Vocabulary, Science and technology

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Science and technology You are probably familiar with the traditional branches of science e.g. chemistry, physics, botany and zoology. But what about these newer fields?

genetic engineering: the study of the artificial manipulation of the make-up of living things molecular biology: the study of the structure and function of the organic molecules associated with living organisms cybernetics: the study of the way information is moved and controlled by the brain or by machinery information technology: the study of technology related to the transfer of information (computers, digital electronics, telecommunications) bioclimatology: the study of climate as it affects humans geopolitics: study of the way geographical factors help to explain the basis of the power of nation states nuclear engineering: the study of the way nuclear power can be made useful cryogenics: the study of physical systems at temperatures less than 183 °C astrophysics: the application of physical laws and theories to stars and galaxies

The verbs in the sentences below are all useful in scientific contexts: He experimented with a number of different materials before finding the right one. The technician pressed a button and lights started flashing. When she pulled a lever, the wheel began to rotate. The zoologist dissected the animal When they were combined, the two chemicals reacted violently with each other. After analysing the problem, the physicist concluded that there was a flaw in his initial hypothesis. James Watt invented the steam engine and Alexander Fleming, another Scot, discovered penicillin. After switching on the computer, insert a floppy disc into the disc drive. You must patent your invention as quickly as possible.

Source: English Vocabulary in Use, Cambridge University Press, 9th printing 1999
Vocabulary, Science and technology

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