. When you see an F, you play the corresponding F on the piano. When you see a B, you play the corresponding B on the piano.

Step 3 Fast Trick Method to Identify Notes Here is a little trick to help you identify notes faster:

The spaces - gives you FACE. The lines - give you : EG BDF (Memorize EG as example. BDF is similar to "PDF", so we change the P to B for the sake of memory) You only need to memorize the above to be able to read all the notes in the treble clef. In the following pages, I give you exercises and tests. Do them and keep practising until you get 100% correct. This is how you practice sight reading!

For Advanced Students - Reading beyond the ledger lines

Memorize Below Ledger lines: A B C D Memorize Above Ledger lines: G A B C

Practice Reading Treble Clef Notes To play Chord Method or from fake books, all you need to learn is to read the Treble Clef Notes. Do the following exercises and write your answer on a piece of paper. (Answer is provided for you on the next page)

Answer Key: Here are the answers. 1. B A G 2. C A B 3. E G G 4. F E D 5. G A B 6. C A G E 7. F A D E 8. A G E 9. B E E 10. F A D 11. B E A D 12. E D G E 13. A C E 14. B E G 15. E B B 16. D E E D 17. F A C E 18. A D D

How many did you get correct? If you manage to get only half right, go back to the previous page and do again. Keep doing the exercises until you get 90% correct. This is the way to practice reading notes. Once you are able to get 90% correct, go to the next page and do the 'test'.

Test 1 - Write down the notes on a separate sheet of paper: Hint Hint: I've made in such a way that each pitch spells a word. This will give you some hint whether you got the answer correct or not. Check the answer on the next page:

Answer to Test 1 They all spell a word. 1. F A C E 2. G A B 3. B A D E 4. F E E D 5. B E E 6. B E A D 7. B E E F 8. C A G E 9. B A G 10. C A B 11. D A B 12. C A F E 13. B A D 14. C A D 15. F A D 16. B E 17. C A G E 18. G A D 19. B E G 20. B E D 21. F E D 22. C E D E 23. A G E 24. A C E 25. F E E 26. A D 27. E D G E 28. F A D E How many did you get correct?

If you manage to get only half right, go back to test 1 and do again until you get 90% correct. This is the way to practice reading notes. Then you can move to the next test 2 - advanced.

Test 2 - More Advanced

Write down the notes on a separate sheet of paper: Hint Hint: I've made in such a way that each pitch spells a word. This will give you some hint whether you got the answer correct or not. Check the answer on the next page:

Answer to Test 2 They all spell a word. 1. B A D G E 2. E G G E D 3. E B B E D 4. D E C A D E 5. D A E D 6. D E F A C E 7. C A G E D 8. E F F A C E 9. A D D E D 10. D A B B E D 11. A D A G E 12. F A C A D E 13. G A F F 14. C A B B A G E 15. D E A D 16. B A G G A G E 17. C A F E 18. E F F A C E D

How many did you get correct? If you manage to get only half right, go back to test 1 and do again until you get 90% correct. This is the way to practice reading notes.

Step 4. Recognize White Keys & Black Keys EACH BLACK NOTE is named in relation to its closest white notes. There are two names to each black key. For example, the black note between C and D is called either C# or Db. A sharp is when the note is raised a half-step. A flat is when the note is lowered half-step. We say C# and Db are enharmonic as they refer to the same tone but different name.

Once you understand the Sharps # and the Flats b, then you will understand how the scales are written.

Some scales are written in Sharps and some scales are written in Flats.

Scales with Sharps:

G Scale: G A B C D E F# G

D Scale: D E F# G A B C# D

A Scale: A B C# D E F# G# A

E Scale: E F# G# A B C# D# E

B Scale: B C# D# E F# G# A# B

Scales with Flats: F Scale: F G A Bb C D E F

Bb Scale: Bb C D Eb F G A Bb

Eb Scale: Eb G Ab Bb C D Eb

Ab Scale: Ab Bb C Db Eb F G Ab

Db Scale: Db Eb F Gb Ab Bb Cb Db

Test 3: Identify the Scale

Answers on the next page.

Answer to Test 3 1. Ab Scale 2. Bb Scale 3. D Scale 4. A Scale 5. Eb Scale 6. G Scale 7. F Scale 8. C Scale 9. E Scale

Step 5. Read Rhythms and Note Durations Musical notes have different duration. The time value of notes determines the rhythm of the song.

Exercises Here is a Fun Way for you to Learn Notes Duration:

Examples: Use the notes to calculate the mathematical problems: Isn't this fun?

Test 4: Add up the following notes duration: Answer is on the next page: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Answer to Test 4:

1. 6 2. 2 3. 8 4. 6 5. 13 6. 1 7. 2 8. 1 9. 4 10. 2 11. 5 12. 14

Step 6. Read Time Signature The TIME SIGNATURE or metre tells you how the bars are organized. Each piece of music begins with a time signature. It is written as two numbers, one above the other. The upper number tells us the number of beats in a bar. The lower number tells us the value of each beat.

3 beats in a bar Each beat is a quarter note

s = strong beat w = weak beat In 3/4 time, the strong beat is on the 1st beat.

In 4/4 time, the strong beat occurs on the 1st beat and 3rd beat. The 1st downbeat receives a stronger accent than the 3rd beat.

Exercise: For eg. 4/4 Time Signature - Each bar receives 4 beats:

Exercises to help you read notes duration within a bar

Example: Write out the beats underneath the bars: (For a 4/4 time signature, you need 4 beats for each bar)

This is 4/4 song. Can you write out the beats as follows:

You can see that there are 4 beats to a bar - 4/4

Do the following tests yourself: Write out the 1 2 3 4 underneath the notes.

Test 5:

Answer:

Test 6:

Answer:

Test 7:

Answer:

Step 7. Read the Rests

Rests are periods of silence in a piece of music. When you see a rest, you don’t have to do anything. In all rhythm playing, what you do not play is always as important as what you do play, therefore rests are crucial. The following table shows the relative values of rests.

Combining Note Durations & Rests: When you read music, you need to combine the note durations and rests for them to fit within the bars:

Here is a summary of note durations + Rests:

Chapter II Music Note Durations Chart

Chapter III Music Score Terms Illustrated

Chapter IV Music Note Terms

Chapter V Music Dynamics Chart

Chapter VI 101 Musical Terms 1. Accompaniment additional music used to support the melodic line. 2. A cappella one or more vocalists performing without an accompaniment. 3. Arpeggio a chord with tones that are played successively rather than simultaneously. 4. Accent an important aspect of rhythm where the individual notes are emphasized. 5. Accidental a note to be played as a flat, sharp, or natural. 6. Bar a measure 7. Bass clef the lower staff in the grand staff that establishes notes below middle C. 8. Beat a regular, recurrent pulsation that divides music into equal units of time. 9. Bridge a passage connecting two sections of a composition. 10. Cadence the musical punctuation that creates a sense of rest at the end of a phrase. 11. Cantata music written for chorus and orchestra. Most often religious in nature. 12. Capriccio a quick, improvisational, spirited piece of music. 13. Chord a group of three or more tones played simultaneously. 14. Chord Progression a sequence of chords moving from one to another

in a pattern. 15. Chromatic a series of half steps movement. 16. Clef pitches.

a music symbol at the beginning of a staff that determines the

17. Consonance intervals in chords that sound stable; usually points of rest and resolution. 18. Diatonic melody built from the seven tones of a major or minor scale. 19. Dissonance intervals in chords that sound harsh or unstable. 20. Dominant the fifth degree of the diatonic scale. 21. Downbeat measure.

a strong or accented beat occurring at the first beat of a

22. Drone dull, monotonous tone such as a humming or buzzing sound. Also a bass note held under a melody. 23. Duet a piece of composition where two people perform together. 24. Dynamics refer to the loudness and softness of music. 25. Embellish to decorate the melodic line with a variety of sounds and rhythm. 26. Encore a piece of music played at the end of a recital responding to the audiences enthusiastic reaction to the performance usually shown by continuous applause. 27. Enharmonic Interval two notes that differ in name only. The notes occupy the same position. For example: C sharp and D flat. 28. Ensemble the performance of either all instruments of an orchestra or

voices in a chorus. 29. Etude a musical composition written solely to improve technique, performed for artistic interest. 30. Exposition the first section of a movement written in sonata form, introducing the melodies and themes. 31. Finale movement or passage that concludes the musical composition. 32. Flat semitone.

a symbol indicating that the note is to be diminished by one

33. Form the overall shape or structure of a piece of music. 34. Forte a symbol indicating to play loud. 35. Fourth the interval between two notes. Two whole tones and one semitone make up the distance between the two notes. 36. Frequency rate of vibration which determines pitch. 37. Genre a style of music. 38. Glissando another.

a rapid sliding up or down movement from one pitch to

39. Grand staff a combination of the treble clef and the bass clef. 40. Groove the pulse of the song. 41. Half step the interval between any two adjacent notes on a keyboard. 42. Harmony a pleasing combination of two or three tones played together in the background while a melody is being played. Harmony also refers to the study of chord progressions.

43. Hymn a religious song written in several stanzas. 44. Improvisation spontaneous musical expression. 45. Impromptu a short piano piece, often improvisational and intimate in character. 46. Intervals the distance in pitch between any two tones. 47. Inversion the rearrangement of the order of chord tones. 48. Key refers to a central tone of a piece of music; the keynote or tonality. 49. Key signature sharps or flats placed at the beginning of a staff. 50. Latin rhythm includes bossa nova, samba, montuno with syncopated rhythmic feel. 51. Lead sheet chords written.

a simple form of music notation with the melody and

52. Leading note the seventh note of the scale where there is a strong desire to resolve on the tonic. 53. Legato playing it smooth and connected. 54. Major one of the two modes of the tonal system. Music written in major keys have a positive affirming character. 55. March a form of music written for marching in two-step time. Originally the march was used for military processions. 56. Melody a succession of musical tones varying in pitch and rhythm. 57. Measure a rhythmic grouping or metrical unit that contains a fixed number of beats.

58. Meter the organization of a strong and weak beat in a recurring pattern. 59. Midi an acronym for musical instrument digital interface. 60. Minor one of the two modes of the tonal system. The minor mode can be identified by the dark, melancholic mood. 61. Modulation when the piece of music moves into a new key. 62. Motif the fragment of a theme that forms a melodic, harmonic and rhythmic unit. 63. Movement a separate section of a larger composition. 64. Musicology the study of forms, history, science, and methods of music. 65. Natural a symbol in sheet music that returns a note to its original pitch after it has been augmented or diminished. 66. Notations sounds.

the use of written or printed symbols to represent musical

67. Octave the two tones in which the first pitch is doubled in frequency by the second pitch. 68. Off-beat a note that is not on the beat. 69. Ostinato a repeated phrase. 70. Overture introduction to an opera or other large musical work. 71. Part a line in a contrapuntal work performed by an individual voice or instrument. 72. Partial a harmonic given off by a note when it is played. 73. Pentatonic scale a five-note scale.

74. Phrase notes that are connected together in one group. 75. Pitch the relative highness or lowness that we hear in a sound. 76. Pick-up tones tones that lead to the strong beat of the song. 77. Prelude a short piece originally preceded by a more substantial work, also an orchestral introduction to opera, however not lengthy enough to be considered an overture. 78. Relative pitch ability to determine the pitch of a note as it relates to the notes that precede and follow it. 79. Resolution a movement of sound from dissonance to consonance. 80. Resonance when several strings are tuned to harmonically related pitches, all strings vibrate when only one of the strings is struck. 81. Rest silence in the piece of music. 82. Rhythm sounds.

the pattern in time created by the duration of individual

83. Root the first tone of a chord. 84. Score the complete musical notation of a composition. 85. Semitone a half step tone. 86. Staff the five horizontal lines on which the music notes are notated. 87. Subdominant the fourth degree of the diatonic scale. 88. Syncopation when the stress is on the off-beat. 89. Tempo the speed of a piece of music; the rate or speed of the beat.

90. Theme melodic idea used as a basic building block in the construction of a composition. 91. Tone a sound that has a definite pitch. 92. Tonic the first degree or central note of the diatonic scale. 93. Treble clef C. 94. Triads of thirds.

the clef in the upper staff that shows pitches above middle

chords of three notes stacked on top of one another in intervals

95. Trill a quick sequence of two notes played in rapid alteration. 96. Tritone a dissonant interval consisting of three whole steps. 97. Tune a catchy melody or a song. 98. Upbeat a weak or unaccented pulse preceding the downbeat. 99. Variation an altered version of a rhythm, motif or theme. 100. Waltz a ballroom dance in triple meter. 101. Whole step a whole tone.

Table of Contents About the Author Table of Contents Book 1 THE CIRCLE OF 5THS - Best Seller Book Circle of 5ths - Introduction 1. The Diagram of the Circle of 5ths 2. 12 Key Signatures 3. Flats and Sharps 4. Learn This Trick 5. Rosa's Rotary Circle 6. All 12 Major Keys in the Circle of 5ths 7. Chord Movement - Counter Clockwise 8. Circle of 4ths? 9. Application: Playing Circle of 5ths movement on the Piano 10. Use the Circle to identify I IV V7 of all 12 Keys 11. Revealing the 7 Diatonic Chords of all 12 Keys 12. Some Circle of 5ths Reveals Major and Minor scales. 13. Common Chord Progressions 14. Transposing Songs to Other Keys 15. Conclusion: Book Two Chapter I How To Read Music Step 1 Start with Musical Staff Step 2 Read Treble Clef Notes Step 3 Fast Trick Method to Identify Notes Practice Reading Treble Clef Notes Answer Key: Test 1 - Write down the notes on a separate sheet of paper: Answer to Test 1 Answer to Test 2 Step 4. Recognize White Keys & Black Keys Scales with Flats: Test 3: Identify the Scale

Answer to Test 3 Step 5. Read Rhythms and Note Durations Exercises Examples: Test 4: Step 6. Read Time Signature Exercise: Exercises to help you read notes duration within a bar Do the following tests yourself: Test 5: Test 6: Test 7: Chapter II Music Note Durations Chart Chapter III Music Score Terms Illustrated Chapter IV Music Note Terms Chapter V Music Dynamics Chart Chapter VI 101 Musical Terms